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The glass foreign bodies A: Photograph shows the different glass objects (large and small glass balls and a piece of glass) before being placed in a cadaveric calf thigh specimen; B: Lateromedial radiograph shows radiopaque glass foreign bodies; C, D, E: Ultrasound images reveal hyperechoic glass objects (arrows). Note reverberation (comet tail artifact distally) (arrow heads).
Source publication
urrent study was carried out to identify the ability of both radiography and ultrasonography in identifying the presence of some foreign bodies in a Cadaveric calf thigh specimen. Five different foreign bodies (metal, stone, glass, plastic and wood) were inserted separately in a freshly thawed cadaveric calf thigh muscle. Two different imaging moda...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... ultrasonographic image, hyperechoic objects were de- tected with either clean distal shadowing (irregular surface stones) or reverberation artifacts (stones with smooth and flat surfaces) (Figure 3). Glass was clearly detected as less radiopaque structure than metal ( Figure 4B). Ultrasonographically, they appeared as hyperechoic curvilinear objects with reverberation artifacts in case of glass balls and hyperechoic line with reverbera- tion artifacts in case of glass piece (Figure 4). ...
Context 2
... was clearly detected as less radiopaque structure than metal ( Figure 4B). Ultrasonographically, they appeared as hyperechoic curvilinear objects with reverberation artifacts in case of glass balls and hyperechoic line with reverbera- tion artifacts in case of glass piece (Figure 4). Plastics were not detected radiographically except a faint radiopaque lines in case of a hose piece. ...
Similar publications
Foreign body penetration may occur in almost any part of the body. Bullet cores, needles, shrapnel pieces, glass-like objects can often be removed as foreign bodies from any part of the body; however bicycle steering removal has not been published before. Appropriate treatment after foreign body penetration includes tetanus prophylaxis, antibiotic...
Citations
... Similar findings were identified elsewhere [1,3,4,27,28]. An ultrasonographic examination is a non-invasive tool for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal obstructive foreign bodies [29][30][31][32][33]. Based on ultrasonographic examinations in affected camels, most foreign bodies in the esophageal lumen were hyperechoic in different anechoic fluid volumes. ...
... An ultrasonographic examination is a non-invasive tool for the accurate diagnosis and prognosis of esophageal obstructive foreign bodies [29][30][31][32][33]. Based on ultrasonographic examinations in affected camels, most foreign bodies in the esophageal lumen were hyperechoic in different anechoic fluid volumes. These ultrasonographic findings are similar to previous studies [30,31]. ...
Background and aim:
Esophageal obstruction is a common occurrence and a serious condition in camels. This study aimed to assess the effects of mineral deficiency on esophageal obstruction rates in dromedary camels and describe their clinical presentation and treatment outcomes.
Materials and methods:
Twenty-eight camels were allocated to two groups. Group 1 (control) was composed of 10 sound camels. Group 2 included 18 camels with esophageal obstruction which were based on clinical and imaging evaluations. Hematobiochemical examinations in control and affected camels were compared and statistically analyzed.
Results:
In camels with esophageal obstruction when compared with controls, hematological analyses showed significant increases (p < 0.05) in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes, along with significantly decreased total white blood counts. Aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, creatine phosphokinase, glucose, albumin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations were significantly higher in affected camels when compared with controls. Furthermore, gamma-glutamyl transferase, globulin, sodium, chloride, cobalt, iron, manganese, and selenium concentrations were significantly reduced. Affected camels were treated by stomach tube or surgery and were completely recovered, except for one camel with an esophageal fistula.
Conclusion:
A lack of trace elements could have a significant role in esophageal obstruction in dromedaries. Clinical, ultrasonographic, and hematobiochemical evaluations are useful for the accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of esophageal obstruction in camels.
... Technique modifications to improve acoustic windows, such as utilizing a water bath or standoff pad as the acoustic medium and scanning in multiple orientations, can improve visualization of both the foreign body and the artifacts they generate [11,12]. The chemical composition of a foreign body induces Case Reports in Emergency Medicine different far field artifacts (i.e., metal and glass can induce reverberation artifacts) [13]. Organic matter can produce a circumferential hypoechoic halo secondary to inflammation/edema, abscess, or granulation tissue surrounding the foreign body and as a result helps in its localization [11,13]. ...
