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Social robots are robots interacting with humans not only in collaborative settings, but also in personal settings like domestic services and healthcare. Some social robots simulate feelings (companions) while others just help lifting (assistants). However, they often incite both fascination and fear: what abilities should social robots have and wh...
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Assistive robotics and particularly robot coaches may be very helpful for rehabilitation healthcare. In this context, we propose a method based on Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model (GP-LVM) to transfer knowledge between a physiotherapist, a robot coach and a patient. Our model is able to map visual human body features to robot data in order to...
Assistive robotics and particularly robot coaches may be very helpful for rehabilitation healthcare. In this context, we propose a method based on Gaussian Process Latent Variable Model (GP-LVM) to transfer knowledge between a physiotherapist, a robot coach and a patient. Our model is able to map visual human body features to robot data in order to...
Citations
... Humanoid Robot Sophia[7] ...
Computer vision is an artificial intelligence field that is widely used in many fields today. Smart glasses and humanoid robots, on the other hand, are new technologies with a lot of investment, but their development is progressing very quickly and impressively. Computer vision and augmented reality constitute the working principle of smart glasses. On the other hand, the data and technologies to be obtained with smart glasses directly affect the development of humanoid robots. While humanoid robots are on the way to become a big part of our future, computer vision and smart glasses are the main subjects of this article as areas that enable the development of this technology. In this study, the interaction of smart glasses and humanoid robots was examined. The effect and development of computer vision on smart glasses and humanoid robots are explained. In addition, the effect of artificial intelligence and mind reading investments on humanoid robots in the future is also mentioned.
... For a long time, humans have wanted to give life to inanimate objects or try to recreate a human. As far back as we can go, traces of the first "robot" can be found in Greek mythology [2]. ...
Background
The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the medical field has the potential to bring about significant improvements in patient care and outcomes. AI is being used in dentistry and more specifically in orthodontics through the development of diagnostic imaging tools, the development of treatment planning tools, and the development of robotic surgery. The aim of this study is to present the latest emerging AI softwares and applications in dental field to benefit from.
Types of studies reviewed
Search strategies were conducted in three electronic databases, with no date limits in the following databases up to April 30, 2023: MEDLINE, PUBMED, and GOOGLE® SCHOLAR for articles related to AI in dentistry & orthodontics. No inclusion and exclusion criteria were used for the selection of the articles. Most of the articles included (n= 79) are reviews of the literature, retro/prospective studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and observational studies.
Results
The use of AI in dentistry and orthodontics is a rapidly growing area of research and development, with the potential to revolutionize the field and bring about significant improvements in patient care and outcomes; this can save clinicians’ chair-time and push for more individualized treatment plans. Results from the various studies reported in this review are suggestive that the accuracy of AI-based systems is quite promising and reliable.
Practical implications
AI application in the healthcare field has proven to be efficient and helpful for the dentist to be more precise in diagnosis and clinical decision-making. These systems can simplify the tasks and provide results in quick time which can save dentists time and help them perform their duties more efficiently. These systems can be of greater aid and can be used as auxiliary support for dentists with lesser experience.
... As an advanced form of AI, humanoid robotics have shown promise in the literature related to children with disabilities as well as older adults. SAR, also known as social robots, interact with humans across a variety of settings, and engage people in learning, social, rehabilitative, assistive care, and collaborative activities [27][28][29][30]. Furthermore, SAR promotes independence and well-being while interacting with the user in an intuitive fashion without extensive training or the intervention of a human operator [31]. ...
Introduction
The need for caregiver respite is well-documented for the care of persons with IDD. Social Assistive Robotics (SAR) offer promise in addressing the need for caregiver respite through ‘complementary caregiving’ activities that promote engagement and learning opportunities for a care recipient (CR) with IDD. This study explored the acceptability and usefulness of a SAR caregiver respite program responsive to feedback from both young adults with IDD and their older family caregivers (age 55+).
Method
Young adults with IDD and caregiver dyads ( N = 11) were recruited. A mixed methods research design was deployed in three phases: Phase I with four focus groups to inform the program design; Phase II for program demonstration and evaluation with pre- and post-surveys; and Phase III with post-program interviews for feedback and suggestions.
Results
Both young adults with IDD and their caregivers scored favorably the social presence of, social engagement, and satisfaction with robot Pepper. Though there was no significant improvement of caregiving burden/stress as well as well-being of the young adults with IDD based on surveys, results from interviews suggested that the SAR may offer physical/emotional respite to caregivers by providing companionship/friendship as well as promoting independence, safety/monitoring, and interactive engagement with children.
Discussion
SAR has potential in providing respite for older family caregivers. Future studies need a longer program design and larger sample size to develop a promising intervention and test its feasibility and efficacy.
