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... the first backplane of the chain, these connectors are used to connect to the FC7 FPGA [3] board, through Samtec HDR cables. The interconnected backplane sections mounted in a crate are illustrated in Figure 2. ...
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A bstract
In this article, we study in detail the double- J/ψ yield through Z decay at the next-to-leading-order (NLO) QCD accuracy within the nonrelativistic QCD factorization. At the tree level, the pure QCD diagrams predict a branching ratio of $$ {\mathcal{B}}_{Z\to J/\psi +J/\psi } $$ B Z → J / ψ + J / ψ ~ 10 − 12 ; however, the inclusion of t...
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Variable-dependent scale factors are commonly used in HEP to improve shape agreement of data and simulation. The choice of the underlying model is of great importance, but often requires a lot of manual tuning e.g. of bin sizes or fitted functions. This can be alleviated through the use of neural networks and their inherent powerful data modeling c...
Citations
... The production scale testing of CMS Outer Tracker hybrid circuits prompted the design of a crate-based test system [3], which can be divided into five main parts (figure 1): a computer running testing software, FC7 [4] FPGA cards to simulate and interpret signals, Test Crate with signal multiplexing boards (backplanes) to switch the connections between 12 test slots, test cards (TC) to operate hybrid-type specific functional tests, and, finally, various jumpers and adaptors to accommodate the 15 distinct hybrid variants. Overall, six types of test cards were designed and produced. ...
The Phase-2 Upgrade [1] of the CMS Outer Tracker [2] requires the production of 7608 Strip-Strip (2S) and 5592 Pixel-Strip (PS) modules, altogether incorporating 45 192 hybrid circuits of 15 design variants. The module design makes the potential repairs impractical; therefore, performing production-scale testing of the hybrids is essential. Accordingly, a scalable, crate-based test system was designed and manufactured, allowing for parallel, high-throughput testing. To reproduce the operating conditions, the system was integrated within a climate chamber, which required the development of a remote control interface and the calibration of thermal cycles. The results and lessons learned from the test system integration and commissioning will be presented.
Fifty thousand hybrid circuits of five different types will be manufactured for the Phase-2 Upgrade of the CMS Outer Tracker. These circuits must undergo a strict quality control process, composed of functional testing and visual inspection, before they can be assembled into modules. The hybrids will be functionally tested first at the manufacturing site. Afterwards, they will be visually inspected and functionally tested again at CERN or at collaborating institutes. Results from these processes will be stored in the CMS production database. This paper presents the software tools developed to carry out these tasks.
Up to fifty thousand front-end and service hybrids are required for the CMS Outer Tracker Phase-2 Upgrade. These hybrids, which are built on carbon fibre stiffened circuits and contain several flip-chip ASICs, will be glued in module structures, making repairs almost impossible. Due to their complexity, testing within production is a very important aspect. A multiplexed testing infrastructure, based on custom crates and test cards, is presented. This testing hardware is supported by software tools to enable the exhaustive verification of hybrids at the manufacturing sites and for their acceptance within the collaboration.
Alongside the High Luminosity LHC upgrade, the silicon tracker of the CMS detector will be replaced within the scope of the so-called Phase-2 upgrade. The new tracker will consist of an inner part (Inner Tracker with pixelated modules) and at larger radii the Outer Tracker with two different module types (PS and 2S modules). One hybrid type used on these modules is the 2S service hybrid. It provides the optical link connection of a 2S module via the Low Power Giga Bit Transceiver (lpGBT) and a Versatile Transceiver Plus module (VTRx+). It is also responsible for the module power distribution. The different responsibilities of the hybrid require a complete testing, which is performed by a dedicated custom made test card. After a hybrid has been installed on the test card, all signal connections can be tested and verified. The test system is designed to handle a high throughput during mass production. The requirements and the design for the 2S service hybrid test card are presented together with testing results of the first final 2S service hybrid prototypes.
