Figure 7 - uploaded by Robertas Maldzius
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The diagram of photoreceptor charging-recharge: a) after the first negative charging; b) after the following positive charging; and c) after the third negative charging.
Source publication
An incremental charging method was used to investigate one source of electrostatically induced image defects that produce image ghosting and image spread or blurring. Experimental evidence shows that charge carriers accumulate at the photoconductor surface with each image exposure and that a double charge layer forms at the CTL surface in the expos...
Context in source publication
Context 1
... the photoconductor is recharged positively, electrons from the photogeneration layer are driven to the CTL and are trapped at the CTL-CGL interface. When the positively charged photoconductor is negatively recharged, the negative charges that accumulated at the CTL-CGL interface do not disappear (not neutralized), therefore the electric field strength in the CGL increases significantly in comparison with the case of the first negative charging and cause an increase in the dark decay rate, see Fig 7. The time dependences for the dark decay potential to decrease for Drum-1 photoconductor (Fig. 8), charged in the sequence (-, +, -, +, -, +, -, +, -), are quite different from the corresponding dependences for the reference photoconductor (Fig. 6). ...
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Citations
This article presents the experimental photodischarge kinetics of electrostatically fatigued dual-layer organic photoconductors characterized by an electrophotographic incremental charging technique that reveals the differences in the photoconductor charging profiles.
During normal operation, 15% of the holes that migrate to the surface after photodischarge are not neutralized by the negative surface ions. The accumulation of these lingering surface charges (charge transport material radical cations) manifests itself as defects in half-tone images, as either
missing or reduced size dots or lines. In the presence of corona gases, these surface holes oxidize and reduce the energy barrier for hole injection from a positively charged surface, e.g., contact with a transfer roller. These injected holes accumulate near the charge generation layer and
require twice the amount of negative charge to attain the same surface potential as that of a new organic photoconductor (OPC) drum. The damaged depth of this injection region extends to about 50 nm into the OPC surface and is easily removed by the printer’s abrasion mechanisms
(e.g., cleaning blade, toner, paper).
The recent advances in organic photoconductor (OPC) technology have been reported. OPCs are organic photoelectronic devices that have reached a high level of sophistication. The OPC systems designed and characterized to support electrophotography provides a platform for fundamental studies of key photophysical processes in novel materials. The materials are fabricated into a large-area thin-film photoreceptor on either a metal tube or a flexible plastic substrate. The commercial printer market is dominated by high speed, high-volume machines with very large area OPCs. OPC technology is maturing, yet the cost and performance improvements driven by the continued development of new materials will yield competitive advantage in the marketplace. The OPC development will offer a scientifically stimulating and commercially important technology.
