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The absolute mean values ± standard deviations of color parameters of the teeth before and after bleaching. L∗ (lightness) was significantly increased while the absolute amounts of a∗ and b∗ (red-green and yellow-blue spectrum, resp.) were significantly decreased. These changes confirm efficient bleaching.
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Objective
. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of nano-tricalcium phosphate (n-TCP) and nanohydroxyapatite (n-HAP) on prevention of restaining of enamel after dental bleaching.
Methods
. Forty bovine incisors were bleached with 20% carbamide peroxide for two weeks. Afterward, they were divided into five groups based on remineralization...
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Citations
... Yapılan bir çalışmada beyazlatma işlemi uygulandıktan sonra nano-TCP ile nano-HAP (hidroksiapatit)'in etkinlikleri karşılaştırıldığında, sonuç olarak %10'luk nano-TCP'nin, mine yüzeyini en başarılı şekilde onardığı ve beyazlatma sonucu oluşan rengi önemli derecede koruduğu görülmüştür (71). Rirattanapong ve ark. ...
... To date, it can be concise that for remineralization of subsurface lesions by n-HAP containing products, different formulations have been developed, and early data have recommended remineralizing properties. [8] However, evidence is still incomplete to substantiate claims by manufacturers so far. Owing to its chemical and structural resemblance with enamel minerals, the application of n-HAP to biomimetic repair the damaged enamel directly has received great awareness in today's dental research. ...
... This property can be adjusted by ion substitution and crystallinity degree achieved implementing novel synthesis with nano sized crystal control. (12,13) Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate and compare the degree of demineralization and remineralization in sub-clinical carious lesion using different biomimetic remineralizing agent. ...
... 116 Öte yandan, beyazlatma sonrası nano-TCP ile nano-HAP'ın etkinliklerini değerlendiren bir çalışmada, sonuç olarak %10'luk nano-TCP'nin, beyazlatma sonrası elde edilen rengi önemli ölçüde koruyabildiği ve mine yapısını en başarılı şekilde yeniden yapılandırdığı gösterilmiştir. 117 Literatürde TCP ile ilgili çok fazla çalışma bulunmuyor oluşu, remineralizasyon ajanı olarak kullanılabilmesi için daha kapsamlı ve daha çok sayıda çalışmaya ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. ...
Despite advances in scientific knowledge, improved hygiene regimens and the increasing of new commercial preventative agents, dental caries continues to be a major public health problem in most countries. Over the last 30 years, there has been considerable increase in knowledge and understanding of the progress of caries through tooth structure. Demineralization and remineralization in the oral cavity is in equilibrium and deterioration of balance in favor of demineralization commences the development of caries. The caries process is resulting from many cycles of demineralization and remineralization. Demineralization begins at the crystal surface of the enamel and remineralization is the natural repair process for non-cavitated lesions. In the past two decades, caries research has been focused on the methodology for remineralization of carious lesions. At this point, minimum intervention dentistry tends to preserve dental hard tissues especially without the formation of caries lesions and remineralize existing demineralized/hypomineralized areas. Remineralization is naturally achived by salivary ions, and it can be enhanced by various methods and applications. There are several caries preventive agents and remineralization agents used in dental clinic, such as ionic technologies, various bioactive agents, sugar alcohols, calcium-phosphate based materials and herbal agents. In this review, it is aimed to present the current demineralization preventive agents and remineralization agents used in minimum intervention dentistry and the researches about these products. The continued development of new agents and methods for remineralization of white spots lesions and demineralized/hypomineralized lesions offers new therapeutic options and benefits to the dental profession.
... Microspheres of Mg-doped TCP were tested as delivery vehicles for tooth-bleaching agents [355]. Besides, the investigations to assess the effect of nanodimensional β-TCP on enamel repair revealed that the use of β-TCP had significant effect on improving enamel mineralization and penetrating into intercrystalline spaces [356]. Furthermore, α-TCPcontaining chewing gums were prepared and tested [110,111]. ...
... A schematic diagram of the management of periodontal defects by a bone graft technique is shown in Figure 7 [585]. However, as written in section 2, the vast majority of the publications on periodontics deals with a treatment of the surrounding bones and, thus, they fall into a category of bone substitutes [206,316,[347][348][349][350][351][352][353][354][355][356][357][358]423,534,536,539,[542][543][544][586][587][588][589][590][591][592][593][594]. Nevertheless, a few examples are given below. ...
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, remains a major public health problem in the most communities even though the prevalence of disease has decreased since the introduction of fluorides for dental care. In addition, there is dental erosion, which is a chemical wear of the dental hard tissues without the involvement of bacteria. Besides, there are other dental losses, which may be of a medical (decay or periodontal disease), age (population aging), traumatic (accident) or genetic (disorders) nature. All these cases clearly indicate that biomaterials to fill dental defects appear to be necessary to fulfill customers’ needs regarding the properties and the processing of the products. Bioceramics and glass-ceramics are widely used for these purposes, as dental inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns or bridges. Among them, calcium orthophosphates (abbreviated as CaPO4) have some specific advantages over other types of biomaterials due to a
chemical similarity to the inorganic part of both human and mammalian teeth's and bones. Therefore, CaPO4 (both alone and as constituents of various complex
formulations) are used in dentistry as both fillers and implantable scaffolds. This review provides a brief knowledge on CaPO4 and describes in details current state-of-the-art on their applications in dentistry and dentistry-related fields. Among the recognized dental specialties, CaPO4 are most frequently used in periodontics; however, the majority of the publications on CaPO4 in dentistry are devoted to unspecified “dental” fields
... It has been suggested that the Nano-HA would lead to a considerably superior remineralization. (16)(17)(18)(19)(20) Nano-Bioglass®45S5 (Nano-BG) is a bioactive implant material that stimulates bone repair. In an aqueous environment, this material undergoes a series of reactions, resulting in the formation of a surface layer made of hydroxy-apatite and/ or hydroxycarbonate apatite. ...