... The chemical composition of a foreign body induces Case Reports in Emergency Medicine different far field artifacts (i.e., metal and glass can induce reverberation artifacts) [13]. Organic matter can produce a circumferential hypoechoic halo secondary to inflammation/edema, abscess, or granulation tissue surrounding the foreign body and as a result helps in its localization [11,13]. Lastly, a provider must consider the type of FB when choosing the modality to detect it. ...
... In one study, radiography identified none of the foreign bodies which were radiolucent (wood, plastic, and organic material such as cactus spine) [9]. Wood, a common foreign body, has repeatedly been shown to be missed by plain radiography [11,13,14] with one study reporting a 7.4% sensitivity on plane radiograph [15]. A 2015 meta-analysis suggested that for ultrasound detection of a foreign body, the pooled sensitivity was 72% and specificity was 92% [12]. ...
A 17-year-old male presented to our ED complaining of pain and swelling at the base of the first metacarpal after attempting to remove a catfish from his fishing line 12 hours prior to arrival. Radiographic images demonstrated a foreign body (FB), which was detectable by ultrasound. Hand surgery was consulted and took the patient to the operating room for exploration and removal of two serrated radiopaque catfish spines that were deeply embedded in the left thumb. Conclusion. Penetrating injury from hardhead catfish (Ariopsis felis) spines can cause hidden FB, envenomation, infection, and secondary damage to nearby structures. Imaging should be done for these patients to ensure they obtain timely and complete extraction of the venomous structures. Surgery should be consulted for operative management to avoid damage on removal of the catfish spine remnants.
... 13 This modality can effectively display objects in superficial tissues, but not those located adjacent to air, in deep tissues, or behind bony structures. 1,2,7,14 Magnetic resonance image (MRI) more accurately visualizes radiolucent foreign bodies, but it is initially contraindicated if the type of object is unknown due to the extensive artifacts and the potential danger of further tissue damage caused by displacement of metallic objects within the magnetic field. Moreover, high costs, time consumption, different possible interpretations, and low accuracy restrict the use of MRI in patients who have experienced dentoalveolar trauma. ...
Purpose:
The detection and exact localization of penetrating foreign bodies are crucial for the appropriate management of patients with dentoalveolar trauma. This study compared the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and spiral computed tomography (CT) scans for the detection of different foreign bodies composed of 5 frequently encountered materials in 2 sizes. The effect of the location of the foreign bodies on their visibility was also analyzed.
Materials and methods:
In this in vitro study, metal, tooth, stone, glass, and plastic particles measuring 1×1×1 mm and 2×2×2 mm were prepared. They were implanted in a sheep's head in the tongue muscle, nasal cavity, and at the interface of the mandibular cortex and soft tissue. CBCT and spiral CT scans were taken and the visibility of foreign bodies was scored by 4 skilled maxillofacial radiologists who were blinded to the location and number of foreign bodies.
Results:
CT and CBCT were equally accurate in visualizing metal, stone, and tooth particles of both sizes. However, CBCT was better for detecting glass particles in the periosteum. Although both imaging modalities visualized plastic particles poorly, CT was slightly better for detecting plastic particles, especially the smaller ones.
Conclusion:
Considering the lower patient radiation dose and cost, CBCT can be used with almost equal accuracy as CT for detecting foreign bodies of different compositions and sizes in multiple maxillofacial regions. However, CT performed better for detecting plastic particles.
... Conventional plain radiographs or panoramic radiographs are usually the initial imaging techniques for detection of FBs 2,4,9,11 . They were successful in the diagnosis of radiopaque FBs in soft tissue 11 , but non-radiopaque objects cannot be detected by these techniques. ...
... Conventional plain radiographs or panoramic radiographs are usually the initial imaging techniques for detection of FBs 2,4,9,11 . They were successful in the diagnosis of radiopaque FBs in soft tissue 11 , but non-radiopaque objects cannot be detected by these techniques. Superimposition of tissues is also a limitation of 2D imaging 2 . ...
... US is an inexpensive, widely accessible, realtime imaging modality with no radiation exposure 7,10,12 . It is helpful in the detection of suspected non-radiopaque FBs, especially in superficial tissues 2,11 . Intraoral US utilizes a high frequency probe that allows for high spatial resolution 13 . ...
