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![Translocation factor [TF = Caerial / Croot] in Populus × canescens...](publication/346703237/figure/tbl2/AS:986767616376853@1612275141377/Translocation-factor-TF-Caerial-Croot-in-Populus-canescens-Aiton-Sm-genotypes_Q320.jpg)
(1) Background: Populus ×canescens (Aiton) Sm. is a fast-growing woody plant belonging to the family Salicaceae. Two poplar genotypes characterized by unique phenotypic traits (TP11 and TP20) were chosen to be characterized and tested for a physiological and transcriptomic response to Cd stress. (2) Methods: A comparative analysis of the effects of...
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... quantitative real-time RT-PCR analyses were carried out using GoTaq qPCR Master Mix (Promega Corporation, Madison, WI, USA) mix in a LightCycler 96 (Roche, Mannheim, Germany). The analyses were performed using two reference genes and seven target genes reported previously for poplar trees (Table 6). The primers were designed using Primer3 software (Rozen and Skaletsky 2000, Boston, MA, USA) according to the following parameters: 100-200 bp product size, 19-22 bp primer length, 58-60 • C melting temperature (Tm) and 45-55% GC content. ...Similar publications
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... A large number of studies have demonstrated their strong growth adaptation to soils contaminated with HMs. For example, Komárková et al. [28] found that exposure to a 100 µM CdCl 2 solution for ten days did not significantly affect the growth of P. × canescens. Low levels of HM pollution, such as 0.5 or 1 mg kg −1 Cd in soils, did not have a negative impact on the growth of P. alba, and in some cases, these levels even promoted growth and biomass accumulation [29]. ...
Both nitrogen (N) deposition and heavy metal pollution are important environmental concerns that threaten ecosystem stability and ecological safety. Limited research has been conducted on the effects of N deposition on the physiological processes and allocation patterns of heavy metals (HMs) in poplars, especially under combined pollution. In our study, we used Populus deltoides as a model to investigate the effects of two levels of N addition (LN, 6 g N·m−2·a−1; HN, 12 g N·m−2·a−1) on growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, profiles of low-molecular-weight organic acids, as well as accumulation and allocation of HMs among different organs and root orders under single Cd (30 mg kg−1) or Mn pollution (168.6 mg kg−1), and their combination. The effects of N addition depended on the dosage effects of N and the types of HMs. The combined pollution did not have more negative effects on overall growth and oxidative damage in the root tips of P. deltoides compared to single Cd or Mn pollution. Both levels of N deposition, especially LN, promoted growth in P. deltoides to varying extents under all HM pollution conditions. However, N addition only mitigated oxidative damage to the fine roots under Cd-containing pollution, which may be attributed to higher levels of low-molecular-weight organic acids such as citric acid and malic acid. In contrast, HN decreased the levels of key organic acids, such as lactic acid and pantothenic acid, potentially exacerbating Mn toxicity under Mn pollution. Both levels of N addition decreased the total amount of Cd accumulated in P. deltoides under Cd pollution alone but increased the accumulation of Cd in combined pollution (especially under LN). However, under Mn-containing pollution, the addition of N increased the accumulation of Mn and its transfer to leaves, potentially aggravating Mn toxicity. Therefore, N deposition, especially under HN, may lead to more severe HM stress for plants in soils polluted by combined Cd and Mn.
... The results showed that As-induced genes are linked with stress response and detoxification pathways (Shukla T. et al., 2018). According to Komarkova et al. (2020), Cd resulted in alteration of poplar's gene transcripts, which not only regulated the plant defense mechanism through differential gene expression but also led to the production of phytohormones. Additionally, long-term exposure to stress was found to reduce the Cd toxicity in plants (Komarkova et al., 2020). ...
... According to Komarkova et al. (2020), Cd resulted in alteration of poplar's gene transcripts, which not only regulated the plant defense mechanism through differential gene expression but also led to the production of phytohormones. Additionally, long-term exposure to stress was found to reduce the Cd toxicity in plants (Komarkova et al., 2020). Another transcriptomic study carried out on Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica parachinensis) showed that Cd toxicity was mediated through some important tolerance-inducing genes, including HMA3, HMA4, and Nramp1 . ...
Food safety has emerged as a high-urgency matter for sustainable agricultural production. Toxic metal contamination of soil and water significantly affects agricultural productivity, which is further aggravated by extreme anthropogenic activities and modern agricultural practices, leaving food safety and human health at risk. In addition to reducing crop production, increased metals/metalloids toxicity also disturbs plants’ demand and supply equilibrium. Counterbalancing toxic metals/metalloids toxicity demands a better understanding of the complex mechanisms at physiological, biochemical, molecular, cellular, and plant level that may result in increased crop productivity. Consequently, plants have established different internal defense mechanisms to cope with the adverse effects of toxic metals/metalloids. Nevertheless, these internal defense mechanisms are not adequate to overwhelm the metals/metalloids toxicity. Plants produce several secondary messengers to trigger cell signaling, activating the numerous transcriptional responses correlated with plant defense. Therefore, the recent advances in omics approaches such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, ionomics, miRNAomics, and phenomics have enabled the characterization of molecular regulators associated with toxic metal tolerance, which can be deployed for developing toxic metal tolerant plants. This review highlights various response strategies adopted by plants to tolerate toxic metals/metalloids toxicity, including physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses. A seven-(omics)-based design is summarized with scientific clues to reveal the stress-responsive genes, proteins, metabolites, miRNAs, trace elements, stress-inducible phenotypes, and metabolic pathways that could potentially help plants to cope up with metals/metalloids toxicity in the face of fluctuating environmental conditions. Finally, some bottlenecks and future directions have also been highlighted, which could enable sustainable agricultural production.