... Considering the presented categorisation, this work aims at focusing to non industrial robots with assistive purpose in social environment. More specifically, service and companion robots represent the object of this work, since they represent those platforms which better suits with older adults' needs [6,8,28,34]. ...
In the last years, social robots have become a trending topic. Indeed, robots which communicate with us and mimic human behavior patterns are fascinating. However, while there is a massive body of research on their design and acceptance in different fields of application, their market potential has been rarely investigated. As their future integration in society may have a vast disruptive potential, this work aims at shedding light on the market potential, focusing on the assistive health domain. A study with 197 persons from Italy (age: M = 67.87; SD = 8.87) and Germany (age: M = 62.15; SD = 6.14) investigates cultural acceptance, desired functionalities, and purchase preferences. The participants filled in a questionnaire after watching a video illustrating some examples of social robots. Surprisingly, the individual perception of health status, social status as well as nationality did hardly influence the attitude towards social robots, although the German group was somewhat more reluctant to the idea of using them. Instead, there were significant correlations with most dimensions of the Almere model (like perceived enjoyment, sociability, usefulness and trustworthiness). Also, technology acceptance resulted strongly correlated with the individual readiness to invest money. However, as most persons consider social robots as “Assistive Technological Devices” (ATDs), they expected that their provision should mirror the usual practices followed in the two Countries for such devices. Thus, to facilitate social robots’ future visibility and adoption by both individuals and health care organisations, policy makers would need to start integrating them into official ATDs databases.
... Thus, a specific focus had been given to care scenarios. The results were optimistic, and many experts foresaw a widespread use of social robots, for example in healthcare, already in the year 2024 [12]. Almost five years after this expert evaluation, we again used the AAL-Forum in October 2021 (virtual event) to repeat and expand the study. ...
This work documents the rising acceptance of social robots for healthcare as well as their growing economic potential from 2017 to 2021. The comparison is based on two studies in the active assisted living (AAL) community. We first provide a brief overview of social robotics and a discussion of the economic potential of social health robots. We found that, despite the huge potential for robotic support in healthcare and domestic routines, social robots still lack the functionality to access that potential. At the same time, the study exemplifies a rise in acceptance: all health-related activities are more accepted in 2021 when in 2017, most of them with high statistical significance. When investigating the economic perspective, we found that persons are aware of the influence of cultural, spiritual, or religious beliefs. Most experts (57%), having a European background, expect the state or the government to be the key driver for establishing social robots in health and significantly prefer leasing or renting a social health robot to buying one. Nevertheless, we speculate that it might be a global financial elite which is first to adopt social robots.
... The research areas of social robotics and cognitive robotics are very popular now. Korn et al. pointed out that artificial intelligence and engineering allow robots with social behaviors to become an everyday phenomenon [5]. They gave the following definition. ...
This paper presents the results of a method designed to realize visualization of long-term prediction of trending research topics in the field of social and cognitive robotics. Meaningful topics were identified among the words included in the titles of scientific articles. The longevity of the citation trend growth was the target for the machine learning algorithm CatBoost. We conducted experiments on a dataset including 5 million scientific publications to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model. The accuracy rate of 5-year forecasts for a number of experiments was about 60%. Trending topics are built from trending keywords located closely in the semantic vector space. The following trending topics in the field of social and cognitive robotics have been identified: recognition, deep learning, engagement, disorder, conversation, cognitive computing, attention, robotic platform. Trending keywords and topics are visualized on a semantic map built using the t- SNE method. Visualization helps to see the Big Picture, identify promising directions, understand trending topics and reveals related keywords.
... En revanche, ces robots industriels traditionnels ont connu une révolution majeure qui les a rendus de plus en plus autonomes et faciles à commander : un robot industriel est aujourd'hui une machine capable de s'adapter et d'agir sur son environnement, même plus complexe, en remplaçant l'être humain, travaillant avec lui ou étendant certaines de ses fonctions. Un demisiècle après leur apparition, ces robots ne sont plus confinés à des environnements très fermés, et comme le souligne parfaitement [97], " Robots have long left the cage of industrial settings : they work together with humans -collaboratively." c.-à-d. ...
