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Developing drug delivery carriers for highly selective, controlled, and sustained release of the anti-cancer drugs is one of the crucial issues in the cancer strive. We herein report the synthesis of Fe3O4 (M) and SiO2 (S) nanoparticles and their nanocomposites with chitosan (CS) for high loading efficiency and subsequent release potentiality of Do...
Citations
... Different strategies have been proposed to improve silica nanocarriers. Development of an organic-inorganic hybrid using natural and biocompatible polymers can result in improvement of release properties [13,14]. ...
A novel hybrid of BSA-folate modified silica-gelatin nanocarrier with surface area of about 422 m ² /g was designed in the current study and loaded by fluorouracil with 70 % entrapment efficiency. The nanocarrier was evaluated in terms of pH-sensitive release behavior in simulated acidic condition of cancer tissue (pH=5.), and the normal physiological condition of the body (pH=7.4) for 96 h. In vitro drug release from nanocarriers indicated a partial burst release in the early times (34 and 21 % after 12 h in acidic and neutral media), which was followed by a sustained and gradual release profile until 96 h. In addition, an enhanced drug release was observed at acidic pH (65 % after 96 h) compared to natural medium (42 % after 96 h), confirming the pH-responsive behavior of the developed nanocarrier. The MTT assay showed low toxicity of drug-free carrier against normal HDF fibroblast, and the OVCAR-3 ovarian cancer cells. These outcomes support the proper function of designed hybrid nanocarrier in targeted drug delivery.
... The molecular chains of this polymer can easily be digested under physiological conditions by either lysozyme or chitinase [19] . modification of magnetite using chitosan as an organic-inorganic nanocomposite by Nassar et al. [21] indicated the positive effect of chitosan on improving the release behavior of doxorubicin from chitosan/magnetite compared to unmodified magnetite. Also, Abdel-Bary et al. [22] reported the modification of magnetite, and silicon dioxide by chitosan that exhibited a high loading amount of the cisplatin for chitosan/magnetite (CS/ M), and chitosan/magnetite/silicon dioxide (CS/M/S) nanocomposites. ...
... Remarkably, nanoparticles have been applied in many fields such as industry, biomedicine, and agriculture [12][13][14] , where nanoparticles have been recently used as pesticides against insects, either medically or agriculturally 15 . Metal oxide nanoparticles have received much attention and have been widely produced over the last few years in many fields 16,17 . Many researchers confirm the high efficacy of metal oxide nanoparticles as larvicides to mosquitoes and other insects 18,19 . ...
Mosquitoes still pose a clear risk to human and animal health. Recently, nanomaterials have been considered one of the cost-effective solutions to this problem. Therefore, alumina nanoparticles (Al) were synthesized using an auto-combustion method, followed by calcination at 600 and 800 °C. Glucose (G) and sucrose (Su) were used as fuels and the combustion was performed at pH 2, 7, and 10. The as-synthesized Al2O3 nanoparticles were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and TEM. Alumina nanoparticles prepared using G and Su fuels at pH 7 and 800 °C (Al-G7-800 and Al-Su7-800) have crystallite sizes of 3.9 and 4.05 nm, respectively. While the samples (Al-G7-600 and Al-Su7-600) synthesized at pH 7 and 600 °C were amorphous. The prepared alumina nanoparticles were applied to the larval and pupal stages of Culex pipiens. The results showed that alumina nanoparticles cause higher mortality in the 1st larval instar than in all other larval instars and pupal stages of Culex pipiens after treatment at a high concentration of 200 ppm. Additionally, the larval duration after treatment with LC50 concentrations of alumina (Al-G7-800 and Al-Su7-800) was 31.7 and 23.6 days, respectively, compared to the control (13.3 days). The recorded data found that the content of glutathione-S-transferase, alkaline/acid phosphatase, β/α-esterase, and total protein were altered upon treatment with the LC50 concentration of alumina (Al-G7-800) nanoparticles. Based on these findings, alumina nanoparticles are a promising candidate as a potential weapon to control pests and mosquitoes.
... [36][37][38] Various polymers have been used as coating materials, for instance, chitosan, polyethylene glycol, polylactic-co-glycolide, dextran, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, polyacrylic acid and polysialic acid in unmodified and functionalized forms. [39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] Functionalization of polymers to sharpen them for drug-targeting applications is carried out by chemically linking various functional groups, including folate, [47] peptides, [48,49] boronic acid, [50] fluorescent dyes [51,52] and drugs. [53] These ligands are tethered to enhance cell internalization, tissue selectivity and imaging. ...
... This demonstrated that the conversion of graphite to GO was successful. The stretching vibration of -OH was represented by a distinctive broadband in the GO spectra, located at approximately 3360 cm −1 [37,38]. The stretching vibrations of C=O, aromatic C=C, C-O-C, and C-O were assigned to the absorption bands at 1730 cm −1 , 1597 cm −1 , 1250 cm −1 , and 1150 cm −1 , respectively [39]. ...
