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The recently opened Virtual Globes Museum publishes three dimensional virtual models of old globes on the Internet. The main purpose of the museum is to preserve these artifacts of old cartographers and at the same time to make them available for anyone who wants to study their content without the risk of making any harm to them. In this project, t...
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... website is trilingual: the user can choose between Hungarian, English and German. A simple search engine helps to browse among the daily growing number of globes (Figure 1). Two different types of 3D models are stored in the museum: VRML globes, viewable either by an appropriate VRML player plug-in or by a Java applet; and KML "globe layers" for Google Earth. ...
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Virtual globes have been developed to showcase different types of data combining a digital elevation model and basemaps of high resolution satellite imagery. Hence, they became a standard to share spatial data and information, although they suffer from a lack of toolboxes dedicated to the formatting of large geoscientific dataset. From this perspec...
Citations
... | © Author(s) 2021. CC BY 4.0 License described in detail by Gede and Márton (2009), Gede andUngvári (2011), andGede (2015). Finally, a unique Russian-language globe was created, whose place names and other labels rested in the drawer of a desk for more than thirty years, while its embodied Hungarian and English brothers slowly "die out" in the meantime; they can only meet their Russian "younger brother" in the Virtual Globes Museum ( Figure 5). ...
It has been just for more than thirty years that the English-language version of the detachable structural-morphological globe of the Earth with 40 cm diameter produced by the Cartographia Enterprise won the prize of the best demonstration aid (Anson and Gutsell 1989) at the Budapest conference of the International Cartographic Association in August 1989. This success was the result of the cooperation between two education institutions (Kossuth Lajos University and Eötvös Loránd University /ELTE/) and two Hungarian firms (Cartographia Enterprise and School Equipment Producing and Marketing Company). This unique product has been the only thematic earth globe designed and published in Hungary and which was duplicated in a relatively large number. It is a rarity today. This is one of the reasons why this globe has been placed in the Virtual Globes Museum (VGM) (http://terkeptar.elte.hu/vgm). This paper gives an overview of the history of these thematic globes: the Hungarian versions made in 1986 (VGM ID 8, 9, 10) and the English versions published in 1988 (VGM ID 66, 67, 68). It introduces the immediate scientific antecedents of their birth and – being a demonstration aid – the process of publishing. The paper also presents the work with the Russian version of the globe carried out at the Institute of Cartography and Geoinformatics, ELTE (VGM ID 154, 155, 156). This will lead to the expansion of the number of globes in the VGM. The close relationship between the new product and the former two editions is also pointed out.
... Some earlier papers gave a summary of the digitizing techniques of globes at the Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics at ELTE (Gede, Ungvári 2012, Gede 2009). We took more than 700 photographs of the globe surface systematically (Figure 3). ...
A 150-year-old-globe was digitized with the method developed in the Virtual Globes Museum. The aim of the digital restoration of the manuscript globe project was to save its content from further decay. The compilation of the place name gazetteer of the globe belonged to the restoration work. The interactive gazetteer serves a good example of how to create a database and visualize various geographical names.
The final result of the Perczel Project was born after ten years of research at the Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics of Eötvös Loránd University by end 2019. The plan was to completely reconstruct Perczel’s giant globe. The globe, dated 1862, was made by László Perczel and it is now kept in the Map Room of the National Széchényi Library. It is a unique manuscript globe with a diameter of 127.5 cm, but its condition was very poor (several serious defects and illegible labels). In addition to the cartographic tasks by the Department, it was necessary to involve graphic designers and object restorers, model makers, a wood restorer, a coppersmith and an engraver; they were all coordinated by the Archiflex Studio. As a result of their collaboration such globes were born which most probably look like the original manuscript product looked almost 160 years ago. The facsimile was made in three copies.Before the Archiflex Studio started to organize the work, the Department created – by processing 800 photographs – a digital virtual 3D facsimile to register the state of the globe. This globe was entered into the Virtual Globes Museum (http://terkeptar.elte.hu/vgm). The original large-resolution photos were also used for making the segments of the digital contentual globe map between 2008 and 2012. This intensive work (with the cooperation of several BSc, MSc and PhD students of cartography) produced a series of digitally recreated segments of the globe map, which were redrawn, recoloured, and registered the legible letters. The digital contentual facsimile was used to prepare the virtual 3D model, which was also placed in the Virtual Globes Museum in 2012.The work on the globe at the Department ceased in 2012–13, but continued in a half-year project in 2019, before the start of the actual physical reconstruction. The project was undertaken by Mátyás Márton, the head of the former Perczel Poject. The work meant that the digital contentual facsimile completed in 2012 had to be further processed: namely, the digital reconstruction of the globe map. Various cartographic challenges had to be solved to accomplish this task:The possible sources had to be identified: those maps and atlases had to be found that Perczel may have used for the preparation of his globe. The collected publications were compared to the easily readable parts of the globe; in this way, it was possible to select those that were probably used. These sources were considered basic sources for further work.The selected sources made it possible to achieve two goals: first, to complete the letters of place names that were partly illegible, and second, to add the graphical elements to those parts of the globe that had been completely destroyed.There was only limited time to carry out the above tasks, and at the same time, we had to serve those who were working on the production of the three facsimile globes under the direction of the artistic director of the project.This paper gives only an outline of the events of the progress of the digital recreation, that is the digital (virtual) contentual facsimile of the globe at the Department in the past more than ten years. It gives details on the cartographic tasks needed before the physical reconstruction. This made it possible to make the digital restoration and digital reconstruction of the globe map as complete as possible. As a result, it also became possible to prepare the virtual 3D model of the content of the reconstructed facsimile globe. In comparison to the state of the globe in 2012, altogether 2,872 graphical elements and 3,252 place name amendments and corrections were made in the project. Hill shading was added or completed on 318 places – mostly on the damaged parts. Further, the content of the badly damaged calendar ring was explored. (The study and reconstruction of the artistic drawing of the signs of the zodiac was done by a designer-graphic artist.) It is a cartographic interest that the points of the compass were written in old-style Hungarian words on the calendar frame (horizon ring), which are not used today.Finally, the authors present the contemporaneous facsimiles in their physical form, which is the result of the project coordinated by the Archiflex Studio (the 3D models can be seen in the VGM). The completion of these facsimiles makes this work of art – known as Perczel’s globe in map history – a common property representing great scientific and cultural value.