Cette thèse a pour objectif principal de développer une loi de commande pour contrôler un robot à deux bras afin de remplir les tâches de manipulation et de garantir les aspects de sécurité pour l'homme et le robot. Pour y parvenir, nous avons présenté un aperçu des études qui ont été menées dans ce cadre. Ensuite, nous avons procédé à la modélisation cinématique géométrique et dynamique du robot. Nous avons utilisé le logiciel SYMORO+ pour calculer son modèle dynamique. Au terme d'une présentation détaillée de la méthode d'identification des paramètres des robots manipulateurs, nous avons appliqué celle-ci de manière concrète sur notre propre robot. Ceci nous a permis d'obtenir un vecteur de paramètres capable de garantir une matrice d'inertie définie positive pour toute configuration d'articulation du robot, tout en assurant une bonne qualité de reconstruction du couple pour des vitesses articulaires à la fois constantes et variables. Grâce à cette identification dynamique, nous avons pu réaliser un simulateur précis du robot sur Matlab/Simulink. Les forces externes du robot ont été estimées à partir du module dynamique identifié et une validation expérimentale a été décrite. Pour faire appliquer des lois de commande sur un robot industriel, il a été nécessaire de réfléchir à une communication externe sur le robot. L'approche adoptée a été présentée ainsi que sa réalisation sur le robot. Cette dernière, nous a permis de programmer en python toutes nos problématiques à mettre en œuvre sur le robot. Après avoir validé toutes les étapes préalablement citées nous sommes partis vers l'implémentation de la commande sur le robot. La tâche principale que nous avons adoptée est le dénudage des câbles. A cet effet, nous avons choisi de réaliser une commande hybride force/position dans laquelle les forces externes sont contrôlées afin de garantir l'absence de dommages sur les câbles à dénuder. Le robot qui a servi à réaliser toutes les expériences est le robot IRB14000 YuMi de Abb. Toutes les expériences réalisées dans le cadre de ce projet ont été décrites et présentées. Ce travail de thèse a été réalisé dans le cadre du projet Robotix Academy financé par le fonds européen de développement régional INTERREG V-A Grande Région.
... (Breazeal, 2017). Such robots are autonomous and physically embodied agents capable of communicating emotionally and interacting with humans (Campa, 2016), in a collaborative and personal setting (such as home healthcare), through stimulating feelings (i.e., as 'companions') or providing help (i.e., assistants) (Korn, Bieber, & Fron, 2018). They engage individuals through sensory options (i.e., sound, sight, touch), deliver the interactions based on user preferences and physical abilities, and learn through their social engagements (Scoglio, Reilly, Gorman, & Drebing, 2019). ...
... Their adoption process is more complex than simply introducing these robots into the market (Mois & Beer, 2020). Nevertheless, health experts view social robots with emotion-sensing and ethical reasoning as strongly suited for health-related settings, predicting their substantial development potential (Korn et al., 2018). The use of social robots in the healthcare context raises socio-technical challenges. ...
... Healthcare professionals' resistance to social robot acceptance is related to their preference towards human dignity and individuality, rejecting standardized and technologized care (Parviainen et al., 2019). Surprisingly, experts in healthcare (from academia and business) seem to view social robots' usefulness more in health-related tasks (e.g., helping patients to go to the toilet and take medicine or doing blood tests) than in nursing tasks (e.g., putting patients to bed or washing them) which are better handled by humans (Korn et al., 2018). Overall, healthcare stakeholders agree on the benefit provided by social robots in terms of time-saving and in improving the care quality and communication with patients (Ziefle & Valdez, 2017). ...
Social robots are artificial agents communicating in a human-like way. These assistive technologies are surging particularly to address personal healthcare shortages while allowing aging people to stay in their homes. Social robots belong to a rapidly changing AI industry. Such innovation may adopt different diffusion and adoption processes due to the categorical ambiguity of these products; their features vary from those typical of an object (i.e., delivering food) to those typical of a human being (i.e., speaking with and answering to patients). Social robots combine product, service, and software elements, making them hybrid products categorized into alternative categories, fluctuating users’ attitudes towards these products. The paper draws on prior research on social robots, categorization, and innovation adoption and diffusion. The aim is to explore healthcare professionals’ perception of social robots’ adoption and diffusion, allowing us to understand how they view and handle their categorical ambiguity feature. Using the Delphi technique targeting experts with extensive knowledge of social robots and e-health practice, the results emphasize that even if the ambiguous nature of social robots may represent a barrier to their adoption, their categorical ambiguity is an opportunity to create interactive experiences that ultimately increase their acceptance and diffusion.
... The options for accepted automation were "1 = Human only," "2 = Predominantly human," "3 = Human-robot cooperation," "4 = Predominantly robot," and "5 = Robot only." The items were derived from previous literature on social robotics [42] and robot acceptance [27,30] as well as factors related to users' perception of robots [23,33]. Terrence et al. [42] summarize the state-of-the-art of social robots in different applications and provide a framework for how to design such interactive robots. ...
This article presents a study of cultural differences affecting the acceptance and design preferences of social robots. Based on a survey with 794 participants from Germany and the three Arab countries of Egypt, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia, we discuss how culture influences the preferences for certain attributes. We look at social roles, abilities and appearance, emotional awareness and interactivity of social robots, as well as the attitude toward automation. Preferences were found to differ not only across cultures, but also within countries with similar cultural backgrounds. Our findings also show a nuanced picture of the impact of previously identified culturally variable factors, such as attitudes toward traditions and innovations. While the participants’ perspectives toward traditions and innovations varied, these factors did not fully account for the cultural variations in their perceptions of social robots. In conclusion, we believe that more real-life practices emerging from the situated use of robots should be investigated. Besides focusing on the impact of broader cultural values such as those associated with religion and traditions, future studies should examine how users interact, or avoid interaction, with robots within specific contexts of use.
