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Heat stress is a serious problem among agricultural workers. Workers who are exposed to the extreme heat or work in hot environments may be at risk of heat stress. The physiological changes and heat related symptoms could occur due to heat stress. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the impact of heat on the health and prod...
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... measurements were conducted on respondents during the rest and work period. Each instrument was calibrated according to the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) in the instruction manuals (Figure 1). Ethical clearance was obtained from the Ethics Committee, Universiti Putra Malaysia (Ref: FPSK (EXP14-OSH) U059). ...
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The agricultural sector in India is a major water consumer, utilizing over 60% of the total water in the country. In order to meet the demands of the growing population and ensure food safety, irrigation is crucial for crop cultivation. However, extreme heat can negatively impact crops, particularly wheat. This study aimed to investigate the effect...
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... Our search resulted in 38 eligible ecological studies that involved monitoring experienced and acclimatized outdoor workers carrying out 41 jobs across 21 countries: Australia [64,66,[80][81][82], Brazil [83], China [84,85], Cyprus [11,58,86], El Salvador [87], Greece [2,58], Cambodia [88], Guatemala [67], Hong Kong [89], India [90,91], Indonesia [92], Iran [65,[93][94][95][96], Japan [97], Malaysia [98], Mexico [99], South Africa [100], South Korea [101], Spain [2,58], Thailand [102,103], United Arab Emirates [73], and United States of America [104][105][106][107]. Of these, 60.7 % worked in agriculture, 16.1 % in construction, 15.4 % in mining, 2.8 % in utilities, 2.4 % in public services, 1.9 % in shipping, 0.5 % in oil and gas production, and 0.2 % in commerce industries (Table 1), according to the classification of industries and sectors of the International Labour Organization. ...
The present comprehensive review (i) summarizes the current knowledge on the impacts of occupational heat stress on outdoor workers, (ii) provides a historical background on this issue, (iii) presents a meta-analysis of published data, (iv) explores inter-individual and intra-individual factors, (v) discusses the available heat mitigation strategies, (vi) estimates physical work capacity, labour productivity, and metabolic rate for the year 2030, and (vii) provides an overview of existing policy and legal frameworks on occupational heat exposure. Meta-analytic findings from 38 field studies that involved monitoring 2,409 outdoor workers across 41 jobs in 21 countries suggest that occupational heat stress increases the core (r = 0.44) and skin (r = 0.44) temperatures, as well as the heart rate (r = 0.38) and urine specific gravity (r = 0.13) of outdoor workers (all p < 0.05). Moreover, it diminishes the capacity of outdoor workers for manual labour (r = −0.82; p < 0.001) and is responsible for more than two thirds of the reduction in their metabolic rate. Importantly, our analysis shows that physical work capacity is projected to be highly affected by the ongoing anthropogenic global warming. Nevertheless, the metabolic rate and, therefore, labour productivity are projected to remain at levels higher than the workers’ physical work capacity, indicating that people will continue to work more intensely than they should to meet their financial obligations for food and shelter. In this respect, complementary measures targeting self-pacing, hydration, work-rest regimes, ventilated garments, and mechanization can be adopted to protect outdoor workers.
