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Dental examination of a young female skeleton from medieval Istria revealed very short-roots of both maxillary central incisors. This developmental pathological condition is known in the literature as short-root anomaly, occurring mostly in maxillary incisors. In affected teeth, the crown:root ratio is 1:1.6. Although the prevalence of this conditi...
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Context 1
... the examination, a dental develop- mental pathological condition was recognised on both maxillary central incisors (Figure 1). The affected teeth have a normal crown shape and size, but very short, blunt roots. ...
Context 2
... the examination, a dental develop- mental pathological condition was recognised on both maxillary central incisors (Figure 1). The affected teeth have a normal crown shape and size, but very short, blunt roots. The mea- sured crown:root ratio is 1:1.5. A macroscopic inspection of teeth shows that -besides those unusual root forms-there is no evidence of other abnormalities or disturbances (Figure 2). This condition, occurring mostly in maxillary incisors, is known in the literature as short-root anomaly. Short-root anomaly (SRA) in maxillary central incisors has been described as short roots whose crown:root ratio exceeds 1:1.6 (Lind, 1972). Assessment of ratios has been shown to be less variable than absolute measurement (Brook & Holt, 1978). The prevalence of isolated short- rooted maxillary central incisors has been reported to be 2.4% to 2.7% in Caucasians (Jakobsson & Lind, 1973;Brook & Holt, 1978), while in Mongolian populations it is 10% ( Ando et al., 1967). In contrast, generalised root short- ening, a phenomenon in which almost all the permanent teeth are markedly shorter than nor- mal, is a very rare finding with only two cases reported (Edwards & Roberts, ...
Citations
... Rajić Šikanjić in 2006 reported short root anomaly of maxillary central incisors in young female skeleton from the medieval Istria. In affected teeth, the crown: root ratio was 1:1.6.This appears to be the first documented case of anomaly from the [14] medieval period. Prevalence of SRA seems to vary with ethnic background. ...
Short root anomaly (SRA) is a rare developmental anomaly in the permanent dentition. The
etiology of this condition is not well established, and no studies have reported the prevalence of
SRA in the adult population with fully developed dentitions. In SRA dentitions, an increased
tendency towards orthodontically induced root resorption is likely. Beneficial for successful
management of SRA is therefore an accurate pretreatment diagnosis. The present article is a
review of various short root anomaly reported cases and presentation of a case.
... Hincak (Hincak, Mihelić, Bugar, 2007a;Hincak, Drmić -Hofman, Mihelić, 2007.b) , Rajić Šikanjić (2006.;Rajić i Ujčić, 2003.;Rajić ...
The early mediaeval period in Croatia is rarely mentioned in historical sources. The development of society during this period was greatly influenced by formation of communities, within wich there were many inequalities. The social group one belonged to and its ordinance were the main factors in the material and spiritual life of mediaeval man. Within Croatia, during the Early Middle Ages the process of social disentigration and the formation of social groups/strata varied form area to area. However, it can be deduced that this process was quickest, and most complete in the most socially-developed area – the Eastern Adriatic coast.
This dissertation presents the results of an anthropological analysis of health and quality of life of Early Croats withinin the context of social status. The basic hypothesis of this paper is that people who belonged to different social groups also had different living conditions, which was reflected in their health, quality of life and life-span. Anindividual's social status was assesed using archaeological context, i.e. form of burial.The assumption was made that differences in status were reflected in the manner of the burial. The criteria used to determine social status were grave architecture and quantity and quality of grave finds and goods. In order to asses the health of the individuals anthropological methods were used. These methods included the assesment of age and sex, as well as the analyses of pathologies that leave traces on dry bones. The pathologies analysed in this paper include those that are considered to be indicators of subadult stress, dental caries andalveolar disease, as well as those that indicate hard physical labour, and frequency and distribution of trauma.
Anthropological analysis of the skeletal remains of individuals buried in the Dalmatia in the early mediaeval period show that the average life span was about 40 years, while men lived approximately 2 years longer than women, and as much as 20% of the population died before the age 15. Multivariate statistical methods showed that even though there were social inequalities in the early mediaeval society, the individuals belonging to higher ranking groups neither had better health nor lived longer. Using the method of log-linear analysis, it became evident that out of nine analysed pathologies, only the frequency of dental careis, alveolar disease, and trauma as the result of accidents were correlated to social status. On the other hand, what became evident is that sex had a much stronger impact on the health of an individual.