... Economics 0 Adshade (2017) [72] Creative arts, film, and media 2 Barber (2017) [73] Philosophy 3 Bołtuć (2017) [74] Human-technology interaction 2 Carpenter (2017) [75] Pervasive computing 3 Cheok et al (2017) [26] Medicine 6 Cox-George and Bewley (2018) [17] Gender studies ✓ 1 Cranny-Francis (2016) [76] Ethics and law 4 Danaher (2017) [77] Ethics and law 3 Danaher (2017) [78] Ethics and law 8 Danaher et al (2017) [79] Computer science 13 Devlin (2015) [80] Computer science 7 Devlin (2018) [69] Psychology ✓ 6 Döring and Pöschl (2018) [11] Medicine 1 Eggleton (2019) [81] Robotics 10 Evans (2010) [82] Clinical psychology 6 Facchin et al (2017) [83] Law and religion ✓ 7 Goldfeder and Razin (2015) [84] Law 7 Gutiu (2016) [85] Computer science 2 Hall (2017) [86] Philosophy 1 Hauskeller (2017) [87] Science and religion 1 Herzfeld (2017) [88] Technology ethics 1 Klein and Lin (2018) [89] Computer science 1 Kolivand et al (2018) [90] Media studies 11 Lee (2017) [70] Artificial intelligence 531 Levy (2007) Snell (1997) [71] Interdisciplinary studies of culture ✓ 9 Søraa (2017) [98] Literary studies 0 Wennerscheid (2018) [99] Tourism management ✓ 89 Yeoman and Mars (2012) [15] Ethics of sex robots (n=28) [107] Philosophy and ethics ✓ 13 Frank and Nyholm (2017) [108] Political science 0 Goldstein (2017) [109] Gender studies 0 González-González et al (2019) [110] Artificial intelligence 27 Levy (2012) [14] Law and medical ethics 6 Mackenzie (2014) [111] Law and medical ethics ✓ 1 Mackenzie (2018) [ [122] Robot ethics b Welsh (2015) [123] Philosophy and ethics 0 Whitby (2012) [124] Law 7 Ziaja (2011) [125] Empirical studies on sex robot use and effects (n=12) [126] Human-computer interaction 3 Bartneck and McMullen (2018) [67] Human-robot interaction 2 Edirisinghe and Cheok (2017) [127] Human-robot interaction 1 Edirisinghe et al (2018) [128] Human-computer interaction 0 Korn et al (2018) [129] Communication 8 Richards et al (2017) [130] Computer science 55 Scheutz and Arnold (2016) [131] Computer science 2 Scheutz and Arnold (2017) [132] Psychology 2 Szczuka and Krämer (2017) [133] Psychology ✓ 1 Szczuka and Krämer (2018) [134] Psychology ✓ 0 Szczuka and Krämer (2019) [135] Human-robot interaction ✓ 4 Yulianto and Shidarta (2015) [136] Sex robot representations in art and media (n=8) ...
... Another problem is the varying operational definitions of sex robots given to respondents in the surveys. A Delphi survey explored the predictions of 20 social robot experts who were reluctant regarding sexual apps [129], whereas 1 expert interview explored the sex robot predictions of the founder of sex doll and sex robot manufacturer Abyss Creations, Matthew McMullen [67]. ...
Background
Although sex toys representing human body parts are widely accepted and normalized, human-like full-body sex dolls and sex robots have elicited highly controversial debates.
Objective
This systematic scoping review of the academic literature on sex dolls and sex robots, the first of its kind, aimed to examine the extent and type of existing academic knowledge and to identify research gaps against this backdrop.
Methods
A comprehensive multidisciplinary, multidatabase search strategy was used. All steps of literature search and selection, data charting, and synthesis followed the leading methodological guideline, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. A total of 29 (17 peer reviewed) and 98 publications (32 peer reviewed) for sex dolls and sex robots, respectively, from 1993 to 2019 were included.
Results
According to the topics and methodologies, the sex doll and sex robot publications were divided into 5 and 6 groups, respectively. The majority of publications were theoretical papers. Thus far, no observational or experimental research exists that uses actual sex dolls or sex robots as stimulus material.
Conclusions
There is a need to improve the theoretical elaboration and the scope and depth of empirical research examining the sexual uses of human-like full-body material artifacts, particularly concerning not only risks but also opportunities for sexual and social well-being.
