Figure
The Total Score of HOPE Based on The Type of Hypospadias
Source publication
Background: Recent studies show Tubularized Incised Plate (TIP) urethroplasty, commonly used for distal hypospadias repair, can be used in proximal hypospadias with a decent success rate. It was contented that the age of the patient when undertook the surgery influences the outcome, with young age gaining more favourable outcome than the older. One...
Citations
... Glanular hypospadias is the most common type of hypospadias reported. In our hospital, the most frequent type is penoscrotal (37.9%) [6]. ...
... The most common complication occurs after Mathieu and TIP technique for urethroplasty are urethrocutaneous fistulae and meatal stenosis, which were reported at around 45% [1], [5], [6], [11], [12], [13]. In addition, a complication can also occur including maximum urinary stream disruption and bad cosmetic appearance [8], [13], [14], [15], [16]. ...
... The cosmetic appearance of post-operative urethral reconstruction can be measured by a scoring system. The most used instrument for that objective was the Hypospadias Objective Penile Evaluation (HOPE) score [2], [6], [9]. ...
BACKGROUND: Urethroplasty techniques generally can be divided into two methods, the flap method (Mathieu and Onlay Flap) and no flap with tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty method. Complications are common after urethral reconstructioninclude urethrocutaneous fistulae and cosmetic appearance, which is usually measured by Hypospadias Objective Penile Evaluation (HOPE) scoring system. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine whether there are differences in the outcome of flap method compare to TIP method in distal hypospadias patients who underwent urethroplasty. PATIENTS AND METHOD: The subjects of this study were patients with distal hypospadias who underwent urethroplasty in Sanglah General Hospital from September 2017 to December 2017. Thirty-six samples were selected by consecutive sampling. RESULTS: The results showed a significant difference in the incidence of meatal stenosis (p = 0.05) and urinary stream disturbances(p = 0.05) between two methods. No significant differences were found in the incidence of urethrocutaneous fistulae (p = 0.500) and the unsatisfactory HOPE score (p = 0.169). CONCLUSION: This research showed that meatal stenosis andthe maximum urinary stream were better in flap method compared to TIP method in distal hypospadias patients underwent urethroplasty.
... Distal hypospadia includes granular, subcoronal, distal penile, midshaft, and proximal penile part. While proximal hypospadia includes penoscrotal, scrotal, and perineal [14]. ...
... The total of HOPE score range from 1 to 10. The interpretation of HOPE score is divided into two groups, not satisfied group with HOPE score ≤ 45, and satisfied group with HOPE score > 45 [14,19]. ...
... In Table 3 we can see that the percentage of satisfaction level based on HOPE score was higher in distal hypospadia compared to the proximal hypospadia (69,2%) and there was a significant difference between the types of hypospadia and HOPE score (p<0,05). Many factors led to the high post surgery complications on the proximal type of hypospadia especially in term of the cosmetic outcome, it can be from the process of hypospadia disease, the degree of hypoplastic tissues of the penis, and inadequate surgery techniques [14,23,24]. ...
Introduction and Objectives
Hypospadias is a congenital disorder in boys in which the urethral meatus is located on the ventral penis. The incidence rate of hypospadias is increasing, however, there is still no literature regarding how significant is the role of maternal and environmental factors to the risk of hypospadias, especially in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the maternal and environmental factors during pregnancy to the risk of hypospadias.
Materials and Methods
This study was an analytical observational study with a case control design. The subjects were mothers who gave birth to children with hypospadias, compared to normal, who visited the urology, pediatric-surgery, plastic-surgery, and pediatric clinic at Hasan Sadikin General Hospital.
Results
A total of 120 samples (60 cases and 60 control) were included in this study. There were 14 maternal factors, which 5 of them found significantly correlated with hypospadias, including maternal occupation as an industrial worker ( P = .003; OR:4.789), pregnancy-enhancing drugs usage ( P = .004; OR: 5.783), smoking consumption ( P = .034; OR: 2.294), mosquito-repellant usage ( P = .0001; OR: 82.600), and preterm birth ( P = .013; OR: 2.895). There were 2 environmental factors, and one of them was significant, which was the distance from home to industrial/rice fields/waste areas, approximately 780 m ( P = .0001; OR: 6.102). Based on multivariate analysis, we found that maternal occupation, mosquito repellent usage, and the distance from home to industrial area had a strong relationship in predicting hypospadias occurrence.
Conclusion
Several maternal and environmental factors were found significantly correlated to hypospadias occurrence. Among these, mosquito-repellant usage was found to be the most significant factor.
