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Part of the Niger Delta development question is the increasing concerns over the governance and utilization of all the revenue accruing and available for the development of oil-bearing communities in the region. The 13% derivation fund is a benefit-sharing system that helps concerned communities generate funds to restore aspects of their society af...
Citations
... The jubilation was in recognition of the economic benefits of derivation being an oil-producing community these resources are expected to command (Babalola, 2022). No doubt Niger Delta states enjoyed 13% derivation from sales of oil and gas extracted from their states as acknowledged in section 162 (2) of Nigeria's 1999 constitution (Emmanuel and Sofiri, 2020). The benefits comes in billions which Emmanuel and Sofiri (2020) alleged that it was mainly to cushion the effects of the destructions resulting from oil and gas exploration, as well as to recompense oil producing communities for divesting them of their proprietary right. ...
... No doubt Niger Delta states enjoyed 13% derivation from sales of oil and gas extracted from their states as acknowledged in section 162 (2) of Nigeria's 1999 constitution (Emmanuel and Sofiri, 2020). The benefits comes in billions which Emmanuel and Sofiri (2020) alleged that it was mainly to cushion the effects of the destructions resulting from oil and gas exploration, as well as to recompense oil producing communities for divesting them of their proprietary right. Corroborating this is Ebiri, (2019) who states that derivation is a financial incentive disbursed to oil producing communities as a way to encourage them to create a more enabling environment for more production of crude oil and gas. ...
il and gas extraction generates economic benefits, which leads to jubilation among the people of Kolmani. However, the lack of awareness regarding the detrimental environmental consequences of unsustainable oil and gas extraction renders this jubilation worthless. It is on this drawback that this review paper presents experiences of the environmentally unsustainable impact of oil and gas extractions pictorially, in order to build a sense of environmental safety, consciousness, and a desire for a sustainable environment. To achieve this, experiences of the Niger Delta expressed through militancy where militants attacked oil and gas installations, a response to the feelings of being exploited and demanded a share of the revenue, kidnapping, and hostage-taking, a tactic in getting the government to address their grievances, secure release of detained members and for ransom, vandalization of oil and gas installations a consistent strategy used to command government attention, oil bunkering an illegally siphoning oil from the pipelines, loss of livelihood sources affecting the social and economic lives of the people, the degraded environment which posed health risks and reduced biodiversity, and water pollution which contaminate the drinking water and harmed the aquatic life were reviewed and presented pictorially. It is therefore concluded that environmental safety and sustainability are essential for present and future generations and recommend ways to protect the environment from oil and gas activities, such as community awareness, conflict resolution, regulatory enforcement, and environmental impact assessment.
... There is nowhere this resonates more than in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria, infamous for the level of ongoing environmental justice and pollution issues. Indigenes lament that they do not reap the benefits of the oil wealth in their land (Nwakanma and Joab-Peterside 2020;Orogun 2010). The many levels of deprivation experienced by the indigenes of the Niger Delta is a classic case of environmental injustice. ...
There are interactions and feedbacks between air pollution as a driver of environmental change, climate change, and overall ecosystem health. Air pollution is a major environmental problem, particularly in developing countries where regulations may be lax. This paper explores the nexus between air pollution, climate change and overall ecosystem health in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. It brings novelty by exploring these issues with an environmental justice lens. This is particularly pertinent due to the ecological sensitiveness of the region and the high dependence of the indigenes on the land and water. The region’s ecosystem is becoming more and more threatened as pollution increases and the climate changes further. Nigeria’s position as the largest oil producer in Africa and the sixth largest in the world is due to the oil and gas reserves of its Niger Delta region. The irony becomes that while the region is the mainstay of the Nigerian economy or is a source of national ‘good’, they have received in return only environmental ‘bads’. The many levels of deprivation experienced by the indigenes of the Niger Delta is a classic case of environmental injustice where the region disproportionately bears a much higher burden of air, land, and water pollution in comparison to other parts of the country. Gas flaring, fossil fuel burning, artisanal refining of crude, and transportation are found to be the main sources of air pollution in the locality. Mitigating air pollution and the attendant impacts requires urgent action and concerted effort at the individual, local and national levels. This paper provides recommendations in this regard.
