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Top view of the microstrip patch antenna. The radius of patch denoted with d1 is 18 mm. d2 represent shorting pin distance from the centre of the antenna is 8 mm. Black spot represents shorting pins. Yellow colour showing patch part made up of copper material and the blue colour is FR4 as the substrate material.
Source publication
Recent advancement in antenna technology is directed to achieve reconfiguration of radiating structure parameters. In this paper, we propose graphene-based reconfigurable and high gain microstrip radiating structure for multiband wireless communication applications. The circular copper patch is used as a radiating element of the radiating structure...
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Citations
... THz MIMO antenna with metamaterial loading can also get polarization diversity [30]. Graphene-based antenna structures are gaining interest amongst researchers because these antennas enhance the gain and bandwidth of antennas [31,32]. The gain enhancement is carried out using two metamaterial structures. ...
The need for faster communication in today’s world has led to the need for antennas with high bandwidth and gain. A novel THz MIMO antenna based on metamaterial is presented in this manuscript for high-speed communication applications with broad bandwidth and high gain. The THz MIMO metamaterial antenna is designed using a C-shaped metamaterial resonator. The metamaterial antenna is also compared with a simple square patch MIMO antenna design for different antenna parameters like gain, reflection, and transmission coefficients. The metamaterial MIMO antenna gives a higher bandwidth of around 1.95 THz, three operating bands and a maximum isolation of about 80 dB. The maximum gain of the metamaterial MIMO design is 20.4 dB. The metamaterial MIMO antenna is also optimized for its geometrical parameters like slot length, slot width, substrate thickness and ground layer thickness. The optimized value of slot length, slot width, substrate and ground layer thicknesses are obtained as 10 µm, 10 µm, 1.5 µm and 1 µm, respectively. The MIMO parameters like ECC, DG, MEG, CCL and TARC are analyzed. All these parameter values fall within the standard requirement for MIMO antennas. The designed metamaterial MIMO antenna can be a good pick for 6G/TWPAN communication devices.
... One of the most important applications of metamaterial is the superstrate MTM on the patch antenna, it is used as a dielectric cover that protects the patch from environmental hazards. In addition to the protection purpose, superstrates have significant effects on the antenna performance like antenna gain, directivity, and radiation efficacy [19][20][21][22]. Herein, we are presenting a high-performance graphene patch antenna on Rogers 5880 (ε r = 2.2) substrate at a 3.5 THz frequency band. ...
Recently, graphene-patch antennas have been widely used in communication technology, especially in THz applications due to the extraordinary properties of graphene material. Herein, a graphene-based rectangular microstrip patch antenna is designed on an FR4 substrate material (εr = 4.3). A single and double-faced superstrate MTM is placed upon the radiating patch for different purposes, such as enhancing the overall antenna performance, protecting the patch from environmental jeopardies, and generating a multiband resonance frequency. A single face superstrate triangle SRR unit was used to produce a dual-band frequency at 3.5 and 4.331 THz. The S 11 of the dual-band structure is achieved to be −26.78 dB and −46.25 dB with a bandwidth of 400 GHz and 460 GHz, respectively. The double face superstrate MTM unit cell of the triangle SRR printed on the opposite face gives another resonant frequency, so, triple frequency bands of 2.32, 3.35, and 4.38 THz with a wide impedance bandwidth of 230, 520, and 610 GHz, were generated, respectively. The double-face superstrate MTM not only enhances the antenna performance but also generates another resonant frequency that could be used in the next 6G communications. The proposed antenna is designed and optimized using two commercial 3D full-wave software, CST Microwave Studio and Ansoft HFSS, to validate the results. K e y w o r d s: double-face MTM, graphene, microstrip antenna, superstrate metamaterial, THz, triangle split ring resonator
... Graphene is an allotrope of carbon packed into a two-dimensional (2D) honeycomb and hexagonal lattice structure. It is widely being used in Nano-photonics, Nano-electronics and THz wireless communication for outstanding chemical, mechanical and optical properties [14][15][16]. ...
For future wireless communication, low-cost, low profile, minimal weight and high performance antenna is required to support high-speed data transmission. This paper presents a graphene based wideband microstrip patch antenna at 1.10THz resonate frequency. Graphene has been used in the proposed antenna for higher electrical conductivity, mobility, and saturation severity in THz band regime. The proposed antenna is mounted on silicon substrate that employed Photonic Band Gap (PBG) having a dielectric constant of 11.9. The outcome of this work has been described in terms of return loss (S11), gain, directivity, voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and radiation pattern for both E-plane and H-plane. The proposed antenna has minimal return loss − 48.95dB, gain 3.96dB, VSWR 1.054 and impedance bandwidth 26% which may be an excellent candidate for wireless communication as well as explosive detection, material characterization, medical imaging, homeland defense system etc. All the design and simulations of the proposed antenna has been performed by using commercially available electromagnetic software CST Microwave Studio.
Microstrip antennas are a class of planar antennas which have been researched and developed extensively in the last four decades. Due to their numerous advantages such as simple design, possible compact design, and lower cost, microstrip antennas are widely used in different fields of science and technology. As the size of these antennas directly depends on its resonance frequency wavelength, microstrip antenna is a popular choice for ultrahigh-frequency applications. In this chapter, a brief overview on microstrip antenna and its performance and design parameters is provided. A state-of-the-art literature review is also included to have an overall idea of the recent developments in this area and what to expect in the future.
This book focuses on recent advances in the field of planar antenna design and their applications in various fields of research including space communication, mobile communication, wireless communication, and wearable applications. Planar antennas are also used in medical applications including microwave imaging, medical implants, hyperthermia treatments, and wireless wellness monitoring. However, most of these applications still use bulky antenna systems which hamper their efficiency and applicability despite high application potential. The primary objective of recent antenna research is the reduction in size and complexity. Students, scholars and researchers are used to doing mathematical modelling and pattern measurements in simulated environments only. Our aim is to show academic and industry researchers as well as advanced students and lecturers in electronics, electrical and instrumentation engineering how to do measurements in real-world environments. This book will present planar antenna design concepts, methods, and techniques to enhance performance parameters, as well as applications for IoTs and device-to-device communication. We will provide the latest techniques used for the design of antennas in terms of their structures, defected ground, MIMO, and fractal design. This book will also address the specific steps to resolve issues in designing antennas and how to design conformal and miniaturized antenna structures for various applications.
The proposed book focuses on recent advances in the field of planar antenna design and their applications in various fields of research including space communication, mobile communication, wireless communication and wearable applications. Planar antennas are also used in medical applications including microwave imaging, medical implants, hyperthermia treatments, and wireless wellness monitoring. But, most of these applications still use bulky antenna systems which hamper their efficiency and applicability despite high application potential. This book will present planar antenna design concepts, methods and techniques to enhance the performance parameters, and applications for IoTs and device-to-device communication. We have provided the latest techniques used for the design of antennas in terms of their structures, defected ground, MIMO and fractal design. This book will also address the specific steps to resolve issues in designing antennas and how to design conformal and miniaturized antenna structures for various applications.
A graphene‐metamaterial hybrid structure for the design of reconfigurable low pass filters in terahertz region is proposed. This design manages to manipulate the resonance characteristics of metamaterial and terahertz wave response characteristics of the hybrid structure by controlling the chemical potential of graphene. The shift of the resonant frequency and the modulation of the resonant peak of the metamaterial, which have negative effects on the performance of the proposed filter, were studied and the thickness of the dielectric layer between graphene and metamaterial is found to play an important role. Finally, a reconfigurable pass band with a maximum modulation depth of ~ 32% at 0.1THz is obtained.
