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The experimental microliths (1-4) and the Mesolithic microliths (5-6). Amicroscopic traces of the storage and transportation of microliths in the skin pouch 200×; B -hide polishes (traces of the storage and transportation?) 200× (Pyewicz 2012, 2013).
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Los cazadores recolectores del este de Sudamérica ajustaron, durante el Holoceno, sus conductas territoriales a las fluctuaciones climáticas y ambientales. Estas sociedades implementaron una estrategia económica con una tecnología caracterizada por puntas de proyectil en piedra tallada. Estos cazadores fueron responsables de innovaciones técnicas y variabilidad en las formas y dimensiones de las puntas. Dichos cambios fueron estimulados por el menor tamaño de la fauna del Holoceno, la caza en ambientes anegadizos, la disponibilidad de materias primas y la experimentación de nuevas técnicas de propulsión. El sistema técnico buscó resolver los problemas planteados por la movilidad a través del reciclaje de puntas dañadas. Se analizaron 25 puntas de proyectil provenientes del este de Uruguay. Se relevaron aspectos tecno-tipológicos; se empleó lupa binocular (5× a 72×) y microscopio metalográfico (50× a 400×). Los análisis traceológicos, con base experimental, dan cuenta de fracturas en el ápice y confirman que se trata de puntas empleadas en armas arrojadizas. Los rastros registrados y algunos residuos sugieren que estas puntas fueron enastiladas y transportadas en un carcaj. Las observaciones realizadas parecen confirmar que parte de los ejemplares estudiados corresponden a puntas de flecha usadas con arco, una innovación de gran impacto en las tierras bajas.
Use-wear analyses on lithic pieces from Brno-Štýřice III presented in this article are the first studies of this type conducted on Epigravettian Late Upper Paleolithic (LUP) assemblages from the Czech Republic and the broader region. A total of 187 artefacts classified as formal tools as well as pieces with macroscopic traces of marginal – discontinuous – retouch (edge damage) have been microscopically analyzed. Different types of use-wear traces were noticed on 57 of these artefacts. The traces are mainly associated with animal carcass treatment (the tools were usually used for cutting or scraping), including hide processing, butchering activities, or, to a lesser extent, bone/antler processing. Although there are only sporadic traces associated with plant or wood processing, they support the use of plants during LUP. Recognized use-wear traces are located mainly along unretouched edges or on burins around the negative bulbs of spalls. The spatial distribution of the artefacts with the use-wear traces corresponds to the settlement density. The character and intensity of the use-wear traces fit well with both faunal remains and palynological analyses and illustrates the complexity of everyday life for Epigravettian hunters.
In this paper we shall demonstrate the relationship between experimental research regarding the oldest period of human history and the popularisation of knowledge of the Stone Age. Our discussion is based primarily on our own experience of undertaking experimental research and presentation of its results to participants of popular science events. Some examples illustrating the relationship between science and its popularisation have been provided.
