Figure 6 - uploaded by Elham Sharif
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The secretion of NGAL and window of change from kidney injury to kidney failure. Note: The different anatomical structures of the nephron; Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin (NGAL) is secreted by the distal convoluted tubule in the early stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and Serum Creatinine (SCr) is secreted by the glomerulus later. Both are secreted because of kidney damage.
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Citations
... Standard markers, such as albuminuria and serum creatinine, are not very specific and are not sensitive enough to denote small alterations in renal function or to accurately reflect the destruction of renal tissue. Therefore, there is a need for fresh biomarkers that can detect the presence of DN, which are fast and accurate [16] [17]. Detecting DN in its early stages presents a challenge as a significant portion of kidney function must deteriorate before creatinine levels rise. ...
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the utility of serum Pentraxin-3 (PTX-3) as a biomarker for the early identification of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). A total of 90 participants, including 30 with T2DM and nephropathy, 30 with T2DM but without nephropathy, and 30 controls, were enrolled. Serum PTX-3 levels were measured, and correlations with clinical parameters were analyzed. The results revealed a significant elevation in serum PTX-3 levels in DN patients with T2DM. PTX-3 exhibited positive correlations with age, disease duration, blood urea, and serum creatinine, indicating its potential relevance to DN development and renal function. Conversely, non-significant negative correlations were observed with BMI and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). These findings suggest that serum PTX-3 could serve as a valuable biomarker for the early detection of diabetic nephropathy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, potentially aiding in timely intervention and improved patient care. Highlights : Serum PTX-3 levels significantly elevated in Type 2 Diabetes patients with nephropathy, highlighting its potential as an early diagnostic biomarker. Positive correlations observed between PTX-3, age, disease duration, blood urea, and serum creatinine, suggesting its relevance to DN development and renal function. Serum PTX-3 holds promise for timely identification of diabetic nephropathy, facilitating improved patient care. Keywords : Diabetic Nephropathy, Pentraxin-3, Type 2 Diabetes, Biomarker. Early Detection
... Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin is expressed in very minimal levels in numerous pathological and experimental-induced conditions in many organs and tissues such as liver, kidney, lungs, bone, brain, hearts, stomach, and colon (11) . Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin has been recognized as one of the most promising biomarkers of the early stages of kidney damage in DKD (10) . ...
... In physiological process, recent researches have proved that NGAL can trigger nephrogenesis by stimulating the conversion of mesenchymal cells into kidney epithelia. Serum NGAL increases in the very early stage of diabetic nephropathy and drops down as the disease develops (11) . we should pay more attention to the biomarkers of tubulointerstitial injury such as NGAL , which can contribute to the early diagnosis and treatment of DN patients (12) . ...
... Kaul et al (24) and Vijay et al (25) also agreed with our current findings and reported that NGAL level was significantly higher in diabetic individuals with albuminuria as comparing with healthy control. The study was disagreed with study done earlier by Sharif et al (11) (26) . The results showed that non significant negative Correlation between NGAL with age(r = -0.14) ...
Background: Diabetic nephropathy is an emerging clinical and public health challenge
... Serum NGAL increments in the early stage of DN and drops down as the ailment progressive. In another word, Serum NGAL relates inversely with the amount of albuminuria [13]. In this study, we evaluate the role of early detection power of serum biomarkers for finding of diabetic nephropathy in T2DM-patients. ...
Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is part of the greatest broadly known diabetic microvascular intricacies inducing around 40% of patients with type 2-diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Its advancements to end-stage renal disease (ESRD); the primary recognition of DN can be achieved with biomarkers of diabetes. This study evaluates the role of the power of the early biomarker recognition of DN in the T2DM serum.
Design and Methods: A case-control study, it included 90-people, and composed from both genders and age range of individual study was (40-69 years); which divided into 3-groups by using the urinary albumin/ creatinine ratio (ACR). Included 60-patients with T2DM without/with proteinuria, which also divided into 2-groups group I, normoalbuminuria (<30 mg/g) and group II, microalbuminuria (30–300 mg/g); Addition to 30-persons, healthy control group (<30 mg/g), (free from any disease); the assay was applied by turbidimetric/ biochromatic rate. In all groups, β-TP and NGAL which were estimated in serum and both biomarkers having the same methodology by quantitative enzyme immunoassay, (double-antibody sandwich).
Results: The serum β-TP and NGAL have significantly higher levels in diabetic patients with microalbuminuria (group II) as parallel with those with normoalbuminuria (group I) and healthy control, nevertheless their levels have no significant variance between group I and healthy control subjects.
Conclusions: Results of this suggest that serum β-TP and NGAL in diabetic patients with type 2, can be considered a valuable biomarker for early detection of DN.Keywords: Type 2-diabetes mellitus, Diabetic nephropathy, β-trace protein, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin
(PDF) Role Of Serum βTP And NGAL In Early Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 2 Diabes of Iraqi Patients. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/350124789_Role_Of_Serum_bTP_And_NGAL_In_Early_Diabetic_Nephropathy_in_Type_2_Diabes_of_Iraqi_Patients [accessed Apr 03 2021].
Background: Altered kidney structure and function is the most important evidence of diabetic nephropathy (DN), also known as diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and is an important cause of permanent renal impairment. Urinary albumin/creatinine proportion and glomerular filtration rate are utilised in ordinary work practise in the Republic of Iraq to detect DKD. These routine tests, on the other hand, do not always detect initial DN damage. In the current study, early kidney damage is detected by urine biomarker NGAL and Cystatin C, even if the patients do not show any symptoms. Research design and methods : This study used a cross-sectional design all 180 participant are female with type 2 diabetes mellitus the ages of 40 and 70. Were enrolled during the period between June 2021 to February in 2022. Those patients were attended to Diabetic center for admitted in the Teaching Hospitals of Wasit Governorate (Iraq). After taking informed consent from each. We chose n=67 NDKD and n=113 DKD (eGFR 60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 and uACR >30 mg/g) from the participants who were separated into two groups based on the ratio of eGFR to uACR. Results: The DKD group had significantly higher concentration of of NGAL and Cystatin C in urine than the NDKD group, according to the study's findings. In both groups with diabetes, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves where uNCR was known to be greater than uNCR for estimating eGFR/uACR were found to be better than uNCR for estimating eGFR/uACR, which gave the uNCR: AUC 0.973, (95%CI): (0.921, 1.000), Specificity 97%, Sensitivity 90 %, PPV 98%, NPV 93% with accuracy 93% and precision 98%, (log-rank test P=0.005). Conclusions: Urine markers such as NGAL and Cystatin C It may serve as a possible technique for detecting cases with a significant clinical suspicion of DKD, particularly if it is attributable to uACR.
