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Hybrid lignin TiO 2 nanoparticles: red-ox activity enables biocide disinfection and dye removal.
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... curves of hybrid TiO 2 _DL samples are shown in Fig. S3 † and the amount of DL present in the hybrid nanomaterials was evaluated using eqn (2) provided in the Experimental ...
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... calculated values are reported in Table 1 and suggest that the weight percentage of DL contained in the hybrid nanoparticles increases as the amount of lignin used in the synthesis phase increases. In addition, the TGA curves of the nanohybrids showed the largest weight loss in the range of 200-800 °C (Fig. S3 †), which corresponded to the main decomposition of DL according to the TGA curve of DL T (Fig. S2, B ...
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... optical properties of all the nanoparticles were evaluated by means of DRUV analysis (Fig. 3). The spectrum of TiO 2 showed a sigmoidal behaviour and the transmittance increasing from 10% to 100% in the range of 300-400 nm, suggesting a maximum TiO 2 absorption band at around 250 nm, as reported elsewhere. 51 On the other hand, hybrid nanostructures showed transmittance values which decrease by increasing the lignin content ...
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... decrease by increasing the lignin content within nanoparticles (∼50% for TiO 2 _DL25, 40% for TiO 2 _DL50 and ∼20% for TiO 2 _DL100 and TiO 2 _DL200 nanoparticles in the UV-A region with respect to bare TiO 2 nanostructures). This is a key behaviour related to hybrid nanoparticles, which is not present in the spectra of neat TiO 2 nanoparticles (Fig. 3, blue curve) and of the physical mixture of lignin and TiO 2 (Fig. S8 †), thus proving the key role of the molecular combination between lignin and TiO 2 in improving absorption capability, and, therefore, lowering transmission features, in the UV-A/ visible region. Therefore, this evidence provides a quantitative result about the ...
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... polyphenol-based nanocomposites. 51,58 As further proof of this, the physical mixing of lignin and TiO 2 nanoparticles only results in a slight visible region absorption increase, which can be attributed exclusively to lignin intrinsic absorption features within that range, as shown in Fig. S8. † Indeed, the transmission profile for bare DL T (Fig. 3, brown curve) exhibited a continuous decrease from visible to UV frequencies, confirming the potential of this phenolic polymer as a strong UV absorbent. This pattern is characteristic of organic fractions such as lignin, which has a brown colour and can absorb in the visible ...
