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Hemangioma, the most common benign vascular tumor, not only affects the appearance and psychology but also has a life-threatening potential. It is considered that clonal vascular endothelial cell proliferation and excessive angiogenesis are responsible for hemangioma pathogenesis, in which abnormal cytokines/pathways are closely implicated, primari...
Citations
... After the age of one year, the natural evolution is towards stagnation and spontaneous regression, so that after the age of 5 or 6 years they can slowly and completely involute. 2 The bad news is that, when they are located on the face, genitals, hand or flexion regions, the increase in size of the hemangioma can affect the functionality of the nearby organ, with the appearance of serious complications; approximately 1-2% of all hemangiomas are life threatening. 3 Also, the rapid increase in size can be complicated by ulceration, infection, repetitive bleeding, pain, functional impairment or permanent disfigurement, and if the localization is multiple (more than five) or affects the internal organs (liver or gastrointestinal tract), complications such as heart failure or intravascular coagulation can occur. ...
... 3 Also, the rapid increase in size can be complicated by ulceration, infection, repetitive bleeding, pain, functional impairment or permanent disfigurement, and if the localization is multiple (more than five) or affects the internal organs (liver or gastrointestinal tract), complications such as heart failure or intravascular coagulation can occur. [2][3][4][5] If visceral hemangiomas are suspected, evaluation utilizing ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, angiography or computed tomographic imaging will differentiate a benign lesion from a malignant process. 6 In such cases, the standard medical or surgical treatment, according to the protocols of the respective hospital, must be applied, while the remainders of the affected children live with their ugly lesion for 5-9 years until the tumor involutes. ...
... 26 VEGF binds to tyrosine kinase receptors (RTKs) and promotes the activity of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs), mediating mitogenic signals via VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. 2 The decreased level of VEGFR1 in endothelial cells facilitates VEGFR2 persistent activation in IH. The combination of VEGFR2 and VEGF triggers specific signals and stimulates endothelial cell proliferation and induces more angiogenesis. ...
Hemangiomas are vascular tumors resulting from the proliferation of endothelial-like cells; they are the most common childhood tumors, affecting approximately 5–10% of newborns and infants. Besides hemangiomas, which are definitely benign tumors despite their overgrowth potential, there are other vascular tumors like hemangioendotheliomas, which may display intermediate characteristics between benign hemangiomas and highly malignant angiosarcomas. Standard therapy may be constricted by serious adverse effects, high cost, or traumatic influence. Diet is a major resource for health preservation, disease prevention, and treatment. The therapeutic property of edible berries, marine products, or medicinal plants have long been known and used in traditional medicine; a plant-based nutrition can prevent the development and progression of diseases associated with extensive neo-vascularization. The purpose of our review is to highlight those natural treatments that hemangioma and vascular tumor patients can receive in the future, both for their benefit and that of their families. We performed the review according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Metanalysis Statement. We used the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE engines for the study, and searched for the association of hemangioma with naturopathic treatment/plant extract/plants in published articles. We found that natural extracts from plants and fruits are cost-effective and safe treatments for hemangiomas and vascular tumors, as well as for other forms of cancer. In any case, more in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to confirm the proposed signaling pathways in tumors and validate the improvement parameters after natural products administration. The era of molecularly targeted therapy and personalized medicine is approaching and naturally occurring substances are very useful tools for tumor treatment and prevention. Plant extract substances have strong specificity and pertinence, are non- toxic and have few side effects, and may become an emerging cancer treatment.
... Therefore, inhi-bition of tumor cell proliferation is considered as a promising cancer treatment strategy [75]. PCs have been found to have significant antitumor effects in breast cancer, lung cancer, hemangioma, colon cancer and other cancers [41,[76][77][78][79][80]. ...
Procyanidins, as a kind of dietary flavonoid, have excellent pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties, and so they can be used to treat various diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors, and obesity. Given the low bioavailability of procyanidins, great efforts have been made in drug delivery systems to address their limited use. Nowadays, the heavy burden of oral diseases such as dental caries, periodontitis, endodontic infections, etc., and their consequences on the patients’ quality of life indicate a strong need for developing effective therapies. Recent years, plenty of efforts are being made to develop more effective treatments. Therefore, this review summarized the latest researches on versatile effects and enhanced bioavailability of procyanidins resulting from innovative drug delivery systems, particularly focused on its potential against oral diseases.
