Figure 4 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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The percentage of two dominations explains variability through principal components for 19 mRNA sequences related to heat shock proteins for the Solanum lycopersicum cultivar Heinz 1706, the right legend shows the contributions of variables to PCs. Dim1 expresses dimension 1 while Dim2 expresses dimension 2.
Source publication
This research aimed to investigate heat shock proteins in the tomato genome through the analysis of amino acids. The highest length among sequences was found in seq19 with 3534 base pairs. This seq19 was reported and contained a family of proteins known as HsfA that have a domain of transcriptional activation for tolerance to heat and other abiotic...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... component analysis is useful for identifying unknown trends in tomato genomes and simplifying the description of the tomato genome by analyzing the structure of the observations and variables. The two dominations in Figure 4 show the total variability for 19 mRNA sequences related to heat shock proteins. The first domination accounts for 80.5% of the total variance, while the second component accounts for 6.2% of the total variance. ...
Citations
... It has been demonstrated [129] that optimal and conserved codons modify the rate of translation elongation under heat stress conditions in A. thaliana plants. Furthermore, an intriguing study revealed a preference for the most common codons in the translation of heat shock proteins in tomato [130]. Using a rice model, a study demonstrated the correlation between certain triplets preference and the plant's adaptation and survival in drought conditions [131]. ...
The complexities of translational strategies make this stage of implementing genetic information one of the most challenging to comprehend and, simultaneously, perhaps the most engaging. It is evident that this diverse range of strategies results not only from a long evolutionary history, but is also of paramount importance for refining gene expression and metabolic modulation. This notion is particularly accurate for organisms that predominantly exhibit biochemical and physiological reactions with a lack of behavioural ones. Plants are a group of organisms that exhibit such features. Addressing unfavourable environmental conditions plays a pivotal role in plant physiology. This is particularly evident with the changing conditions of global warming and the irrevocable loss or depletion of natural ecosystems. In conceptual terms, the plant response to abiotic stress comprises a set of elaborate and intricate strategies. This is influenced by a range of abiotic factors that cause stressful conditions, and molecular genetic mechanisms that fine-tune metabolic pathways allowing the plant organism to overcome non-standard and non-optimal conditions. This review aims to focus on the current state of the art in the field of translational regulation in plants under abiotic stress conditions. Different regulatory elements and patterns are being assessed chronologically. We deem it important to focus on significant high-performance techniques for studying the genetic information dynamics during the translation phase.
... Another plant study [182] aims to investigate heat shock proteins in the tomato genome by analysing the codon abundance of various amino acids. The focus of this work is on the selected HsfA sequence (Accession No. NM 001247342.2 ...
... RSCU values corresponding to less than 0.5 were considered rare codons affecting the rate of translation. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the RSCU, RCBS, and MRCBS indices can be used to predict gene expression at various stages of tomato growth [182]. ...
The intricacies of translational strategies make this stage of the implementation of genetic information one of the most difficult to understand and, at the same time, perhaps the most interesting. It also becomes clear that all this variety of strategies is not just a consequence of a long evolutionary history but is of paramount importance for fine-tuning gene expression and metabolic modulation. This is especially true for those organisms that demonstrate predominantly biochemical and physiological reactions with a lack of behavioural ones. Plants are just such a group of organisms. Overcoming unfavourable environmental conditions occupies a key place in plant physiology. This is especially true with the changing conditions of global warming and the irretrievable loss or depletion of natural ecosystems. Conceptually, the response of plants to abiotic stress is a set of complex and intricate strategies. This is dictated both by a variety of abiotic factors that provoke stressful conditions and by a variety of molecular genetic mechanisms that make it possible to fine-tune the metabolic pathways through which the plant organism overcomes non-standard and non-optimal conditions. In the presented review, we tried to focus on the state-of-the-art in the field of translational regulation in plants under abiotic stress conditions. Various regulatory elements and patterns are considered in relative chronological order. We also considered it necessary to pay attention to key high-performance methods for studying the dynamics of genetic information at the stage of translation.
... Another plant study [178] aims to investigate heat shock proteins in the tomato genome by analysing the codon abundance of various amino acids. The focus of this work is on the selected HsfA sequence (Accession No. NM 001247342.2 ...
... RSCU values corresponding to less than 0.5 were considered rare codons affecting the rate of translation. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the RSCU, RCBS, and MRCBS indices can be used to predict gene expression at various stages of tomato growth [178]. ...
Stress is one of the important factors affecting the growth and development of plants. In recent years, a large body of data on transcriptional changes in response to stress in plants has been obtained. Despite the fact that the important role of the regulation of translation in response to stress has been proven in plants, knowledge in this area remains extremely scarce. In this review, we focused on mRNA translation in the cytoplasm of higher plants. Most of the current research on the effects of translation has been done in yeast and mammalian systems. Translation factors and mechanisms are mostly conserved among eukaryotes; however, some differences are known to exist among plants. A comprehensive understanding of the complex apparatus of translation and its regulation in plants is required. In this work, we have tried to update modern ideas about the regulation of translation under conditions of abiotic stress.
