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4. The difference between four major types of remote sensors: passive sensors (multispectral and hyperspectral) do not emit radiation themselves, but active sensors (LiDAR and radar) do. The passive modes are distinguished by the number of bands across which they measure radiance, whereas the active modes are distinguished by the wavelength of the radiation which they emit. Image: Astronaut photograph AS17-14822727 courtesy NASA Johnson Space Center Gateway to Astronaut Photography of Earth.
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This latest chapter in the Conservation Technology Series from WWF-UK looks at the opportunities, challenges and state-of-the-art of satellite remote sensing for conservation applications. This issue reviews available satellite imagery and derived datasets, a comprehensive guide to data sources, common processing workflows and case studies.
Citations
... Electromagnetic radiation spectrum with bands used in satellite remote sensing (SRS) fromPettorelli et al. (2018). ...
... La télédétection, processus d'identification, d'observation et de mesure à distance, nécessite trois éléments essentiels : 1) une plate-forme spatiale, aéroportée ou in-situ 2) un objet cible à observer 3) un instrument ou un capteur pour observer la cible. Les plateformes représentent l'ensemble des moyens utilisés pour être à distance de la surface de la terre (satellites, avions, drones, robots mobiles au sol (Melesse et al., 2007 ;Pettorelli et al., 2018 ;Toth et Jóźków, 2016). Les instruments contiennent des capteurs permettant d'observer la Terre (caméras, scanners, radars) et l'information obtenue est stockée sous forme de rayonnements électromagnétiques puis d'images contenant de multiples bandes spectrales. ...
Les stratégies d’adaptation au changement climatique sont définies à l’échelle des vignobles. L’application d’une méthode de modélisation climatique locale basée sur le lien statistique entre températures et topographie, nécessite des réseaux de mesures coûteux et l’acquisition de données durant plusieurs années. Dans ce contexte, l’utilisation de l’imagerie thermique à haute résolution temporelle permettrait de pallier cette contrainte. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’évaluer les potentialités des images satellites thermiques en modélisation climatique aux échelles locale et régionale. Pour cela, la variabilité spatiale des températures en milieu viticole a été analysée à partir des températures de surface dérivées de la télédétection et parallèlement, des températures de l'air issues des réseaux de mesure. A l’échelle locale, une méthode de descente d’échelle statistique à partir de prédicteurs topographiques a été appliquée aux températures de surface journalière et hebdomadaires (1000m) et ont été comparées aux spatialisations des températures de l’air journalières (capteurs). Sur le site de Saint-Emilion-Pomerol, ces modélisations ont été évaluées à plusieurs résolutions spatiales. A l’échelle régionale, une méthode d’identification de structures thermiques a été développée afin de caractériser la variabilité des températures de surface modélisées sur le département de la Gironde. Les résultats ont mis en évidence les limites des températures de surface MODIS liées à la résolution spatiale initiale et leur potentiel de caractérisation de la variabilité thermique à l’échelle régionale.
... Electromagnetic radiation spectrum with bands used in satellite remote sensing (SRS) (from[25]). ...
Locust outbreaks around the world regularly affect vast areas and millions of people. Mapping and monitoring locust habitats, as well as prediction of locust outbreaks is essential to minimize the damage on crops and pasture. In this context, remote sensing has become one of the most important data sources for effective locust management. This review paper summarizes remote sensing-based studies for locust management and research over the past four decades and reveals progress made and gaps for further research. We quantify which locust species, regions of interest, sensor data and variables were mainly used and which thematic foci were of interest. Our review shows that most studies were conducted for the desert locust, the migratory locust and Australian plague locust and corresponding areas of interest. Remote sensing studies for other destructive locust species are rather rare. Most studies utilized data from optical sensors to derive NDVI and land cover for mapping and monitoring the locust habitats. Furthermore, temperature, precipitation and soil moisture are derived from thermal infrared, passive and active radar sensors. Applications of the European Sentinel fleet, entire Landsat archive or very-high-spatial-resolution data are rare. Implementing new methods (e.g., data fusion) and additional data sources could provide new insights for locust research and management.
... Of course, remote sensing methods impose some constraints, as will be discussed further, but the advantages of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) imagery and satellite-based Earth observations, strengthened by volunteered geographic information (VGI) and surveys, can hardly be overestimated. Visual perception and remote sensing have a deep intrinsic connection, based on the detection of environmental attributes in the visible spectrum (Pettorelli et al. 2018). This connection results in numerous attempts to apply remote sensing techniques to examining the Earth's environment as perceived by people, while just a few of those are articulated as a visual landscape study. ...
In 1939, Carl Troll pointed out that “air photo interpretation is to a large extent landscape ecology”. From that time forward, remote sensing has been applied across different disciplines to comprehend the holistic and dynamic spatial layout of the visual Earth environment. However, its applicability in the domain of landscape character assessment, landscape design and planning is still questionable. The purpose of this paper was to synthesise some historical and current applications of remote sensing for the decomposition of the continual visual landscape from a bird’s eye perspective and to explore the potential for bridging geographic processes with visual perception and an appreciation of the landscape pattern. From the point of view of landscape ecology, the organisation of the landscape pattern [namely, the size, shape (form), number, density and diversity, the complexity of landscape elements, and colours and textures of the land cover] is crucial for the cognition of both the visual landscape experience and the geographic processes. There are numerous pieces of evidence from the literature that remote sensing data are widely implemented in the modelling of physiognomic landscape. The synthesis of the literature concludes with perspective directions of remote sensing applications, such as mapping the status of the ecosystem (landscape) services provision, the delineation of the boundaries of the protected areas based on the quality of the visual environment, and the assessment of the sustainability of the land use practices, regarding their impact on landscape aesthetics extent.
Tropical forests provide ecosystem services to around 2.7 billion people. Yet they are reaching tipping points due to social, economic, and environmental pressures. Technology is increasingly being leveraged to expand Community Forest Management (CFM) monitoring capabilities and to potentially increase its effectiveness, but a systematic accounting of this is lacking in the scientific literature. This study employed a mixed-methods approach combining a systematic literature review (SLR) with semi-structured interviews of technology-enhanced CFM (tech-CFM) case studies in tropical forests. From the SLR, evaluation criteria were identified and applied to 23 case studies that employed one or more novel technologies, 8 on the African continent, 9 in the Asia Pacific region, 5 in Latin America, and 1 in multiple regions. The results include classifying 22 monitoring technologies, with satellite remote sensing technology being the most common (17 case studies), followed by mobile devices (10 case studies), which are often integrated with geographic information system (8 case studies) analysis and data platforms. These technologies tend to be deployed in packages that augment each technology's capabilities, beyond their individual uses. Nonetheless, they are limited by poor internet coverage in remote regions, impeding the ability to develop real-time integrated monitoring systems. Tech-CFM shows potential for complementing and integrating with national monitoring system when adequate data collection protocols are in place. Practical social-cultural, technical, and project design recommendations are made for the integration of technology into CFM. Finally, a multi-criteria decision-making framework is developed from the literature-based evaluation criteria to assist practitioners in selecting appropriate technology suites.
