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![Fig. 1. Non-overlapped channel combination [3]](profile/Mohammad-Morshed-3/publication/305330771/figure/fig1/AS:384725895139328@1468737209209/Non-overlapped-channel-combination-3_Q320.jpg)
This paper presents an experimental performance analysis of 2.4 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN), while the nearby Wi-Fi Direct users communicate with the same channel. Structured WLAN APs were considered as primary users (PUs) and the smartphones as secondary users (SUs) for this study. At present spectrum saturation problem is a critical is...
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... to the same channel. Fig. 5 shows both PU and SU activities while they were using non-overlapped channels. PU was set to channel 1 and SU is set to channel 6 and it is seen that the PU channel utilization is almost same as Fig. 4, and the value is around 40%, whereas, the standalone SU channel utilization is around 30%. .11, NO.4, JULY 2016 Fig . 6 shows the throughout performance of PUs during an on-going Wi-Fi Direct activities at the same channel to PU, and measured by Ixchariot software. We found the non-overlapped channel throughput was around 2.4 Mbps whereas for overlapped channel, it reduced to around 2.1 Mbps. So, it is clear that, there is a significant distortion of ...
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Citations
... Gambar 2 Non-overlaping Channel Wi-Fi [9] Pengaturan saluran Channel router dilakukan dengan tujuan mencegah terjadinya penumpukan Channel dalam ruang lingkup yang sama. Memilih satu atau lebih saluran Channel adalah hal penting dari pengaturan jaringan Wi-Fi agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jaringan. ...
... Memilih satu atau lebih saluran Channel adalah hal penting dari pengaturan jaringan Wi-Fi agar tidak terjadi penurunan kualitas jaringan. Pada pita frekuensi 2,4 Ghz, saluran Channel yang umum digunakan agar mendapat kemungkinan kecil terjadi overlaping adalah 1, 6, dan 11 [9]. ...
IEEE 802.11b adalah standar teknologi komunikasi antar perangkat elektronik yang memanfaatkan gelombang radio frekuensi 2,4 Ghz sebagai media transmisi. Banyak jenis jaringan nirkabel yang juga memanfaatkan radio frekuensi 2,4 Ghz sebagai media transmisi, salah satunya adalah jaringan bluetooth. Jaringan bluetooth merupakan jaringan nirkabel dengan untuk komunikasi tanpa batas pada jarak yang pendek dan membutuhkan konsumsi daya yang rendah. Pertemuan 2 jaringan nirkabel yang memiliki spektrum pita frekuensi yang sama memungkinkan terjadinya penurunan performa pada jaringan nirkabel tersebut Pada penelitian ini menguji pengaruh dari jumlah interferensi bluetooth 5.0 terhadap kinerja jaringan Wi-Fi dengan menggunakan parameter QoS Video streaming sebagai tolak ukur untuk melakukan analisis data hasil pengujian. Dari hasil analisis, dapat diketahui semakin banyak jumlah interferensi bluetooth maka nilai delay maupun nilai packet loss semakin meningkat dan nilai throughput semakin menurun. Hal tersebut menunjukkan jumlah interferensi bluetooth yang bertambah menyebabkan kinerja jaringan Wi-Fi menurun.
... This is also to provide more spectrum access opportunities to cognitive users [3]. To customize the WiFi channel for secondary users as per user demand in this chapter CRN is considered to integrate with WiFi direct [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. ...
... The process of connecting devices is much simpler than trying to use current tethering or Ad-hoc networking devices (laptops and smartphones). Basically WiFi direct technology uses channel numbers 1, 6 and 11 for its communication due to their independent and non-overlapping nature [4]. ...
... It focused on direct routing in a testbed (with three devices), without considering multi-hop peer-to-peer communication in a comprehensive environment. Hence, taking the advantage of CR detection [3,4] and OLSR [10], focus of this chapter is to come out a comprehensive algorithm and to implement it in a full WiFi based CR network scenario (testbed) that can support peer-to-peer multi-hop file transfer without direct WiFi connection besides CR channel detection and communication. It can also support the dynamic topology change of Mobile Android devices, and cloud synchronization with data (log-file, etc.,) back-up in cloud. ...
In this chapter, an application for Android WiFi Direct multi-hop communications with log-file generation and cloud-based back-up have been proposed. WiFi Direct technology is used to peer-to-peer files transfer between neighboring devices without going through any access point. Distributed file systems for the cloud is a system that enables users to have access to the same data or file remotely (any-time any-where). The proposed custom WiFi Direct based Cognitive Radio (CR) application is able to create an ad-hoc network for multi-hop file transfer wirelessly using WiFi between two or more devices. Besides, to customize the channel according to the user demand, CR technique is used. An application (App) is developed and used in mobile devices (smart phones, note book, etc.) in a testbed to verify the system performances. This App detects and saves all the network activities information (in terms of log file) to keep track of the user activity and connection details in the network. The generated log files are stored in the cloud for further processing and security purpose. The performance of WiFi Direct based CR discovery service, channel detection, log file generation, multi-hop communication and WiFi Direct applications were successfully tested intensively with ~93% efficiency. Based on experimental data, an empirical model for multi-hop communication is proposed and validated. This shows, multi-hop file transfer and cloud back-up of log-files are possible through neighbor nodes with WiFi direct connection for at least one node in a network. This can be helpful for data safety, recovery and connection status monitoring/analysis for possible intrusion detection.
