Fig 7 - uploaded by Alexander Lisyansky
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The transmittance (blue line) and the normalized Faraday rotation (red line) of a slab of a MPC for frequencies (a) below and (b) above the zero-width BG. BG regions are shaded.
Source publication
The Borrmann effect, which is related to the microscopic distribution of the
electromagnetic field inside the primitive cell, is studied in photonic and
magnetophotonic crystals. This effect, well-known in x-ray spectroscopy, is
responsible for the enhancement or suppression of various linear and nonlinear
optical effects when the incidence angle a...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... second BG is near the wavelength of 850 nm (Fig. 7). The zero-width BG is at 0 1 1 Fig. 7a the MPC has 0.4 α = + that corresponds to the situation below the zero-width BG, whereas in Fig. 7b the MPC has 0.4 α = − that corresponds to the situation above the zero-width BG. As Fig. 7 shows, crossing of the zero-width BG is accompanied by the inversion of the Borrmann effect, as predicted ...
Context 2
... second BG is near the wavelength of 850 nm (Fig. 7). The zero-width BG is at 0 1 1 Fig. 7a the MPC has 0.4 α = + that corresponds to the situation below the zero-width BG, whereas in Fig. 7b the MPC has 0.4 α = − that corresponds to the situation above the zero-width BG. As Fig. 7 shows, crossing of the zero-width BG is accompanied by the inversion of the Borrmann effect, as predicted in this ...
Context 3
... second BG is near the wavelength of 850 nm (Fig. 7). The zero-width BG is at 0 1 1 Fig. 7a the MPC has 0.4 α = + that corresponds to the situation below the zero-width BG, whereas in Fig. 7b the MPC has 0.4 α = − that corresponds to the situation above the zero-width BG. As Fig. 7 shows, crossing of the zero-width BG is accompanied by the inversion of the Borrmann effect, as predicted in this ...
Context 4
... second BG is near the wavelength of 850 nm (Fig. 7). The zero-width BG is at 0 1 1 Fig. 7a the MPC has 0.4 α = + that corresponds to the situation below the zero-width BG, whereas in Fig. 7b the MPC has 0.4 α = − that corresponds to the situation above the zero-width BG. As Fig. 7 shows, crossing of the zero-width BG is accompanied by the inversion of the Borrmann effect, as predicted in this ...
Citations
... The temporal coupled-mode theory allows a unified description of the properties of the Fano resonance. Various new physical mechanisms such as EIT [67,68] and the Kerker effect [69] with coupled resonant modes are introduced in metasurfaces for demonstrating and controlling the Fano line-shaped resonances. ...
The unique electromagnetic response characteristics of metasurfaces and their intrinsic physical mechanisms have attracted a lot of attention. With the help of metasurfaces, the amplitude, phase, polarization, and other information of light waves can be effectively modulated. Fano resonance with asymmetric and sharp line shape is sensitive to refractive index changes in the environment, it can be realized through the structure design of the metasurface. Terahertz wave is located between microwave and infrared waves and can be used in the fields of high-sensitivity detection, high-precision imaging, and wireless communication. Terahertz metasurface with sharp Fano resonance is promising in realizing highly sensitive detection of biological macromolecules, such as glioma cells and other substances, which has attracted more and more attention. Here we review the progress of passive or active terahertz metasurfaces with Fano resonances due to various operation mechanisms and their applications in sensitive sensing.
... A well-known effect of that type in X-ray crystallography, called the Borrmann effect, is the anomalous transmission of waves across a crystal slab at the Bragg frequency [9,10]. More recently, a similar anomalous transmission was observed in photonic crystals [11][12][13]. In these works, a light wave is sent on a slab made of successive pairs of layers made of a high-absorbing and a low-absorbing material. ...
... Moreover, the exceptional point approach of the effect allows us to show that a similar transmission peak can be obtained at the edge of a band-gap of a lossless periodic medium by placing resistive sheets at the velocity nodes of the eigensolution of the problem. This complements similar observations in photonic crystals [11][12][13] by providing a constructive way of obtaining a Borrmann anomalous transmission and relating it to the topological properties of the system. ...
This work investigates anomalous transmission effects in periodic dissipative media, which is identified as an acoustic analogue of the Borrmann effect. For this, the scattering of acoustic waves on a set of equidistant resistive sheets is considered. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that at the Bragg frequency of the system, the transmission coefficient is significantly higher than at other frequencies. The optimal conditions are identified: one needs a large number of sheets, which induce a very narrow peak, and the resistive sheets must be very thin compared to the wavelength, which gives the highest maximal transmission. Using the transfer matrix formalism, it is shown that this effect occurs when the two eigenvalues of the transfer matrix coalesce, i.e. at an exceptional point. Exploiting this algebraic condition, it is possible to obtain similar anomalous transmission peaks in more general periodic media. In particular, the system can be tuned to show a peak at an arbitrary long wavelength.
