Figure 2 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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The histopathology of the scalp nodule revealed a well-defined dermal lesion composed of islands and cords of dark basaloid cells arranged in a jigsaw puzzle-like pattern
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Few studies examine techniques of surgical resection for scalp malignancies to ensure clear margins. We present a case series utilizing outer cortex removal in patients without evidence of bony or pericranial invasion. A retrospective casenote review is presented of three cases treated in a tertiary Head and Neck Cancer Centre. An outer table remov...
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... Every island is made of two types of cells including peripheral cells in a palisade with a small dark nucleus, and more differentiated centralized cells, with a big pale nucleus (Jordão et al. 2015). • Prognosis and treatment: For solitary tumors, surgical excision is the treatment of choice (Mogaddam and Maleki 2015). In turban tumors, frequently applied therapy is total scalp excision followed by reconstruction with a split skin graft (Parren et al. 2014). ...
... The complete excision is the preferred treatment (Table 2). Late local recurrence has been documented, so subsequent follow-up should be considered [257]. Large lesions should be imaged before planning treatment to determine vascularity and involvement of surrounding tissues, including underlying osseous structures. ...
... Complete resection seems to be the optimal therapeutic approach for benign lesions [11,247,264,281,298]. Some of them may recur, although the metastatic potential is low and surgical treatment may be performed more than once [80,257,268,285,287,290]. Other therapeutic options include cryotherapy and CO2 laser therapy, photodynamic therapy, curettage, radiofrequency ablation, electrodesiccation and radiotherapy, as well as topical and systemic retinoid acids, 5-fluorouracil and imiquimod, with variable patient outcomes (Table 2) [206,213,228,231,235,236,241,242]. ...
Adnexal tumors of the skin are a rare group of benign and malignant neoplasms that exhibit morphological differentiation toward one or more of the adnexal epithelium types present in normal skin. Tumors deriving from apocrine or eccrine glands are highly heterogeneous and represent various histological entities. Macroscopic and dermatoscopic features of these tumors are unspecific; therefore, a specialized pathological examination is required to correctly diagnose patients. Limited treatment guidelines of adnexal tumor cases are available; thus, therapy is still challenging. Patients should be referred to high-volume skin cancer centers to receive an appropriate multidisciplinary treatment, affecting their outcome. The purpose of this review is to summarize currently available data on pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment approach for apocrine and eccrine tumors.
