Figure 8 - uploaded by Luís Crisóstomo
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The electron transport chain, in the inner membrane of mitochondrion. Electrons are transferred through proteins by a series of oxireductions, with reduction potential progressively higher. The electron energy differential through the chain is used to pump electrons to the inner mitochondrial membrane, by complexes I, III and IV, creating a chemiosmotic gradient. After complex IV, electrons are captured by oxygen, which reacts with hydrogen to form water. This whole transport, very well balanced can, nevertheless, let 0.4% to 4% of electrons escape and form ROS. Adapted from (47).
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Physical exercise have several health benefits, but it can also be a source of cellular damage. The energetic demands of physical exercise and training promote an increase on metabolic rate, and its pathways may produce secondary harmful compounds that will cause cellular damage. Some of those compounds are the free radicals and Reactive Oxygen spe...
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