The present work reports an efficient removal of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), and an anionic dye, methyl orange (MO) dye from an aqueous solution using graphene oxide (GO)–based nanocomposite as an adsorbent. GO was investigated as a potential nano-reinforcing filler in starch/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) biopolymer matrix. Bio-nanocomposite based on starch/PVA matrix and GO were prepared by an aqueous casting method. The fabricated nanocomposites were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, Raman, TEM, FE-SEM, tensile study, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method, Barrett–Joyner–Halenda (BJH) method, zeta potential, and swelling study. The effect of the various compositions of GO nanofiller in the starch/PVA matrix was highlighted and the impact of GO nanosheets on the properties of the nanocomposites was revealed. The results demonstrated that the starch/PVA matrix with 3 g of GO was found to be the optimal concentration of GO. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to optimize the operational factors, including adsorbent dosage, pH, and contact time, which were systematically investigated. The kinetics of adsorption followed a pseudo-second-order model, while the Langmuir isotherm model described the equilibrium adsorption capacity. The prepared nanocomposite exhibited a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 382 mg g ⁻¹ for MB dye and 293.3 mg g ⁻¹ for MO dye. Based on the calculated thermodynamic parameters for the adsorption of MB (∆H° = − 16.37 kJ mol ⁻¹ , ∆S° = − 37.99 J K ⁻¹ mol ⁻¹ and ∆G° from − 4.39 to − 5.13 kJ mol ⁻¹ ) and MO (∆H° = − 13.72 kJ mol ⁻¹ , ∆S° = − 31.78 J K ⁻¹ mol ⁻¹ and ∆G° from − 3.72 to − 4.39 kJ mol ⁻¹ ) dyes onto the nanocomposite material was feasible, exothermic, and spontaneous. A plausible adsorption mechanism was proposed, involving electrostatic attraction, H-bonding, and π-π interactions, which collectively governed the adsorption process. The nanocomposite showed good stability and reusability up to five cycles for the uptake of MB and MO dyes. These findings confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed approach to produce bionanocomposite with enhanced properties, which may be used in water purification technology.
... In 2020, researchers from China had constructed a strongly adsorbent hydrogel using ovalbumin, and the ovalbumin-based hydrogel may be a promising adsorbent for the treatment of DFS-contaminated wastewater (Godiya et al., 2020). Researchers from Singapore produced a composite hydrogel using ovalbumin, which has shown to deliver vaccines consistently via a series of experiments in a mouse model of lymphoma metastasis (Lee et al., 2019). The reason why ovalbumin is rarely used for hydrogel preparation may be the relatively high cost and low feasibility of isolating and purifying ovalbumin. ...
Albumin is derived from blood plasma and is the most abundant protein in blood plasma, which has good mechanical properties, biocompatibility and degradability, so albumin is an ideal biomaterial for biomedical applications, and drug-carriers based on albumin can better reduce the cytotoxicity of drug. Currently, there are numerous reviews summarizing the research progress on drug-loaded albumin molecules or nanoparticles. In comparison, the study of albumin-based hydrogels is a relatively small area of research, and few articles have systematically summarized the research progress of albumin-based hydrogels, especially for drug delivery and tissue engineering. Thus, this review summarizes the functional features and preparation methods of albumin-based hydrogels, different types of albumin-based hydrogels and their applications in antitumor drugs, tissue regeneration engineering, etc. Also, potential directions for future research on albumin-based hydrogels are discussed.
... This is attributed to significant benefits over old repeated methods such as geometrical complexity and customisation. Owing to large surface area, size of particles iron based nanoparticles such as those of haematite and magnetite as magnetic material have become demand of the present research era [2]. Furthermore, chitosan based iron, silica and various functional groups modified nanomaterials have also been employed in recent research fields, indicating high demand in nanomaterials modifications [1]. ...
In this study, the biochar of rice husk was modified to a nanosorbent upon loading with haematite for Cr (III) removal from aqueous solutions. Three adsorbents, rice husk, rice husk biochar and haematite-loaded rice husk biochar, were used for equilibrium adsorption studies. SEM and FTIR analysis revealed the presence of pores and various surface active sites on a nanomaterial, which were responsible for the adsorption of Cr (III). C–H, –O–H, C=O stretching vibrations were observed in characterised FTIR peaks. Modelling of adsorption isotherms indicated best fit for Freundlich isotherm with maximum Kf value of 12,218 and 39.5 for linear and non-linear nanomaterial experimental calculations, and positive n value in range of 1–10 for all forms of adsorbents, Dubinin–Radushkevich adsorption saturation capacity qs showed high readings of 9417 and 76.8 for haematite nanomaterial, Elovich isotherm favoured non-linear results in case of nanomaterial with increased Qm values 43.4–112.3 from raw form to nanosorbents and Temkin isotherm with. Kinetic and Thermodynamic results were also summarised. Constants k and h and Qe capacity were tabulated for Pseudo second order model with highest Qe in the range of 20.36–22.52 for haematite loaded biochar nanomaterial. Hence, haematite based rice husk biochar nanostructure was employed as an efficient adsorbent for uptake of chromium.