Results of the analyses carreid out in the course of this dissertation show that even though social disintegration did exist in the early mediaeval society, genderwas a much more important factor in life expectancy and quality than which social group an individual belonged to.
Key words: Health, Life quality, Social status, Early Middle Ages, Anthropological analysis, Multivariate statistical analysis
... According to Turp and Alt (1998), variations in the root size and form of permanent teeth are determined by separate hereditary factors; however , tooth germ distortion or injury by trauma is also a possible origin of short roots (Hillson, 2005). Other possible etiologies of root shortening have been discussed in detail elsewhere (see Šikanjić and Meštrović, 2006). The development of LO takes place when the onset of skeletal involvement due to leprosy begins at the age of dental root formation of the affected tooth (Roberts, 1986; Roberts and Manchester, 2005; Ortner, 2008b). ...
Leprogenic odontodysplasia (LO), also known as dens leprosus, consists of anomalous root development of the permanent upper incisors. This dental anomaly was first reported by Danielsen in 1968 among Danish juvenile skeletons from medieval leprosaria cemeteries. As yet, no clinical cases have been documented and the etiological and epidemiological significance of the condition are poorly understood. The aim of this study is to discuss a case of LO found amongst the skeletons from the St. Jørgen's leprosarium cemetery (13th–16th/17th centuries), housed in the ADBOU (Anthropological Database of Odense University), Southern Denmark University. A juvenile individual presents a dis-articulated maxillary right central incisor possessing a short root that shows a groove caused by marked constriction beginning approximately 1.5 mm above the neck. From this groove, the diameter decreas-es considerably until the apex. Atrophy of the anterior alveolar maxillary process, extending laterally from the central incisors to the canines, is also apparent. This individual exhibits additional rhinomax-illary lesions (e.g. absorption of the piriform margin including the anterior nasal spine) and foot chang-es (including phalangeal acro-osteolysis) compatible with a diagnosis of lepromatous leprosy. This case contributes to the debate about the significance of this rare condition, particularly in terms of its presence in Scandinavian skeletons from medieval leprosaria cemeteries. Possible interpretations are discussed, including the pathognomonic value of the specific lesion and whether it indicates early childhood onset of leprosy during the Middle Ages. The understanding of LO epidemiology and its relationship with leprosy will benefit from future clinical and skeletal studies.
Short root anomaly (SRA) is very rare, but can be problematic for physicians because patients with SRA are more vulnerable to root resorption with orthodontic forces. During the mixed dentition period, it may be difficult to diagnose generalized SRA. This article reports the treatment of an orthodontic patient with SRA at the early mixed dentition stage. Despite local tooth loss, a relatively favorable outcome was obtained without excessive root resorption. Ultimately, orthodontic therapy is possible for patients with generalized SRA, but precautions should be taken to avoid complications, such as tooth loss or root resorption.
Bioarchaeology studies human skeletal remains in order to reconstruct the lifestyles of past populations. The analyses under discussion have been carried out in Croatia for a number of years. This paper presents a review of the bioarchaeological research of Croatian mediaeval sites. It includes a list of analysed sites, as well as topics covered by the analyses.
The battle of Krbava Field AD 1493 was one of the goriest defeats in Croatian mediaeval history. Although outnumbered, the Ottoman army had managed to surround and defeat the Croatian forces. Historical sources mention a number of accounts of the savage manner of Ottoman warfare, which included mutilation of the dead and the imprisoned.
Archaeological site Udbina – Sveti Jakov is located within the range of 2 km from the Krbava Field. During the excavations in 2001-2003 a total of 139 skeletons had been recovered. Archaeological findings (jewlery) date the cemetery to 14th – 15th century. Anthropological and forensic analyses established that 6 skeletons exhibit perimortem trauma characteristic of mediaeval battle injuries. The remains of all 6 skeletons belong to young healthy males aged between 18 and 35 years.
