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The size of the shoulder angle on the left and right side expressed in degrees ( o ) in long, medium and short distance runners with top results.
Source publication
The research was conducted at the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Niš and during the regular athletic trainings of the Athletic Association of Serbia, on a group of athletes which consisted of 26 male individuals with top results in particular disciplines. The determination of the shoulder angle (SA) was carried out between the line that...
Citations
... The diameters were determined in the digital program ImageJ [31] on the digital photoFigures taken of the participants in the frontal aspect with a "Casio FX". camera; the camera was set up at the necessary height and distance from the participant, always in the same way and under the same conditions [32,33]. Reliability of digitalization of the body images using ImageJ become dominant during the past 10 years; digital imaging applied in anthropometry is important for understanding the human body and posture (34). ...
The research was carried out on a sample of 26 elite Serbian track and field athletes (age 20.3±4,45yrs; height181±7,81cm; weight 73,7±14,15kg, BMI 22,4±3,21kg/cm²), 13 swimmers (age 17±2,47yrs; height 178,3±8,24cm; weight 68,7±11,03kg; BMI 21,5±1,98kg/m²) and 30 students of the Faculty of Sport and Physical Education in Niš (age 20,3±0,13yrs; height 180,1±1,56cm; weight 75,5±2,17kg; BMI 23,2±0,44kg/m²), all males, attending their first year at university (30), with the aim of determining their somatotype and body composition. The obtained results have confirmedthat in the case of the athletes, we found several somatotypes: the balanced mesomorphic and endo-mesomorphic (30,8%), a central somatotype and ecto-mesomorphic somatotype (11,5%) and to a significantly smaller percentage, meso-endomorphicand meso-ectomorphic components (7,7%). In the case of the swimmers, three types of somatotypes were found: the balancedmesomorphic (46,15%), ecto-mesomorphic (30,77%) and meso-ectomorphic (23,08%) which defined a homogenous group.The students were defined by all forms of somatotypes, except the endo-ectomorphic (meso-endomorphic (33,33%),endo-mesomorphic (23,33%), while the other types were found in a much smaller percentage, which determined theheterogeneity of the group. The analysis of the body composition has indicated that all three components are greater amongthe students compared to the track and field athletes and swimmers, that is, that the students weigh more than the athletes, andthe athletes weigh more than the swimmers. In the case of the track and field athletes, all three components are significantlygreater among the throwers compared to the runners and jumpers, whose values are smallest. In the case of the swimmers, it was determined that BF% and FBM are greater for the butterfly style, while the NFBM is smaller compared to the otherswimming styles. The multivariate analysis between the groups of athletes (track and field and swimmers) and the controlgroup (students) for the variables BF%, FBM, NFBM, did not show any statistically significant differences, although thesignificance of the difference was right on the borderline value (p=0.058). At the univariate level, a statistically significantdifference was noted between the group of athletes (track and field and swimmers) and the control group (students) for thevariables BF%, FBM, NFBM. A statistically significant greater difference (p<0,05) was noted for BF% and FBM in favor of the students, while for the NFBM there is no statistically significant difference, which indicates that greater weight is a consequence of the greater amount of fat tissue.
