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Age-related cognitive declines can hinder older adults' ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living. As a result, this decline places an additional burden on formal and informal caregivers. Fortunately, based on the principles of cognitive reserve and neuroplasticity, cognitive remediation therapy shows promise in reducing the severi...
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... positive neuroplasticity, the number and density of connections between neurons increase, thus increasing cognitive reserve. Likewise, with negative neuroplasticity, the number and density of connections between neurons decrease, thus decreasing cognitive reserve (see Figure 1). This process is displayed in a series of study using the enriched environmental paradigm. ...
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... an active enriched lifestyle and cognitive remediation therapy has been shown to support positive neuroplasticity, it has been suggested that neuroplasticity may be supported by several other factors that could be combined in creative ways to boost the benefits of cognitive remedia- tion therapy (see Figure 1). In fact, neuroleptic agents, antioxidants, nutrition, sleep hygiene, mood, health status, and physical exercise may be considered as possible ways of either promoting positive or negative neuroplasticity. ...
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... remediation therapies hold great potential in improving every- day functioning, increasing quality of life, and increasing cost effective- ness by reducing caregiver burden. In fact, one of the implicit goals behind administering cognitive remediation therapy is that by improving cognitive ability, everyday activities such as activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) are subsequently improved (see Figure 1). Improving ADLs and IADLs reduces the burden placed on formal and informal caregivers. ...
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Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are pervasive, severe, and largely independent of the positive and negative symptoms of the illness. These deficits are increasingly considered to be core features of schizophrenia with evidence that the extent of cognitive impairment is the most salient predictor of daily functioning. Unfortunately, current schi...
Citations
... Use of low-tech intervention strategies (internal, external, or environmental) to compensate for cognitive impairment, reducing its impact on activities of daily living and quality of life Greenaway et al. (2013), Huckans et al. (2013), Kim and Kim (2014), Lenze and Bowie (2018), Twamley et al. (2012), Velligan et al. (2000) Cognitive remediation Neuropsychological intervention proposed by therapists for life functional and social recovery and competence development. May or not include computerized exercises to improve cognitive performance Lenze and Bowie (2018), Medalia et al. (2002), Medalia and Richardson (2005), Medalia and Choi (2009), Mowszowski et al. (2010), Vance (2009 ...
... Cognitive Remediation mainly focuses on global cognitive training (e.g., theater training) or particular cognitive competencies (e.g. memory) and uses different techniques/ methods of intervention, such as paper and pencil exercises, group activities, workshops, video, or computers (Vance, 2009;Vance et al., 2010). Based on a neuropsychological approach, this cognitive intervention uses a set of exercises to maintain, ameliorate, or mitigate the loss of cognition or abilities in the elderly . ...
... Based on a neuropsychological approach, this cognitive intervention uses a set of exercises to maintain, ameliorate, or mitigate the loss of cognition or abilities in the elderly . Therapists propose this type of intervention for functional and social recovery, as well as competence development (Medalia et al., 2002;Medalia and Richardson, 2005;Medalia and Choi, 2009;Vance, 2009;Vance et al., 2009;Mowszowski et al., 2010;Lenze and Bowie, 2018). ...
Background: Dementia is the one of the most common and prominent disease in the elderly person that results in the Cognitive interventions. In this study, we aim to conceptualize the cognitive intervention for older adults with and without cognitive dysfunction and to clarify the heterogeneity existing in this literature field by determining the main variables implicated.
Methods: We conducted a study analysis using previous literature highlighting the significant data reporting empirical results from cognitive intervention for healthy older adults and other seniors with different types of dementia. Each paper was reviewed in terms of compensatory cognitive training, cognitive remediation, enrichment, cognitive activation, brain training, cognitive stimulation, cognitive training, and cognitive rehabilitation. The research analysis was performed following rigorous inclusion and exclusion criteria with the purpose of collecting relevant answers to our research questions.
Results: We included a total of 168 studies in our review. Our findings indicated heterogeneity regarding methods, concepts, and procedures. Additionally, the values were integrated using different information existing in this field.
Conclusion: In conclusion, we highlighted that this is the first review that clarify the discrepancy of various existing definitions, methods, and procedures, as well as the overlapping information in the cognitive interventions.
... La réhabilitation cognitive est une approche individualisée, visant à améliorer le fonctionnement cognitif quotidien de personnes présentant une altération cognitive (lésions cérébrales, démences, etc.). Le terme de remédiation cognitive est également parfois employé pour faire référence aux programmes d'intervention destinés à améliorer le fonctionnement cognitif, de façon globale ou spécifique, de la personne âgée (Auffray, 2008;Vance, 2009). ...
... Qu'elles soient globales ou spécifiques les interventions cognitives présentent chacune différents avantages. Vance (2009) souligne, par exemple, que la vitesse de traitement est importante pour la conduite automobile et que dans ce contexte une intervention centrée spécifiquement sur l'amélioration de cette capacité s'avèrera plus efficace qu'une approche globale. Par contre, dans le cas de difficultés cognitives généralisées, l'approche globale est plus appropriée. ...
... Les programmes d'intervention cognitive sont généralement constitués de plusieurs séances d'entraînement (de une à vingt) de durée variable (de 20 min à 2h30) (voir Thompson & Foth, 2005). L'intervention peut être individuelle ou en groupe et peut être administrée par un animateur ou auto-administrée (Vance, 2009). Elle peut être précédée d'un pré-entraînement d'une ou plusieurs sessions visant à accroître les bénéfices de l'intervention (e.g., relaxation, entraînement à l'imagerie visuelle) (Verhaeghen, Marcoen, & Goossens, 1992). ...
Prospective memory is a complex cognitive function requested to remember a planned action. For example, this function is particularly important in elderly people to remember taking medication at the appropriate time. Two key objectives were pursued in an interindividual differences approach. The first goal was to have a better understanding of prospective memory in aging people. Thus, we wanted to identify the cognitive mechanisms underlying the age-related decline in laboratory and naturalistic prospective memory tasks. The second goal was to estimate how prospective memory can be improved in elderly people. To that end, we performed four studies using samples of aging people. The results of the two first studies indicated that retrospective memory and executive control processes mediate the relation between age and prospective memory. In the third study, the results showed that elderly people compensated spontaneously some of their prospective memory problems using external memory aids. These studies allowed us to develop and to test a cognitive intervention program based on the reinforcement of retrospective memory, executive control processes, and metacognitive knowledge. The results indicated any effect of the intervention program on prospective memory performance. These suggest that individualized cognitive interventions focused on specific prospective memory problems would be more suitable than interventions designed to improve the global functioning of prospective memory in elderly people
The measurement of cognitive performance is important in diagnosing and monitoring interventions for a wide variety of neurological conditions, such as dementias (Alzheimer’s, vascular, etc.), multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and stroke recovery. These risk factors for cognitive decline are further aggravated with advancing age. The encouraging news is that recent research has shown that there is significant neuroplasticity in the adult brain, and that even the elderly are capable of achieving measurable changes in brain organization and function. Maximizing effectiveness of such interventions requires continuous (or at least very frequent), unobtrusive assessment of cognitive functions. This chapter describes how new behavioral informatics with computational models can be used to assess various cognitive functions in the wild and over time using new behavioral metrics, including walking speed, computer interactions and embedded measures in cognitive computer games. This new approach to cognitive monitoring offers substantial improvements over conventional infrequent assessments performed in the clinic. Namely, repeated measures in the home environment offer the ability to measure within-subject trends and potentially detect cognitive problems and intervene at an earlier stage.