... The "pairing" of Wi-Fi Direct gadgets may be created for the need of a whole area interaction, a Wireless transmission for all of the units. Wi-Fi Direct might not just change the necessity for routers, but may, in addition, replace the necessity of wireless access point with programs which do not depend on reasonable energy [1][2][3][4][5]. ...
... Together with the proper storage space program, one can actually enable other individuals to gain access to the information, flipping a private task into a collective work. This proves that the cloud storage is very convenient for the user as it is very flexible for use [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. ...
... Finally, we calculated the average for all values and plotted to compare for the different attempt. For channel detection and communication in CR network, the similar techniques as in [1][2][3][4][5][16][17][18] are used in our testbed as shown in Figure 4. Channel detection for SU's use is shown in Figure 5. The application discovers nearby devices which are connected to the same WiFi access point to establish a peerto-peer (p2p) CR network to communicate with them directly. ...
Wi-Fi Direct technology is enabled to support multiple services to be done via Wi-Fi connection. It provides the most efficient method to develop ad-hoc community among mobile devices for connecting quickly with one another without needing an access to the network. It allows communicating at common Wi-Fi rates for various applications including document exchange and online connection. This one-stop WiFi Direct application is able to connect a device to a single device at a time, i.e., only peer to peer communication is allowed within one hop. Hence, multi-device communication within multi-hop distance in a trusty Cognitive Radio (CR) network environment is in demand. This paper presents the development of an Android-based application with optimum cloud routing service to transfer files or chatting via Wi-Fi Direct technology in CR network. A system is developed using smartphones (with developed applications) and nodes with WI-FI connection. An indirect multi-hop routing approach is created if more devices transfer files simultaneously from hop to hop. After login and initializing, a device discovers the neighboring nodes first and then connects those (as necessary) to transfer a file or start chatting. The very moment a connection is established, a log file is generated in internal memory and save a backup copy in cloud containing necessary networking information of the client devices. The aim of these backup log files is for forensic investigation for intrusion detection/prevention and secured communications. Then the chatting or file transfer is carried out between the connected devices either in single or multi-hop routes. Results show that the system’s efficiency is around 92%. It shows that multi-device, multi-hop Wi-Fi Direct services can be implemented using Android devices with Eclipse Java programming in CR networks. © 2018 Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka. All rights reserved.
... Cognitive Radio (CR) is a type of technology that allows an unlicensed user (Secondary User (SU)) to use the spectrum that was given to licensed users (Primary User (PU)) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. This process was done so that SUs can use the spectrum while PUs are not using it. ...
... This process was done so that SUs can use the spectrum while PUs are not using it. It is used to solve the spectrum shortage problem due to the inflexible spectrum allocation [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Cognitive radio is usually used to sense radio environment, to choose transmission parameters that improve efficiency and to avoid interfering with primary users [1][2][3]. ...
... Cooperative spectrum sensing occurs when a group of cognitive radio shares the information together which they sense [8,[11][12][13][14][15][18][19][20]. ...
Cognitive Radio (CR) is the cutting-edge wireless technology that is used to solve the spectrum saturation problem. In cognitive radio, Secondary Users (SUs) use Primary User's (PU's) spectrum (licensed band) during PU's absence. Cognitive radio provides more flexibility in terms of spectrum utilization but the spectrum sensing efficiency need to be improved to make sure that the PUs are not interrupted while they are active. This paper presents the test-bed development of a CR network using Android-based smartphones for optimal sensing and data transmission. An energy detector based sensing method is proposed and used here since the energy detector does not require the information of the PU. The CR features have been implemented in Android phone using the Eclipse Java programming. The test-bed experimental set up was done using Android-based smartphones and Wi-Fi Access Point (AP). Two spectrum, Wi-Fi and Bluetooth were used to verify the sensing and detection efficiency. Results show that the proposed sensing and detection scheme efficiency is about 83%.
... WLANs have already been widely deployed during the last decade and hence are the source of prime interference within the industrial scientific and medical (ISM) radio band. For instance, France Telecom alone has deployed more than two Million WLAN systems for domestic and industrial use in the last decade in France until 2007 and Telekom Malaysia (TM) has deployed more than 17,000 WLAN site nationwide in Malaysia until 3rd quarter of 2015 as professional WLAN deployment countrywide [3]. ...
This paper presents an experimental investigation of threshold determination for efficient channel detection in wireless LAN (WLAN) based cognitive radio (CR) networks. The spectrum saturation problem is a critical issue in wireless communication systems worldwide due to on growing user demands day by day with many new applications to the limited frequency spectrum. Hence, present demand is an efficient and intelligent spectrum management and allocation system. In this paper, we proposed an adaptive threshold determination technique based on free space path loss (FSPL) model to detect the presence or absence of PUs. The model is designed especially for Android based smartphones and tablets. The smartphones act as secondary users (SUs) and existing 2.4 GHz WLAN channels as PUs. The network is prepared in a usual noisy lab/outdoor environment and tested for the robustness of the proposed model. Results show the desired range of usable threshold and the channel detection performance depends on the noise floor level of the surrounding environment.
