The model of the homogeneous isotropic body in equilibrium, and distorted state. 

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Context 1

... an external stress is applied on an elastic body, it deforms to an extent that is determined by the elastic constants of the material under study. The strain and stress are related through elastic constants which defines hardness or softness of the material. In our study of compression-decompression cycle of protein layer we will employ the knowledge of stress-starin relationship to calculate elastic constants. The layer on the whole is continuous but not crystalline and protein molecules could flo w along the layer under stress [5]. Though the layer is compressed in a given direction which is parpaendicualr to the lenght of the moving barrier, the protein molecules experience compression from the neighbouring protein molecules from all direction in the plane of layer. On compression the protein molecules experiences lateral compressional stress. As a result molecules expands in vertical direction. A representative small cubical speciman demonstrates the expansion of the layer in vertical direction as shown in figure 3. The lenght scale of the specimen is much larger than the size of protein molecules so that the internal structure of the molecule can be ignored. It should however be noted that depction of the protein layer in figure 3 is not applicable after the layer buckels into wrinkles and folds. In our experiment the thickness is averaged over the the size of x-ray beam (1 mm 5 mm) falling on the specimen, surface pressure is averaged over the boundary of the Wilhelmi plate (2cm) and the direct image is averaged over lateral resolution (1 micron) of BAM. All these lenght scales are much bigger than the size of protein molecule. Therefore we are justfied to consider the layer as homogeneous elastic medium ignoring the structure of protein. The discussion on the elastic properties of the layer can be represented by a compression of rectangular block without losing the generality. The compression of layer in ractangular trough can be represented with a representative rectangular parallelopiped under compression since the rectangular boundary of the Langmuir trough imposes pressure on the molecules in contact with it.The molecules, then, transmit the pressure to nearby molecules and so on. Thus the specimen is subject to lateral prossure from x and y directions as showm in the figure 3. The surface pressure (force/unit lenght) is a two-dimnetional analogue of hydrostatic pressire (force/unit area). The force per unit lenght (surface pressure ) can be converted to force perce per unit area ( stress x or y ) since we know the thickness of the layer.The pressure or stress is related to surface pressure by the following ...

Context 2

... an external stress is applied on an elastic body, it deforms to an extent that is determined by the elastic constants of the material under study. The strain and stress are related through elastic constants which defines hardness or softness of the material. In our study of compression-decompression cycle of protein layer we will employ the knowledge of stress-starin relationship to calculate elastic constants. The layer on the whole is continuous but not crystalline and protein molecules could flo w along the layer under stress [5]. Though the layer is compressed in a given direction which is parpaendicualr to the lenght of the moving barrier, the protein molecules experience compression from the neighbouring protein molecules from all direction in the plane of layer. On compression the protein molecules experiences lateral compressional stress. As a result molecules expands in vertical direction. A representative small cubical speciman demonstrates the expansion of the layer in vertical direction as shown in figure 3. The lenght scale of the specimen is much larger than the size of protein molecules so that the internal structure of the molecule can be ignored. It should however be noted that depction of the protein layer in figure 3 is not applicable after the layer buckels into wrinkles and folds. In our experiment the thickness is averaged over the the size of x-ray beam (1 mm 5 mm) falling on the specimen, surface pressure is averaged over the boundary of the Wilhelmi plate (2cm) and the direct image is averaged over lateral resolution (1 micron) of BAM. All these lenght scales are much bigger than the size of protein molecule. Therefore we are justfied to consider the layer as homogeneous elastic medium ignoring the structure of protein. The discussion on the elastic properties of the layer can be represented by a compression of rectangular block without losing the generality. The compression of layer in ractangular trough can be represented with a representative rectangular parallelopiped under compression since the rectangular boundary of the Langmuir trough imposes pressure on the molecules in contact with it.The molecules, then, transmit the pressure to nearby molecules and so on. Thus the specimen is subject to lateral prossure from x and y directions as showm in the figure 3. The surface pressure (force/unit lenght) is a two-dimnetional analogue of hydrostatic pressire (force/unit area). The force per unit lenght (surface pressure ) can be converted to force perce per unit area ( stress x or y ) since we know the thickness of the layer.The pressure or stress is related to surface pressure by the following ...

Context 3

... a result molecules expands in vertical direction. A representative small cubical speciman demonstrates the expansion of the layer in vertical direction as shown in figure 3. The lenght scale of the specimen is much larger than the size of protein molecules so that the internal structure of the molecule can be ignored. ...

Context 4

... representative small cubical speciman demonstrates the expansion of the layer in vertical direction as shown in figure 3. The lenght scale of the specimen is much larger than the size of protein molecules so that the internal structure of the molecule can be ignored. It should however be noted that depction of the protein layer in figure 3 is not applicable after the layer buckels into wrinkles and folds. In our experiment the thickness is averaged over the the size of x-ray beam (1 mm 5 mm) falling on the specimen, surface pressure is averaged over the boundary of the Wilhelmi plate (2cm) and the direct image is averaged over lateral resolution (1 micron) of BAM. ...