... Accordingly, it has been documented that nano-HA and nanocarbonate apatite penetrate into the intercrystalline spaces and rod sheaths. Therefore, these nanoparticles enhance the superficial enamel smoothness and block up surface defects (16,17) . ...
... Optimal remineralization effect from 10% NHAP suspension was revealed as mineral deposits from SEM and improved surface microhardness. Huang et al 74 To 90 To evaluate the effect of n-TCP and n-HA on remineralization of enamel and prevention of re-staining following dental bleaching of 40 bovine incisors. Groups were 10 min. ...
... 89 The investigations to assess the effect of n-TCP on enamel repair revealed that the use of n-TCP had significant effect to improve enamel mineralization and penetrate into intercrystalline spaces. 90 This result attributed to the ability to encourage enamel surface fineness and hiding surface imperfections. 91,92 In addition, more potent remineralizing effect of n-TCP as compared to n-HA could be referred to its higher solubility than HA with increased ability to deposit on defective enamel. ...
... 91,92 In addition, more potent remineralizing effect of n-TCP as compared to n-HA could be referred to its higher solubility than HA with increased ability to deposit on defective enamel. 90 ...
Nanotechnology has paved multiple ways in preventing, reversing or restoring dental caries which is one of the major health care problems. Nanotechnology aided in processing variety of nanomaterials with innovative dental applications. Some showed antimicrobial effect helping in the preventive stage. Others have remineralizing potential intercepting early lesions progression as nano-sized calcium phosphate, Carbonate hydroxyapatite nanocrystals, nano-amorphous calcium phosphate and nano-particulate bioactive glass particularly with provision of self-assembles protein that furnish essential role in biomimetic repair. The unique size of nanomaterials makes them fascinating carriers for dental products. Thus, it is recently claimed that the fortifying the adhesives with nanomaterials that possess biological merits does not only enhance the mechanical and physical properties of the adhesives, but also help to attain and maintain a durable adhesive joint and enhanced longevity. Accordingly, this review will focus on the current status and the future implications of nanotechnology in preventive and adhesive dentistry.
Whitening agents, such as hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide, are currently used in clinical applications for dental esthetic and dental care. However, the free radicals generated by whitening agents cause pathological damage; therefore, their safety issues remain controversial. Furthermore, whitening agents are known to be unstable and short-lived. Since 2001, nanoparticles (NPs) have been researched for use in tooth whitening. Importantly, nanoparticles not only function as abrasives but also release reactive oxygen species and help remineralization. This review outlines the historical development of several NPs based on their whitening effects and side effects. NPs can be categorized into metals or metal oxides, ceramic particles, graphene oxide, and piezoelectric particles. Moreover, the status quo and future prospects are discussed, and recent progress in the development of NPs and their applications in various fields requiring tooth whitening is examined. This review promotes the research and development of next-generation NPs for use in tooth whitening.
Aim: To compare the effect of Nano-HA and Nano-BG as remineralizing protocol on the microhardness and structural morphology of bleached enamel. Materials and methods: Two different biomimetic materials were used; Nano-bioactive glass powder and Nanohyroxyapatite powder. Five extracted sound human central incisors were selected. The labial of each tooth was divided longitudinal into two equal halves. The mesial half was assigned for BG group and the distal half was assigned for HA group. A total number of 20 Specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups (5specimens each). Group1 represent sound unbleached enamel, group2 represent bleaching enamel surface, and group3 represents remineralization by BG and group4 represents remineralization by HA. The specimens in group2 were bleached using 40% Hydrogen Peroxide following the manufacturers' instructions. For Nano-BG group: a mixture of bioactive glass 45S5 powder with particle size (25-120 um) with poly-acrylic acid powder was done (PAA-BAG). Then, one milliliter of the artificial saliva was added then was applied on the bleached enamel surface followed by rinsing for one minute.For Nano-HA group: HA mixed with distilled water then was applied to bleached enamel surface followed by rinsing. All specimens were subjected to de and remineralization cycles. Surface Micro-hardness of the specimens (before bleaching after bleaching and after remineralization protocol) was determined and the mean microhardness values of the specimens were calculated, tabulated and statistically analyzed using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc tests were used to study the significance. The surface morphology of two representative sample of each tested group were examined using scanning electron microscope attached with energy dispersive X-ray analyzer. Results: Microhardness results revealed that the greatest mean value was recorded in unbleached enamel, followed by remineralized enamel with Nano-BG, then remineralized enamel with Nano-HA, with the least value in bleached enamel. ANOVA test revealed that the difference was extremely statistically significant (p<0.0001). Tukey's post hoc test revealed no significant difference between unbleached enamel and remineralized enamel with Nano-BG. Moreover, there was no significant remineralized enamel with Nano-HA and remineralized enamel with Nano-BG. This was associated with some morphological changes in the enamel surfaces between different tested groups. (2)
