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Generally, the main focus of the grid-linked photovoltaic systems is to scale up the photovoltaic penetration level to ensure full electricity consumption coverage. However, due to the stochasticity and nondispatchable nature of its generation, significant adverse impacts such as power overloading, voltage, harmonics, current, and frequency instabi...
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The large penetration of distributed energy resource (DER) into low voltage distribution network (LVDN), especially the rooftop solar photovoltaic system, is a matter of concern today. The number of DER in the LVDN increases quickly as a result of the government’s push to adopt renewable energy sources, causing many technical issues. Therefore, est...
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... The Renewable Energy Sources (RES) integration into existing Conventional Power Distribution Systems (PDS) to form a Hybrid Energy Supply System (HESS) ensures a consistent and reliable supply of energy at a cost competitive with conventional power sources [1]. This HESS could provide a continuous power supply in various climatic conditions, improving power supply efficiency and reliability [2]. Among the existing Grid-Connected HESS designs, the Solar Photovoltaic-HESS (SPV-HESS) has gained paramount importance as it could offer substantially more sustainable, reliable, and affordable power supply to the electricity supply mix system [3]. ...
... Among these technical impacts, Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) seems to be a fast-growing challenge for power quality [2,7]. According to various studies, including [7,8], extensive utilization of power electronics devices (inverter-based interfaces) gives rise to current and voltage harmonics, which initiate additional transformers and generators core losses as well as transmission losses for conductors. ...
... A recent survey by [12] also reported that the inclusion of SPV power introduces significant harmonic distortions that affect the power quality of electrical equipment and distribution networks. The scientific literature [9,[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] reported that the harmonic distortion of the current is inversely related to the solar incidence, so if the system is operating at low power, the harmonic injection is higher. ...
Integrating a high Penetration level of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) power in the electricity grid could enhance the system’s sustainability, reliability, and affordability. Nevertheless, at higher Penetrations, the intermittency, non-dispatchable nature of the SPV generation, and the extensive utilization of inverter-based interfaces generate excessive harmonic distortions that damage power system devices and interrupt the smooth operation of the power system. Thus, the severity of the harmonic distortion impacts varies as a function of the degree of the SPV Penetration level in the grid-connected system. Though the problem is highly nonlinear stochastic programming with multiple conflicting power quality criteria, no existing study holistically captures the randomness, the contradictory nature of the objectives, and the grid’s technical limitations simultaneously. This study proposes a novel Monte-Carlo-based Hybrid multi-objective methodology to scale up the Photovoltaic Penetration level with a minimum Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) for multilevel SPV inverters in grid-connected systems without violating the system’s standard operational limitations. Six state-of-the-art Multi-Objective Evolutionary algorithms were implemented and compared using hypervolume indica- tor, execution time, and parametric statistical analysis to obtain a quality solution. The results showed that the Hybrid NSGAII-MOPSO outflanked the rest in terms of convergence, diversity, and execution time. It could be inferred that even under variable weather conditions, this harmonic suppression design approach could accurately optimize the SPV Penetration level and mitigate the THD without degrading the grid’s standard operational constraints. In comparison, the stochastic design technique creates a far more reliable SPV grid-connected system than the deterministic approach.
