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Pushover analysis is becoming recently the most practical tool for nonlinear analysis of regular and irregular highway bridges. The nonlinear behaviour of structural elements in this type of analysis can be modeled through automated-hinge or user-defined hinge models. The nonlinear properties of the user-defined hinge model for existing highway bri...
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Citations
... l is the friction coefficient, and it is 0.1 and 0.02 for the laminated rubber bearings and PTFE bearings, respectively. Plastic hinges are assumed to develop at the bottom of the bridge piers (Shatarat, Shehadeh, & Naser, 2017). Consequently, the pier beyond the plastic hinge regions can be simulated by elastic beam elements. ...
Earthquake-induced poundings have been identified as a critical factor influencing bridge seismic behavior. However, most previous studies on this topic did not consider link-slabs in the continuous deck, which would influence the pounding occurrence and thus the subsequent seismic response. This paper uses a probabilistic method to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of a simply-supported bridge considering pounding and link-slabs. The damage states of girder ends due to poundings are proposed according to the cumulative damage. To analyze the seismic vulnerability of the whole bridge, both the joint probabilistic seismic demand model considering multiple engineering demand parameters and the joint damage state model considering the capability of each bridge component are established. Based on these models, the fragility curve of the whole bridge is obtained using the Monte Carlo method. The effects of gap sizes between pounding components and pier heights on the bridge seismic vulnerability are also investigated. The result reveals that the fragility of the whole bridge system is higher than that of any individual component. Ignoring the contribution of damage to each component to the whole system will lead to an overestimation of the seismic resistance of the overall bridge, which is detrimental to structural safety.
... This is a very simple and quick procedure with an acceptable accuracy of obtained results [4]. The benefits of this method have resulted in a more frequent implementation of the pushover analysis in practice as means of nonlinear analysis of regular and irregular highway bridges [5]. Assessment and investigation of the bridges have been done by various researchers in the recent years [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] which was introduced and implemented in several design codes like Eurocode 8 [15], different guidelines like ATC-40 [16], FEMA-273 [17], FEMA-356 [18], ATC-55 [19], and ASCE/SEI 41-06 Standard [20]. ...
One of the facilities which are crucial for each nation’s infrastructure are bridges. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account the effects of earthquakes when designing bridge structures. Static nonlinear methods (e.g. pushover method) are very useful for the first preliminary check of the structure. In recent years pushover analysis has become one of the most practical tools for nonlinear analysis of bridges due to its simplicity and rapidness on one hand and acceptable accuracy of obtained results on the other hand. Software SAP 2000 enables a simple and rather easy approach for determination of the nonlinear hinge properties with the application of either user-defined or automated-hinge models as concentrated hinge models or distributed plastic behavior models using fiber elements. This paper presents the difference in the results of nonlinear static analysis for three different models of plastic hinges for a characteristic railway reinforced concrete bridge.
... The SAP2000 finite element analysis software [9] was used to perform a nonlinear incremental analysis of the structural elements as this software is one of the most used software systems by bridge engineers for nonlinear static analysis of highway bridges [10]. Shatarat et al. [11] evaluated the effects of plastic hinge for four old highway bridges through hinge models and pushover analyses in the SAP 2000. Their studies, however, were limited to flexure dominated conventionally reinforced concrete bridge piers. ...
The use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) wraps to retrofit and strengthen existing structures such as reinforced concrete piers is becoming popular due to the higher tensile strength, durability, and flexibility gained and the method’s ease of handling and low installation and maintenance costs. As yet, however, few guidelines have been developed for determining the optimum thicknesses of the FRP wraps applied to external surfaces of concrete or masonry structures. In this study, nonlinear pushover finite element analyses were utilized to analyze the complex structural behaviors of FRP-wrapped reinforced rectangular piers. Design parameters such as pier section sizes, pier heights, pier cap lengths, compressive strengths of concrete, and the thicknesses of the FRP wraps used were thoroughly tested under incremental lateral and vertical loads. The results provide useful guidelines for analyzing and designing appropriate FRP wraps for existing concrete piers.
In recent years in the countries of Southeastern Europe, it has been an increasing demand and launch of complex land consolidation projects. If we consider the complicated process of such activities but also the particular restriction of financial resources, it raises the fundamental question which is how to implement land consolidation projects in these conditions and which cadastral municipalities to give priority. For this research, it has been used and applied appropriate mathematical models which are: TOPSIS (The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution), ELECTRE (Elimination et Choix Traduisan la Real), SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) and AHP (Analytical Hierarchical Process) method. For the cadastral municipalities ranking purposes, it has been created special logarithm and software which can significantly contribute to the economic process, regarding the process of the automatization of the land consolidation projects. Additionally, the results which have been achieved justify the application of the mathematical models, not only in Serbia but also in the region where are at the moment a lot of the land consolidation projects.