... The lotus seedpod is an inedible part of the plant Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn [8]. Lotus seedpod is another important source of proanthocyanidins, as is grape seed [9]. Lotus seedpod proanthocyanidins (LSPCs) have been successfully extracted and characterized as a variety of molecules, including catechin/epicatechin monomers, dimers, trimers, and tetramers, as well as quercetin glucuronide [10]. ...
Background
Over-exposure to visible white light can cause retinal damage. Lotus seedpod proanthocyanidins (LSPCs) possess a variety of biological activities, including potent antioxidant and protective effects. Herein, this study observed whether LSPCs can protect against light exposure-induced retinal damage.
Material/Methods
We randomly separated 40 Prague-Dawley rats into a control group, a light exposure-induced retinal injury model group, and low-dose (50 mg/kg), medium-dose (100 mg/kg), and high-dose (100 mg/kg) LSPCs groups. Light-induced retinal damage models were established by 5000±200 Lx light treatment for 6 h. Five days and 0.5 h before the light treatment, rats in the LSPCs groups were separately administered 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg LSPCs by gavage. After 7 days, H&E staining of retinal sections was performed and the thickness of the ONL was measured. Oxidative stress-related markers and antioxidant enzymes were measured in serum by biochemical testing. TUNEL staining of retinal sections was also performed. Apoptosis-relevant proteins were examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. GFAP expression was examined with immunohistochemistry.
Results
Our H&E staining showed that LSPCs can prevent retinal degeneration following light exposure. Histological analysis showed a significant reduction in the ONL thickness of light exposure-induced retinal injury rats, but LSPCs substantially improved the ONL thickness. LSPCs markedly ameliorated the light-induced increase in levels of MDA, NO, and NOS, and decrease in activity of GSH-Px and SOD. Moreover, LSPCs treatment alleviated light-induced retinal apoptosis and limited the light-induced increase in GFAP expression.
Conclusions
LSPCs effectively attenuated light-induced retinal damage through antioxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and neuroprotective effects.
... Corticosteroids, which dramatically block the vasculogenic potential of HemSCs by directly inhibiting VEGF-A expression, are master regulators of angiogenesis and vasculogenesis (17)(18)(19). Propranolol, a β-blocker, suppresses the vasculogenic potential of HemSCs by reducing cAMP levels and simultaneously activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-extracellular signalregulated kinase (ERK) pathway (20). Sirolimus (rapamycin), an antifungal, antineoplastic, antibacterial macrolide drug and the most studied compound to treat vascular anomalies, directly targets the RAS-MAPK-ERK and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PIK3)/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathways in vascular malformations (4,(21)(22)(23)(24). ...
Hepatic hemangioma (HH) is a congenital vascular anomaly comprising networks of abnormal blood and/or lymphatic vessels with endothelial cell proliferation. Their pathophysiology is not fully understood, and no specific drug is available to treat them. Conservative management, which limits observation, is preferred for most patients. A HH larger than 4 cm is considered a giant HH that may be treated using surgery ranging from embolization to hepatic resection or liver transplantation. Here, we describe a case with multiple and giant HHs that regressed significantly after treatment with azithromycin (AZM). A systematic literature review of HH and the effects of AZM on angiogenesis was then conducted.
Proanthocyanidins (PCs) are natural antioxidant polyphenols and their effect on the regulation of blood lipids is still controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of PCs on lipid metabolism. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Chinese biomedical literature service system, China National Knowledge Internet, and Wanfang Data with no time restriction until March 18, 2022, using various forms of “proanthocyanidins” and “blood lipid” search terms. Randomized controlled trials investigating the relationship between PCs and lipid metabolism were included. The standard system of Cochrane Collaboration was used to assess the quality of studies. We standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the random‐effects model, Cohen approach. Seventeen studies (17 trials, N = 1138) fulfilled the eligibility criteria. PCs significantly reduced triglyceride, and increased recombinant apolipoprotein A1. Subgroup analysis showed a significant reduction in triglycerides in older adults (≥60 years) and total cholesterol for participants who were not overweight or obese (body mass index <24). An intervention duration of greater than 8 weeks reduced triglyceride and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol levels but increased high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol. Different doses of PCs could regulate triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol. PCs have beneficial effects on circulating lipids and may represent a new approach for treating or preventing lipid metabolism disorders. However, more high‐quality studies are needed to confirm these results.
