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The photoluminescence and absorbance characteristic of Alq3, Nile Red and PL spectrum of the mixture of Alq3:Nile Red film
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We have investigated a method to enhance the light emission efficiency and color tuning for mixture of dyes with varying the growth parameters, during Alq3:Nile Red deposition. We used solvent bath and green laser (532 nm) for improvement of the performance of devices. This paper presents two kind of evaporation method, periodic and gradient. We ob...
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... In recent years, organic electronics have consistently encountered a speedy advance in the commercial market (Ling et al. 2018;Wang et al. 2019;Ho et al. 2018). The most relevant, LED devices have been extensively studied due to their transparency, flexibility, durability and low production cost (Li et al. 2018;Lee et al. 2019;Lüder and Gerken 2019;Janghouri and Mohajerani 2019). ...
A combined theoretical and experimental study has been performed on four synthesized Schiff base complexes derived from ninhydrin–glycine ligand (NG) with Co(II), Zn(II), Al(III) and Fe(III) metal cations. The FT-IR spectra clearly showed that the complexes behave as tridentate monobasic ONO donor ligand. Furthermore, the energy levels of HOMO, LUMO levels and band gap were determined using the Density Functional Theory (DFT). The experimental and theoretical optical investigation showed that the complexes have good absorption in visible region and blue emission with a maximum emission wavelength located at 436 nm, 471 nm and 478 nm for Co–NG, Zn–NG and Al–NG, respectively. Moreover, based on Marcus theories, we estimated the rate of electron and hole charge transfer. As a result, Al–NG complex has the better electron and hole transport than the other complexes with Ket = 4.10 × 1014 and Kht = 4.86 × 1014, respectively. Finally, to predict the possibility of introducing the studied complexes in light emitting diode (LED) devices, the electron and hole injection barriers were estimated. The found results are interesting which make the studied complexes potential candidates for LED application.
Organic light emitters (OLEDs) work according to the principles of electroluminescence. These OLEDs are commercially available and can be used in smartphone and television displays due to their low power consumption, flexibility and higher brightness than inorganic de-vices. The copolymer based on 3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene (EDOT) and poly(N-vinylcarbazole) (PVK) was synthesized using previously published procedures. The copolymer was synthesized by an oxidative copolymerization reaction, while the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) density function theory method was used to perform quantum calculations. This paper presents the simulation results by SILVACO-TCAD simulation software of the PVK-PEDOT organic matrix with calcium as cathode and ITO as anode. The simulation is based on the distribution of the Langevin recombination model including the proposed structure, and the electrical and optical characteristics, such as current versus voltage, luminescence power, and current versus electric field for different thicknesses, and charge carrier densities of the emitting layer, as well as the I-V characteristics for different temperature values. The model presented here will be useful in the future for optimization of better electrical parameters.
Physical vapor deposition is used widely to produce organic electronics devices, in particular for OLEDs in smartphones, TVs and other display applications. Despite its long history, recent years have seen a number of surprising observations, such as deposition-induced emitter orientation and built-in electrostatic potentials in thin organic films. Modeling the details of these effects is complicated by the long time scales involved in the underlying processes. In this paper, we compare two different modeling approaches, which both aim to simulate the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process for small organic molecules. We compare a molecular dynamics approach, based on a classical bead-spring force field and time integration, with a Metropolis Monte Carlo approach, where the intramolecular degrees are limited to the torsional rotations. To analyze the resulting structures, we calculate the density and radial distribution functions (RDF) of all films. We observe a good agreement for the RDFs, but an approximately 10% higher density for the films generated by the molecular dynamics approach. Additionally, we investigate the anisotropic nature of such morphologies by calculating the ordinary and extra-ordinary refractive index for each material. Finally, we calculate electron and hole mobilities with an Kinetic Monte Carlo protocol.
In this work, chemical treatment was performed on the surfaces of two types of indium tin oxides (ITOs) with different physical properties. The effects of the chemical treatment on the physical parameters of the ITOs, and on the efficiency of the organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) fabricated on the ITOs, were then examined. The ITO substrates were characterized via X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, optical absorption, and electrical resistance measurement. The results showed that the chemical treatment exerted no significant changes on the structure and transparency of the wavelength of the light emitted from Alq3; however, the treatment improved the morphology and resistance of the ITOs examined. To serve the research purpose, the ITOs were first characterized, and then, the OLEDs were fabricated so that they would have a structure of Glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/Alq3/Al. The OLEDs were characterized current density, resistance, power, and irradiance as a function of the voltages. The results of the study showed decreases in the turn-on voltage (from 5.5 to 4 V for one of the OLEDs and 7 to 6 V for the other), resistance and power (for one of the ITOs), and irradiance (for one of the ITOs) due to the chemical treatment.