... However, when four plasma array layers are activated [red points in Fig. 6(a)], the transmission at 121.4 GHz is a factor of 7.3 higher than that for the same crystal in the absence of plasma. As noted earlier, this plasma-induced increase in PPC transmission, known as the Borrmann effect, 21,22,29,30 is insufficient to overcome the insertion loss of the crystal, but it does bring the PPC closer to full transparency. The Borrmann effect bears a resemblance to electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT, Ref. 31), and arises from Bragg diffraction in lossy crystals. ...
Inexorable demand for increasing bandwidth is driving future wireless communications systems into the 100 GHz–1 THz region, thereby fueling demand for new sources and modulators but also complementary devices such as resonators, phase shifters, and filters. Few such devices exist at present, and the electromagnetic properties of those available at millimeter-wavelengths are generally fixed and characterized by broad (i.e., low Q) resonances. We introduce a class of 3D plasma/metal/dielectric photonic crystals (PPCs), operating in the 120–170 GHz spectral range, that are dynamic (tunable and reconfigurable at electronic speeds) and possess attenuation and transmission resonances with bandwidths below 50 MHz. Interference between sublattices of the crystal, which controls the resonance line shapes, is manipulated through the crystal structure. Incorporating Bragg arrays of low-temperature plasma microcolumns into a dielectric/metal scaffold that is itself a static crystal forms two interwoven and electromagnetically coupled crystals. Plasma-scaffold lattices produce multiple, narrowband attenuation resonances that shift monotonically to higher frequencies by as much as 1.6 GHz with increasing plasma electron density. Controlling the longitudinal geometry of the PPC through electronic activation of successive Bragg planes of plasma columns reveals an unexpected double-crystal symmetry interaction at 138.4 GHz and resonance Q values above 5100. The introduction of point or line defects into plasma column/polymer/metal crystals increases transparency at resonances of the scaffold (Borrmann effect) and yields Fano line shapes characteristic of coupled resonators. The experimental results suggest the suitability of PPC-based metamaterials for applications including multichannel communications, millimeter-wave spectroscopy, and fundamental studies of multiple, coupled resonators.
... The microscopic origin of the Fano resonance arises from the constructive and destructive interference of a narrow discrete resonance with a broad spectral line or continuum. Subsequent to its discovery, there have been a great number of studies devoted to Fano resonances in various quantum systems, such as quantum dots, nanowires and tunnel junctions [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] . ...
Fano resonance is a unique feature of interacting quantum systems, exhibiting resonance shapes distinctively different from conventional symmetric resonance curves. Recently, Fano resonances have been found in plasmonic nanoparticles, photonic crystals, and electromagnetic metamaterials. Here we report Fano-like photoluminiscence curves in nanodiamond solutions as a result of incoherent combination of two or more scattering and fluorescence processes. We argue that, analogously to Fano resonances, the steep asymmetric dispersion of the photoluminiscence profile in nanodiamond solutions, in combination with biologically-compatible spectral features characterizing nanodiamond fluorescence, can find promising biometric applications in several areas such as bio-sensors, bio-switches and bio-filters.
... Experimentally it was confirmed for circularly polarized light in cholesteric liquid crystals [21] and ones with an admixture of dichroic molecules [22][23][24][25][26]. Besides, the Borrmann effect may appear in higher dimensional PhC structures such as two-dimensional (2D) PhC [27] and metalinfiltrated opals [28,29]. It is worth noting that localization of light in high refractive index layers at the long wavelength PBG edge can be inverted in high-contrast PhC leading to inverse Borrmann-like effect [30]. Anomalous transmission is possible as well in periodic media with modulation of losses and a homogeneous real part of the refractive index, as was revealed in optics [31] and acoustics [32]. ...
... The Borrmann effect allows one to minimize the optical absorption at definite wavelengths and thus to amplify optical and nonlinear optical effects. Good examples here are the enhancement of the Faraday effect in 1D magnetophotonic crystals due to the reduction of the absorption in magnetoactive layers [30,33,34], and of self-focusing in 1D nonlinear PhC consisting of alternating linear and nonlinear layers [35]. ...
We present experimental and theoretical studies of the anomalous high transmission of light (the Borrmann effect) under the Laue diffraction in a one-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC) characterized by spatial modulation of both refractive index and absorption. We show that a strong modulation of the refractive index along with the large PhC period provide new features of the Borrmann effect as compared to the well-known x-ray Borrmann effect in crystals appearing in PhC wavelength-angular transmission spectra. Namely, the maximal transmission is attained at the Bragg angles of incidence and corresponds alternatively to even or odd orders of the Bragg angles depending on the light wavelength. Second, a dramatic decrease of the angular width of the high transmission areas in the spectrum appear near the diabolic points. According to our description, this effect can be treated as a result of the topological phase transition accompanied by exchange of the parity of spatial distribution of the electromagnetic field of the two eigenmodes experiencing degeneracy. We demonstrate that these peculiarities are inherent to the PhC with the optical losses located in layers with higher refractive index, and disappear if the losses are specific for the PhC layers with lower refractive index. The suggested underlying mechanism involves the contribution of the waveguide PhC modes to the PhC transmission spectra.
