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Abstract Parser combinators elegantly and concisely model generalised LL parsers in a purely functional language. They nicely illustrate the concepts of higher-order functions, polymorphic functions and lazy evaluation. Indeed, parser combinators are often presented as a motivating example for functional programming. Generalised LL, however, has an...
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The construction of natural language interfaces to computers continues to be a major challenge. The need for such interfaces is growing now that speech recognition technology is becoming more readily available, and people cannot speak those computer-oriented formal languages that are frequently used to interact with computer applications. Much of the research related to the design and implementation of natural language interfaces has involved the use of high-level declarative programming languages. This is to be expected as the task is extremely difficult, involving syntactic and semantic analysis of potentially ambiguous input. The use of LISP and Prolog in this area is well documented. However, research involving the relatively new lazy functional programming paradigm is less well known. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of that research.
A Speech Web architecture, called Local Recognition Remote Processing (LRRP), for distributed speech processing is presented. Speech applications can be currently distributed through speech interfaces to HTML pages, networks of hyperlinked VXML pages, and call centers containing speech applications. LRRP architecture uses the grammar-based speech recognition software that are readily available, and the speech applications and their associated recognition grammars are stored on regular Web servers. Some of the advantages of LRRP are applicability on conventional Web servers, availability to non-experts, improvement in client-side speech-recognition accuracy, and communicability through text.
