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The scatter plot between the actual and predicted values according to a multiple linear regression model. The black line is based on the data of all three cultivars according to measurement time and leaf position; the blue line is a regression line for O’Neal, the red line for Rebel, and the green line for Spring High
Source publication
Background
Blueberry is an attractive fruit due to its blue or purple-colored pigments with effective anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties. Accordingly, the demand for blueberry cultivation is rapidly increasing. However, various cultivars from different regions are cultivated without characterizing it.
Methods and results
We present a met...
Citations
... Each blueberry cultivar has its own response or characteristic adaptation to environments. Therefore, suitable growth conditions vary [9]. For this reason, the demand for nutrients depends on the plant species, the cultivar and the expected yields. ...
... For the quantification of the total chlorophyll index (SPAD), 10 leaves were taken from each of the 30 selected plants from branches located in the middle-third, which were fully expanded. The measurements were taken around 10 AM to avoid photoinhibition effect and guarantee leaves with high photosynthetic activity [9,26]. The measurements were taken with a SPAD-502 ® (Konica Minolta Camera Co., Osaka, Japan), reporting the average for each plant. ...
... The Biloxi and Victoria varieties presented low SPAD values. Han et al. [9] found that low SPAD values are typical in evergreen-type materials, where V. darrowii is used as a parent for hybridization. ...
In the Ericaceae family, blueberries are the most commercially important species. Estimating the nutritional and physiological status of plants is a common practice carried out by producers. However, conventional methods are destructive, costly and time consuming. In recent years, methodologies such as measurements with the SPAD chlorophyll index have become available, which has proven to be an easy, fast and non-destructive method for estimating chlorophyll, N and Mg contents in the field. Therefore, this research aimed to estimate variations in SPAD readings between varieties and to determine whether Chlorophyll Index (SPAD) values are associated with Nitrogen and Magnesium contents in blueberry plants (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) from the varieties ‘Biloxi’, ‘Legacy’ and ‘Victoria’ in the vegetative phase under the conditions in the municipality of Paipa-Boyacá (Colombia). The varieties presented statistical differences in the SPAD index values, with a linear correlation between the SPAD index and the contents of N and Mg with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.8 in the three varieties. This result confirmed the usefulness and importance of using SPAD as a nutrition management tool in the evaluated varieties based on the SPAD readings, with a subsequent relationship with the threshold values of the foliar N and Magnesium status under field conditions.
... The chlorophyll readings in the leaves of Andean blueberry at the beginning of the experiment (Tab. 1; Fig. 6) were comparable with the relative chlorophyll contents in leaves of deciduous Vaccinium species (Han et al., 2022;Retamal-Saldago et al., 2022). In the UNAL location, the relative chlorophyll contents in leaves tended to increase during the experiment (Fig. 6). ...
The Andean blueberry (Vaccinium meridionale Swartz) is a promising fruit crop that has gained importance in the market because of its nutritional and medicinal properties; however, there are few studies on the optimal conditions for growth and production. In this study, the vegetative growth of Andean blueberry plants was evaluated for 200 days in three sites at different altitudes in the Department of Cundinamarca (Colombia): municipality of San Francisco (1,885 m a.s.l.), Bogota (Universidad Nacional de Colombia - UNAL, 2,556 m a.s.l.), and Cruz Verde páramo (3,298 m a.s.l.). For the evaluation, 2-year-old plants were used that were propagated in vitro. The experiment had a repeated measures design, with 3 treatments (locations) and 5 data collection times, with destructive measurements at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Data for leaf area per plant, plant height, stem width, number of primary branches, branch length, and chlorophyll contents in leaves were taken. The tallest plants, with the largest leaf area and most dry matter, were found at the UNAL (2,556 m a.s.l.). Morphological and physiological variations were observed in response to each of the environments, with correlations between the growth variables and the environmental variables. The highest percentage distribution of dry matter in leaves was in the plants from the Cruz Verde páramo (3,298 m a.s.l.), while the percentage distribution of dry weight in the stem was higher in the plants from San Francisco (1,885 m a.s.l.). The percentage distribution of root dry weight was greater in the plants from San Francisco than those from other locations. The results indicated that the Andean blueberry plants had the most suitable conditions for vegetative growth at altitudes close to 2,556 m a.s.l.
... To guarantee a weekly water supply of 0.8 L/plant, a drip irrigation system was employed with a crown arrangement using 4 drippers of 1 L h -1 . Nutrition was managed following the recommendation of Hirzel (2013) To quantify the total chlorophyll index (SPAD), 30 plants were selected, 10 leaves were taken from the branches in the middle-third that were fully-expanded, and measurements were taken at 10 a.m. to avoid photoinhibition and leaves with low photosynthetic activity according to Deok Han et al. (2022a) and Deok Han et al. (2022b). The measurements were taken with a SPAD-502® (Konica Minolta Camera Co., Osaka, Japan), reporting the average for each plant. ...
... The leaves with light green tones were associated with low SPAD values, and dark green tones were associated with high SPAD values. Deok Han et al. (2022a) indicated that the SPAD value of leaves is related to maturity since leaves in the apical position are relatively immature, and leaves in the basal position are comparatively old, causing the total chlorophyll content to vary. Likewise, Castañeda et al. (2018) observed that, in Vitis vinifera plants, as leaves acquired darker green tones, the SPAD value increased. ...
Blueberries in the Ericaceae family are important, cultivable species for commercial and industrial purposes. Critical parameters for evaluating the nutritional and physiological status of plants include estimates of photosynthetic pigments such as chlorophylls; however, this is a destructive, expensive and time-consuming method that is not easily accessible for agricultural producers. For this reason, in recent years, several technological solutions have been made available, such as the SPAD-502 chlorophyll index meter, which has demonstrated efficiency in terms of rapid estimates of total chlorophyll content in the field. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the contents of chlorophylls a, b and total obtained with spectrophotometry and to determine the correlation with the non-destructive method (SPAD) in blueberry plant (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) cultivares Biloxi, Legacy and Victoria, in the vegetative phase under conditions of the municipality of Paipa-Boyaca (Colombia). The data obtained with the SPAD-502 ranged from 57.4 to 62.8 SPAD in the 'Victoria', 61.2 to 68.3 in the 'Biloxi', and 68.2 to 73.1 in the 'Legacy'. The content of chlorophylls a, b and total presented a positive and significant correlation with the SPAD index, with a correlation coefficient (r) greater than 0.91 and adjustment to simple linear regression models with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.90 in the three cultivars. This confirms the usefulness and importance of using SPAD for non-destructive estimation of chlorophyll content under field conditions.
