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Just noticeable distortion (JND) is widely employed to describe the perception redundancy in the quantization-based watermarking framework. However, the existing JND models are generally constructed to treat every region of the photograph with an equal focus level, whereas the defocus effect has never been considered. In this paper, the defocus fea...
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Watermarking is an important copyright protection technology which generally embeds the identity information into the carrier imperceptibly. Then the identity can be extracted to prove the copyright from the watermarked carrier even after suffering various attacks. Most of the existing watermarking technologies take the nature images as carriers. D...
In this paper, we present DBMark, a new end-to-end digital image watermarking framework to deep boost the robustness of DNN-based image watermarking. The key novelty is the synergy of the Invertible Neural Networks(INNs) and effective watermark features generation. The framework generates watermark features with redundancy and error correction abil...
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... e results show that the subjects' visual efficacy is the best under the illumination of more than 900 LX, and the illumination between 400 and 500 LX makes the subjects feel the most comfortable. It is suggested that the visual comfort factor should be properly considered in the lighting environment in pursuit of efficient work and mental stimulation [7]. Kumar et al. studied the visual comfort of subjects in screen reading and paper reading under different combinations of illumination and color temperature in a small office space through a subjective evaluation experiment. ...
In order to clarify the quantitative relationship between students’ visual clarity, comfort, and environmental brightness in the light environment of multimedia classrooms in colleges and universities and obtain the threshold and influence trends of brightness, visual clarity, and visual comfort in the light environment of the multimedia classroom, this paper proposes the research on the relevant influence parameters of the light environment of the multimedia classroom. Based on the analysis of the current situation of multimedia use in China, this paper proposes taking brightness as the main parameter of indoor light environment evaluation to carry out students’ subjective evaluation experiments. The brightness range that can reflect the visual clarity and visual comfort of the experimenter is extracted by using multimedia combined with screen projection and HDRI technology. Finally, by analyzing the experimental data, combined with the operational definition of the psychophysical threshold, the functional relationship between visual clarity, comfort, and brightness in the light environment of a multimedia classroom is obtained through regression analysis and the threshold and extreme point data are calculated. The experimental results show that when the brightness range is 370.83 cd/m2 ≤ X ≤ 558.47 cd/m2, it has better visual clarity and visual comfort. When the brightness contrast is close to 10 : 1, the visual clarity is the highest; when the brightness contrast is close to 5 : 1, the visual comfort is the highest and decreases on both sides with the change in its value. Conclusion. The results of this experimental study can provide a basis for formulating and revising relevant laws and regulations in the future and provide a reference for the light environment design of multimedia classrooms in China.
... Among them, G represents the relationship parameter, and f represents the number value of the continuous function within the relationship. In order to improve the accuracy of the overall data extraction operation, the algorithm implementation flowchart is shown in Figure 2 (Ou et al., 2019;Zang and Sun, 2019;Wang et al., 2020). Further strengthen the correlation between parameters, and select appropriate parameter samples as the basis for data analysis. ...
... Among them, G represents the relationship parameter, and f represents the number value of the continuous function within the relationship. In order to improve the accuracy of the overall data extraction operation, the algorithm implementation flowchart is shown in Figure 2 (Ou et al., 2019;Zang and Sun, 2019;Wang et al., 2020). Further strengthen the correlation between parameters, and select appropriate parameter samples as the basis for data analysis. ...
... Because a video can be regarded as a temporally continuous collection of still images, most image watermarking schemes [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] are also applicable for video watermarking. Existing image watermarking algorithms offer some ideas for resisting geometric attacks, and video watermarking can use these as references. ...
As the Internet and communication technologies have developed quickly, the spread and usage of online video content have become easier, which results in major infringement problems. While video watermarking may be a viable solution for digital video content copyright protection, overcoming geometric attacks is a significant challenge. Although feature point-based watermarking algorithms are expected to be very resistant to these attacks, they are sensitive to feature region localization errors, resulting in poor watermark extraction accuracy. To solve this issue, we introduce the template to enhance the location accuracy of feature point-based watermarking. Furthermore, a scene change-based frame allocation method is presented, which arranges the template and the watermark to be embedded into different frames and eliminates their mutual interference, enhancing the performance of the proposed algorithm. According to the experimental results, our algorithm outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of robustness against geometric attacks under close imperceptibility.
In order to improve the accuracy and security of encrypted holographic 3D geographic information data acquisition and improve the actual resolution of geographic information files, a blind watermarking algorithm for encrypted holographic 3D geographic information data based on mapping mechanism is proposed. According to the characteristics of the mapping mechanism, a mapping mechanism structure diagram is constructed; Under the mapping mechanism technology, blind watermark data is preprocessed. Then, a watermark embedding operation is performed to obtain the watermark information image, and then a blind watermark that encrypts the holographic three-dimensional geographic information data is extracted. Finally, using the blind watermark signal as input, the blind watermark information is obtained by using the watermark strength, and the holographic 3D geographic data information is segmented and encrypted to complete blind watermark detection. The blind watermark algorithm for encrypting the holographic 3D geographic information data is studied. The results show that the maximum difference between the correlation coefficient of the algorithm in this paper and the correlation coefficient of the unaffected algorithm is only 0.04, which has better anti attack performance, high security, good terrain information collection ability, high data accuracy, and can achieve curvature repair of information data.
Macrophotography Images (MPIs) have recently emerged as an active topic due to the development of mobile phone camera technology. A large number of MPIs have been rapidly increasing in many rich visual services, such as smartphones or high‐definition monitors. MPIs are often composed of sharp macroimage and blur background, which exhibit different perceptual properties that often lead to different just noticeable difference (JND) estimation. Inspired by this, we formulate the blur concealment (BC) as another factor to determine the total masking effect: the interaction is relatively straightforward with a limited masking effect in the sharp regions, and is complicated with a strong masking effect in the blur parts. Furthermore, texture and orientation adaption and color information weighting are separately incorporated into the contrast masking and color masking. Finally, considering both BC and masking effects, a novel robust watermarking framework based on the proposed blur‐guided JND model for MPIs, targeting at further improving the MPIs copyright protection performance. Extensive experiments on MP2020 and Blur Detection data sets show that the applicability of the proposed JND model in the scenario of perceptually MPIs watermarking, and our proposed scheme can outperform the state‐of‐the‐art watermarking schemes by providing better robustness performance at the uniform visual quality.