... Triton-x (0.5%) and normal saline used as positive and negative control respectively. After incubation again centrifugation was carried out and this time supernatant was collected and dispensed in cuvettes for spectrophotometer (Nassar et al., 2023). ...
Antibiotic resistance is tricky enemy that challenges our healthcare system. It is a stealthy, adaptive and ever evolving opponent, which can take years to develop but can spread like wildfire. In this study, derivatives of chiral phthalimides were developed with this aim to control the growth of resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by targeting their resistance causing proteins and explore their binding interaction focal points through computational docking. Total 8 novel chiral phthalimides were synthesized and its antibiogram analysis was done on Muller-Hinton Agar by disc diffusion method. Cytotoxicity studies were made to check efficacy of tested compounds on human RBCs and monitor release of hemoglobin absorbance at 540nm. By using in silico molecular approach, crystal structure of target protein was retrieved from Protein Data Bank and docked through Autodock vina and PyRx. The obtained results revealed that seven out of eight compounds have active inhibitory effects against virulent strains. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was measured for most potent compounds i.e., 2-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propanoic acid (compound 7) and 3-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl) propanoic acid (compound 8). Docking studies displayed a report of highest affinity binding points i.e., amino acids LYS315, ALA318, TYR150, THR262, HIS314 and ARG148 for compound 7 while ALA 318, LYS 315, ARG14 and ILE291 for compound 8.
... For DOX, characteristic bands at 1630 cm À 1 that corresponding to NÀ H bending vibrations were observed at 1617 cm À 1 , characteristic bands at 1427 cm À 1 that corresponding to CÀ C stretching vibrations were observed at 1409 cm À 1 , characteristic bands at 1010 cm À 1 that corresponding to CÀ O stretching vibration were observed at 1006 cm À 1 . Nassar et al. stated that the FT-IR spectrum of DOX showed multiple peaks at 1730 (CÀ O) and 1577 cm À 1 (NÀ H). [17] It was expressed that CÀ H and C=C vibrations of benzene ring, on DOX, correspond to 793 cm À 1 and a = CÀ H out of plane bending was also observed at 758 and 700 cm À 1 . [18] These peaks mentioned were also obtained in this study as 795, 763 and 707 cm À 1 , respectively. ...
In this study, doxorubicin (DOX) loaded polymeric micelles (PMs) were synthesized based on biodegradable poly(ϵ‐caprolactone)‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(ϵ‐caprolactone) (PCEC) triblock copolymers. So four parameters (shaking speed (rpm) X1, time of contact (hour) X2, amount of triethylamine (TEA) (μL) X3, DOX% X4) were optimized. Then by adding valspodar (PSC 833) or D‐α‐Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS 1000) to the formulations DOX/PSC 833‐PMs or DOX/TPGS 1000‐PMs were prepared by a nanoprecipitation method. The synthesized micelles exhibited high drug‐loading encapsulation efficiency (>78.98 %), high stability, and pH‐dependent drug release. The results showed that the encapsulation efficiencies were not compromised by co‐encapsulation of two agents. Finally, it was observed that the association of both DOX and PSC 833 or both DOX and TPGS 1000 within a single micelle formulation elicited the most soluble DOX as compared to DOX loaded formulations (DOX‐PMs) while using a lower amount of polymer compared to separated micelle formulations.
... high antibacterial activity was obtained for SA and EC [28]. Magnetic silica nanocomposites (MSNCs) showed potential applications in drug delivery agents and antibacterial activity [29]. ...
The recent research focused on the green synthesis of silicon dioxide nanoparticles, SiO2@Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi nanocomposites, and L-Arginine@SiO2@Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi nanocomposites using cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi as a new green polymeric surfactant. The structures of nanoparticles and nanocomposites were characterized by different spectroscopy and microscopy techniques. Nanoparticles and nanocomposites were utilized to determine the concentration of chromium, cadmium, and lead in COVID-19 patients using double-vortex-ultrasonic assisted surfactant enhanced dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. Mean recoveries of chromium, cadmium, and lead were obtained in the range of 86-98% with relative standard deviations below 4%. The advantages of the proposed method are green and novel polymer surfactant with low detection limit. Finally, antibacterial activities were investigated. The maximum inhibition zone of L-Arginine@SiO2@Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi nanocomposites was obtained for Staphylococcus Aureus (21.9±0.4 mm). L-Arginine@SiO2@Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi nanocomposites have low cytotoxicity against MCF-7 cancer cells. These results indicated the potential ability of L-Arginine@SiO2@Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi nanocomposites in the determination of metal concentrations in biological samples along with good antibacterial properties and cytotoxic properties. KEY WORDS: Green synthesis, Cellulose of Zizyphus Spina-Christi, Silicon dioxide nanoparticles, COVID-19, Biological activity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(2), 265-276. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i2.2