... For instance, slow-light enhanced light-matter interactions have been proposed for increasing the sensitivity of optical gyroscopes [50,71,62,81,69], enhancing rotary photon drag and image rotation based on a mechanical analog of the magnetic Faraday effect [22,58,60,31,87,88], and enhancing magneto-optical (MO) effects, such as Faraday or Kerr rotation [94,93,4,36,83], which are important in applications using optical isolators, circulators, or other nonreciprocal devices [94,64,21,28,51,52]. For instance, the enhancement of MO effects in multilayered structures such as one-dimensional magnetic photonic crystals (see [83]) has been attributed to: (i) the localization of light near a defect and to those defect states (guided modes) with a high Q-factor (quality factor) associated with resonant transmission anomalies [39,40,80,78,79,37]; (ii) the enhanced light-matter interaction of slow light due to the low group velocity increasing interaction time [93,4]; (iii) the Borrmann effect in photonic crystals, specifically relating to the frequency-dependent field redistribution and enhancement inside a photonic crystal unit cell [32,18,66,44,82]. ...
Scattering of electromagnetic fields by a defect layer embedded in a
slow-light periodically layered ambient medium exhibits phenomena markedly
different from typical scattering problems. In a slow-light medium, constructed
by Figotin and Vitebskiy, the energy velocity of a propagating mode in one
direction slows to zero, creating a "frozen mode" at a single frequency within
a pass band, where the dispersion relation possesses a flat inflection point.
The slow-light regime is characterized by a $3\!\times\!3$ Jordan block of the
log of the $4\!\times\!4$ monodromy matrix for EM fields in a periodic medium
at special frequency and parallel wavevector. The scattering problem breaks
down as the 2D rightward and leftward mode spaces intersect in the frozen mode
and therefore span only a 3D subspace $\mathring V$ of the 4D space of EM
fields.
Analysis of pathological scattering near the slow-light frequency and
wavevector is based on the interaction between the flux-unitary transfer matrix
$T$ across the defect layer and the projections to the rightward and leftward
spaces, which blow up as Laurent-Puiseux series. Two distinct cases emerge: the
generic, non-resonant case when $T$ does not map $\mathring V$ to itself and
the quadratically growing mode is excited; and the resonant case, when
$\mathring V$ is invariant under $T$ and a guided frozen mode is resonantly
excited.
... Although the enhancement of non-reciprocal effects, such as Faraday rotation, can be achieved via resonance conditions (see, for example [26][27][28] and references therein), the same resonance conditions also enhance the absorption, which can ruin the performance of almost any nonreciprocal device. Here we have shown that the use of a judiciously balanced gain and loss unit shown in Fig. 1, or its equivalent, can simultaneously solve two fundamental problems. ...
We demonstrate that the interplay of a magneto-optical layer sandwiched between two judiciously balanced gain and loss layers which are both birefringent with misaligned in-plane anisotropy, induces unidirectional electromagnetic modes. Embedding one such optically active non-reciprocal unit between a pair of birefringent Bragg reflectors, results in an exceptionally strong asymmetry in light transmission. Remarkably, such asymmetry persists regardless of the incident light polarization. This photonic architecture may be used as the building block for chip-scale non-reciprocal devices such as optical isolators and circulators.
... This feature allows PCs to be used as filters, dielectric mirrors, reflective walls of resonators and waveguides [34,35]. Near the boundaries of Brillouin BGs such effects as near-zero group velocity of the Bloch waves [36] and the Borrmann effect [37][38][39][40][41][42] also manifest themselves. This last consists in a spatial redistribution of the energy of a Bloch wave in a PC primitive cell: at the top and bottom frequencies of a Brillouin BG most of the electromagnetic energy of a wave concentrates in different locations inside a primitive cell, either in materials of high or low permittivity. ...
... This last consists in a spatial redistribution of the energy of a Bloch wave in a PC primitive cell: at the top and bottom frequencies of a Brillouin BG most of the electromagnetic energy of a wave concentrates in different locations inside a primitive cell, either in materials of high or low permittivity. For more details see the corresponding subsection or the references [37][38][39][40][41][42]. ...
... Another group of PC applications is based on the possibility of controlling the field distribution in a primitive cell by varying the incidence angle and/or the light frequency. The effect of a field-redistribution inside a PC unit cell depending on optical frequency is called optical Borrmann effect [37][38][39][40][41][42]. Under certain conditions the variation of the frequency can shift the nodes and antinodes of the electromagnetic field distribution to desired locations inside the primitive cell. ...
In the review, peculiarities of spectra of one-dimensional photonic crystals made of anisotropic and/or magnetooptic materials are considered. The attention is focused on band gaps of a special type-the so called degenerate band gaps which are degenerate with respect to polarization. Mechanisms of formation and properties of these band gaps are analyzed. Peculiarities of spectra of photonic crystals that arise due to the linkage between band gaps are discussed. Particularly, it is shown that formation of a frozen mode is caused by linkage between Brillouin and degenerate band gaps. Also, existence of the optical Borrmann effect at the boundaries of degenerate band gaps and optical Tamm states at the frequencies of degenerate band gaps are analyzed.
