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![The anammox process presented in the diagram shows the enzymatic mechanism involved in the process, Kuenenia stuttgartiensis was the model organism. The figure is adapted from Kartal et al., 2011 [28].](profile/Ibrar-Khan-4/publication/303401368/figure/fig4/AS:364273021800451@1463860864518/The-anammox-process-presented-in-the-diagram-shows-the-enzymatic-mechanism-involved-in.png)
The anammox process presented in the diagram shows the enzymatic mechanism involved in the process, Kuenenia stuttgartiensis was the model organism. The figure is adapted from Kartal et al., 2011 [28].
Source publication
Anammox bacteria are the members Planctomycete shaving unique structural and growth characteristics. The researches around the globe have acknowledged their significant role in the global and particularly in marine nitrogen cycle. However, due to slow doubling time, nutrients selectivity and sensitivity, anammox bacteria could not be grow on pure c...
Citations
... As a result, anammox significantly impacts the quantity of buried fixed nitrogen, the amount recycled into the water column, and the general N cycle in aquaculture. Throughout the anammox reaction, four major enzymes namely hydrazine synthase, hydrazine dehydrogenase, nitrite reductase, and nitrate reductase are used to catalyze the various products (Shehzad et al. 2016). There have been reports that anammox bacteria survive in an environment that can supply both nitrite and ammonium simultaneously (Ibrahim et al. 2016), and this kind of habitat is typically found in sediments or water bodies that have an aerobic-anaerobic interface. ...
Treatment of ammonia- and nitrate-rich wastewater, such as that generated in the aquaculture industry, is important to prevent environmental pollution. The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process has been reported as a great alternative in reducing ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in aquaculture wastewater treatment compared to conventional treatment systems. This paper will highlight the impact of the anammox process on aquaculture wastewater, particularly in the regulation of ammonia and nitrogen compounds. The state of the art for anammox treatment systems is discussed in comparison to other available treatment methods. While the anammox process is viable for the treatment of aquaculture wastewater, the efficiency of nitrogen removal could be further improved through the proper use of anammox bacteria, operating conditions, and microbial diversity. In conclusion, a new model of the anammox process is proposed in this review.
HIGHLIGHTS
Anammox bacteria technology as an alternative for wastewater management in aquaculture.;
The important role of the marine anammox bacteria and its mechanism are summarized.;
The efficiency of nitrogen removal could be further improved by proper management of operating conditions.;
Limitations and future prospective of the anammox application are highlighted.;
Prospects for future applications are discussed.;
Dünya atmosferinin ağırlıkça %75,5’ini, hacimce %78,06’sını oluşturan azot elementi ATP, klorofil,
nükleik asitler, vitaminler gibi birçok önemli biyomolekülün yapısına katılmaktadır. Fakat azot gazı
formunda (N2) bulunan bu element, birincil üreticiler dahil canlılar için kullanılmaya elverişli formda
değildir. Bu yüzden azot döngüsü yaşamın sürekliliğini sağlayan en önemli biyolojik proseslerden biridir.
1990’lı yılların sonunda anammox bakterilerinin keşfi ile birlikte azot döngüsü hakkındaki bulgular
güncellenmiş olup, anammox uygulamaları günümüzde atık su arıtma tesislerinde kullanılan
konvansiyonel nitrifikasyon/denitrifikasyon proseslerine alternatif bir teknoloji haline gelmiştir. Bu
proses anoksik ortamda anammox bakterilerinin nitriti elektron alıcı olarak kullanarak amonyumu azot
gazına dönüştürmesi olarak açıklanabilir. Şimdiye kadar, yedi anammox cinsi bulunmasına rağmen, saf
kültürleri elde edilemediği için hepsine aday (Candidatus) statüsü verilmiştir. Buna ek olarak, bu
bakteriler eşsiz metabolizmaları nedeniyle ekolojik araştırmalar ve moleküler biyoloji alanlarında bilimsel
bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Bu bağlamda, çalışmamızda anammox bakterilerinin büyümesi, hücre
biyolojisi, moleküler mekanizması ile birlikte Anammox prosesinin çevre uygulmalarındaki rolü ve
önemi detaylı olarak incelenmiştir.
