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Transmastoid presigmoid retrolabyrinthe approach—extradural part. The patient was put in left lateral position and a curve incision along the auricle was made. a The temporalis muscle and retroauricular muscles were reflected anteriorly and expose the whole mastoid bone (dashed line) till external acoustic meatus (arrowhead). b After one-piece cortical bone removal of the mastoid, air cells were exposed. The arrowhead indicates spine of Henle. c After drill off all the air cells, sigmoid sinus was skeletonized (arrowhead) and semicircular canal complex was exposed (asterisk). The dashed line shows Trautmann’s triangle. d Dura flap was opened and the petrosal surface of cerebellum was exposed without retraction
Source publication
Background
Bleeding of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCM) cause high morbidity and should be treated surgically whenever possible.
Method
We present a 56-year-old man, who was diagnosed with a BSCM at right pons, which caused functional impairments of dorsal column, spinothalamic tract, cochlear nucleus, and middle cerebellar peduncle. A tra...
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Citations
... To minimize CSF leakage risk, the dural reconstruction must be performed methodically with collagenous patch, fibrin glue, or fat graft [10], and postoperative lumbar external drainage for a few days is recommended. ...
Background
The presigmoid approach classically includes the ligature and section of the superior petrosal sinus to get a wider visibility window to the antero-lateral brainstem surface. In some cases, the separation of this venous structure should not be performed.
Method
We present our experience getting safely to a pontine cavernous malformation through a conventional mastoidectomy presigmoid approach preserving an ingurgitated superior petrosal sinus because the association with an abnormal venous drainage of the brainstem.
Conclusions
When sectioning the superior petrosal sinus in classical presigmoid approaches is contraindicated, its preservation could also offer good surgical corridors to get to small-medium anterior and lateral brainstem cavernous malformations.
Introducción: Los cavernomas del tronco encefálico constituyen el 18-35% de los cavernomas intracraneales y son los que tienen la tasa más alta de sangrado de todos los cavernomas cerebrales. Su tasa anual de resangrado es del 21 a 60%. Las lesiones asintomáticas deben ser tratadas de manera conservadora, mientras que en lesiones sintomáticas y accesibles se recomienda la cirugía. La resección quirúrgica evita el deterioro neurológico causado por el sangrado recurrente. Caso Clínico: Se presenta el caso de una paciente mujer de 10 años, con cefalea, marcha atáxica, paresia del VI PC izquierdo y vértigo. Se realizó una resonancia magnética cerebral (RMN) donde se evidenció en T2 un proceso expansivo arrosariado en región protuberancial posterior con depósitos de hemosiderina intratumoral y extratumoral. La angiografía cerebral fue negativa. Se realizó una craneotomía suboccipital medial con abordaje telovelar logrando la resección total del cavernoma. La paciente fue extubada en el 2° día postoperatorio. La tomografía cerebral (TAC) sin contraste no evidenció complicaciones agudas, solo mínimo sangrado de lecho operatorio. La RMN cerebral postquirúrgica mostró muestra ausencia de la lesión. A los 7 meses, continuaba sin déficit motor, con marcha adecuada y Glasgow 15 puntos. Conclusión: Los cavernomas del tronco encefálico son una patología poco frecuente con alta morbilidad. La elección adecuada del paciente, el abordaje quirúrgico y el tiempo hasta la cirugía disminuyen la morbilidad posquirúrgica.
Background: The retrolabyrinthine approach helps clinicians perform complex surgeries such as vestibular neurectomy, resection of petrous apex cholesteatoma, or use this space to complete endoscopic combined with microscope surgical operations in a relatively safe buffer space. Some of our current studies using 3D reconstruction in the clinic have also helped us perform some complex surgical procedures.Objective: This study aims to reveal the relationship between important structures in retrolabyrinthine space through objective parameters. These measurement data help clinicians locate intraoperatively and provide a reference for clinical surgery. Also, we are intended to help improve surgical techniques and expand the operating space to increase reachable anatomic structure.Material and Methods: The inner structures of the temporal bone from HRCT (High-resolution computed tomography) images which were taken at the Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University were reconstructed. Precise measurement of the structures was accomplished by using the software 3D-Slicer (3D Slicer, https://www.slicer.org/; version 4.8.0, Massachusetts, USA).Results: 3D model of temporal bone structures, including the cochlea, semicircular canals (SCCs), the internal auditory canal (IAC), facial nerve (FN), jugular bulb(JB), and carotid artery was reconstructed. The combination of HRCT and 3D models is utilized to analyze the Quantitative data of the retrolabyrinthine space and its adjacent structures.Conclusions and Significance: 3D reconstruction of CT images clearly displayed the detailed structures of the temporal bone. Surgical adaptability of the retrolabyrinthine approach can be assessed preoperatively by image and other methods, and anatomical parameters play an important role in the retrolabyrinthine space. Therefore, this study helps to skeleton the bone as much as possible to expand the surgical space, so that the surgeon can contact the anatomical structure more diversified to expand the surgical indications.
