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In the current era, habitat degradation and fragmentations are a severe threat to the survival of the species in natural habitats. It is caused by ever-growing anthropogenic activities leading to an unprecedented rate of climate change. The red panda as an endangered species is no exception. However, limited studies have been done in the context of...
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... MaxEnt daha sonra bu iki olasılık değeri arasındaki oranı hesaplayarak, çalışma alanındaki her bir varlık noktası için bir türün varlığına ilişkin göreceli çevresel uygunluğu vermektedir(Elith vd. 2011, Tobgay 2019.MaxEnt, Gibbs Olasılık Dağılımlarına dayalı olarak aşağıdaki formülü kullanmaktadır. ...
... Other cores with high values were 2, 4, 21 and 26, indicating greater importance of these patches in maintaining connectivity within the network. Patches with lower centrality scores may also play an important role in maintaining connectivity to cores outside the landscape extent (Tobgay and Mahavik 2019). Furthermore, the centrality scores and area-weighted centrality suggested the potential of cores 2, 4, 6, 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 21, 26 and 28 to act as satellite cores (Fig. 5) and cores 7,8,11,12,14,16,19,20,22 and 23 to act as stepping stones (Fig. 6) for dispersal. ...
ContextConservation approaches focussed within protected areas (PAs) have proved successful for tiger (Panthera tigris) conservation in India, but India’s growing tiger population requires a landscape-level approach to ensure protection of both source populations and dispersing individuals. Thus, spatially explicit mapping of corridors to support existing metapopulations and provide opportunities for recolonization (i.e., stepping stones, satellite cores) are essential to guide conservation and management planning.Objective
We aimed to model functional connectivity for dispersal and natural colonization of tigers in Central India, and validate our predictions using movement data of translocated tigers in the region.Methods
We first mapped 28 forest patches in the Greater Panna Landscape (GPL) in Central India. Using a resistance surface, we modelled connectivity with least cost path analysis and circuit theory. Centrality scores and pinch-points were calculated, enabling identification of stepping stones and satellite cores. We validated the predicted corridors through spatial path randomization of independent tiger telemetry data.ResultsWe identified 67 corridor links, 10 stepping stones and 11 satellite cores. Validation confirmed high prediction accuracy, with empirical dispersal paths having mean connectivity values higher than 70% to 98% of the randomised paths.Conclusion
Functional connectivity assessment in heterogeneous landscapes can benefit from deploying multiple connectivity methods and empirical validation. Our analysis identified corridors, stepping stones and satellite cores that were consistent between multiple connectivity modelling methods and strongly reflected actual observed patterns of tiger dispersal in this landscape. These “consensus” areas provide useful insights for spatial planning for tiger conservation at landscape level.
... Lack of awareness about the red panda, especially among farmers, monks, road workers and students was also identified as one of the prominent threats [13]. Red panda also faces the threats of habitat deterioration under the influence of climate change [38]. Poaching of red pandas, however, is not a serious threat to red pandas in Bhutan with no record of red panda being poached or seized so far [18]. ...
Red panda Ailurus fulgens is a threatened mammalian species endemic to the eastern Himalayas. In Bhutan, the red panda is distributed across the country’s temperate forests, covering 19 of the 20 districts within an elevation range of 1500–4300 m, with potential habitat of 10,971.2 km², which is 28.57% of the total country area. The country’s Forests and Nature Conservation Act 1995 strictly protects the species by listing the red panda under Schedule I and cultural values build reverence and protection to the species by local communities. Yet, conservation actions and research are limited and anthropogenic threats are on the rise which makes the red panda vulnerable in its natural habitat. Mitigating the threats, enhancing awareness education and building scientific knowledge on the red panda through research will help strengthen the conservation of the red panda in Bhutan.