Objectives
Foreign bodies (FBs) account for 3.8% of all pathologies of the head and neck region, and approximately one third of them are missed on initial examination. Thus, FBs represent diagnostic challenges to maxillofacial surgeons, rendering it necessary to employ an appropriate imaging modality in suspected cases.
Materials and Methods
In this cross-sectional study, five different materials, including wood, metal, glass, tooth and stone, were prepared in three sizes (0.5, 1, and 2 mm) and placed in three locations (soft tissue, air-filled space and bone surface) within a sheep's head (one day after death) and scanned by panoramic radiography, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), and ultrasonography (US) devices. The images were reviewed, and accuracy of the detection modalities was recorded. The data were analyzed statistically using the Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U-test, Friedman, Wilcoxon signed-rank and kappa tests (P<0.05).
Results
CBCT was more accurate in detection of FBs than panoramic radiography and US (P<0.001). Metal was the most visible FB in all of modalities. US was the most accurate technique for detecting wooden materials, and CBCT was the best modality for detecting all other materials, regardless of size or location (P<0.05). The detection accuracy of US was greater in soft tissue, while both CBCT and panoramic radiography had minimal accuracy in detection of FBs in soft tissue.
Conclusion
CBCT was the most accurate detection modality for all the sizes, locations and compositions of FBs, except for the wooden materials. Therefore, we recommend CBCT as the gold standard of imaging for detecting FBs in the maxillofacial region.
This study describes the clinical presentation of ruminal and reticular foreign body syndrome (RRFBS), and evaluates the effect of mineral deficiency on its occurrence in dromedary camels. Thirty dromedary camels were divided into two groups. Group 1 (control) included 10 apparently healthy she-camels. Group 2 consisted of twenty dromedary camels diagnosed with RRFBS on the basis of clinical, ultrasonographic, hematological, and biochemical examinations. Clinical findings showed decreased appetite and milk yield, tympany, and gradual body weight loss. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed the presence of hyperechoic material with variable degrees of shadowing. Hematological evaluation showed a significant (PO.05) decrease of the total erythrocyte and lymphocyte count and a significant increase of neutrophils in the camels with RRFBS compared to the controls. Biochemical tests showed a significant elevation in the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK), glucose, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen and a significant decrease of sodium, chloride, potassium, cobalt, iron, and selenium in the camels with RRFBS compared to the controls. Rumenotomy was performed on the 20 camels as a surgical intervention for treating the RRFBS. By the 6th month postoperatively, all surgically treated camels had completely recovered except for one with tympany and slight swelling in situ. In conclusion, trace element deficiency might play an important role in
the occurrence of foreign body ingestion syndrome in dromedary camels. Moreover, clinical,
ultrasonographic, hematological, and biochemical examinations are considered as tools assisting
in the accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratagem for RRFBS in camels.
This study describes the clinical presentation of ruminal and reticular foreign body syndrome (RRFBS), and evaluates the effect of mineral deficiency on its occurrence in dromedary camels. Thirty dromedary camels were divided into two groups. Group 1 (control) included 10 apparently healthy she-camels. Group 2 consisted of twenty dromedary camels diagnosed with RRFBS on the basis of clinical, ultrasonographic, hematological, and biochemical examinations. Clinical findings showed decreased appetite and milk yield, tympany, and gradual body weight loss. Ultrasonographic examinations revealed the presence of hyperechoic material with variable degrees of shadowing. Hematological evaluation showed a significant (P<0.05) decrease of the total erythrocyte and lymphocyte count and a significant increase of neutrophils in the camels with RRFBS compared to the controls. Biochemical tests showed a significant elevation in the activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), creatine kinase (CK), glucose, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen and a significant decrease of sodium, chloride, potassium, cobalt, iron, and selenium in the camels with RRFBS compared to the controls. Rumenotomy was performed on the 20 camels as a surgical intervention for treating the RRFBS. By the 6th month postoperatively, all surgically treated camels had completely recovered except for one with tympany and slight swelling in situ. In conclusion, trace element deficiency might play an important role in the occurrence of foreign body ingestion syndrome in dromedary camels. Moreover, clinical, ultrasonographic, hematological, and biochemical examinations are considered as tools assisting in the accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment stratagem for RRFBS in camels.
