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In the most recent scientific reports based on the DNA or RNA-analyses a widespread presence of the filamentous fungi, Mortierella in various environments has been shown. Some strains of this genus belong to the plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) and are found in the bulk soil, rhizosphere and plants tissues. These microorganisms are also often fo...
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... species, representing plant growth-promoting abilities (Figure 1) are isolated from the agricultural soils (bulk soil, rhizosphere soil) ( Table 1). ...Context 2
... species, representing plant growth-promoting abilities ( Figure 1) are isolated from the agricultural soils (bulk soil, rhizosphere soil) ( Table 1). Recent studies of rhizosphere soils or endophytes of various plant species proved that the presence of Mortierella provides a higher resistance at soil-borne pathogens or/and improve plant growth (Table 2) [9,33,64,65]. ...Similar publications
The health benefits of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have encouraged the search for rich sources of these compounds. However, the supply chain of PUFAs from animals and plants presents environmental concerns, such as water pollution, deforestation, animal exploitation and interference in the trophic chain. In this way, a viable alternative ha...
Citations
... Aspergillus has been shown to be enriched below biocrusts during citrus root flush and fruit maturation [56]. Moreover, Mortierella species are common soil and endophytic fungi known for their diverse beneficial traits, e.g., enhancing plant growth and plant defenses [57]. Additionally, they have the ability to induce xenobiotic degradation [58]. ...
... Bacterial taxa belonging to this phylum were also detected as the most prevalent in soils suppressive to F. oxysporum wilt [68]. Other bacterial core genera enriched in the soil of these orchards have been described in disease-suppressive soils and included Rubrobacter [57], Pirellula, RB41, Gemmata, and Skermanella [69,70]. Moreover, Bacillus, identified as a core member of the citrus rhizosphere and a dominant genus in citrus soil [25,26], was also found to be enriched in our samples. ...
Mal secco is a vascular disease of citrus caused by the mitosporic fungus Plenodomus tracheiphilus. Soil containing infected plant material constitutes an inoculum source for root infections. In this study, the soil bacterial and fungal communities of five lemon orchards located in Syracuse Province (Sicily, Italy) affected by mal secco were analyzed. Soil samples were collected under lemon tree canopies and subjected to total genomic DNA extraction. The fungal DNA was detected through qPCR in all orchards, with variable concentrations. Bacterial and fungal communities were profiled using 16S and ITS amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing, respectively. According to our results, the relative abundances of the most represented bacterial phyla (e.g., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Acidobacteriota) changed across the orchards, while in the fungal community, the phylum Ascomycota was dominant, with Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota abundances fluctuating. On the whole, β diversity analysis showed significant variation in the composition of the soil microbial communities across the orchards. This result was confirmed by the analysis of the core community (taxa present at ≥ 75% of total samples), where putative beneficial bacteria resulted in significantly enriched fungus-infected soil samples, suggesting complex microbial interactions. Our findings shed light on the composition and diversity of the soil microbiome in lemon orchards with the occurrence of mal secco infections.
... Ligustrisporites and Cladisporites can easily cause plant diseases (Bensch et al., 2012). Non-pathogenic microorganisms of Mortieresporites can promote the growth and development of crops and have become an international research hotspot (Ozimek and Hanaka, 2020). Mortierella elongata plays a significant role in nutrient transformation and promotes plant growth in mineral soils (Li et al., 2018). ...
Introduction: Weeds are significant factors that detrimentally affect crop health
and hinder optimal herbage yield. Rhizosphere microorganisms play crucial roles in
plant growth, development, and nutrient uptake. Therefore, research focusing on
weed control through the lens of microorganisms has emerged as a prominent area
of study. The oil-producing fungus Mortierella, which is known for its numerous
agricultural benefits, has garnered significant attention in recent years.
Methods: In this study, we conducted inoculation experiments in a controlled
artificial culture climate chamber to investigate the effects of differential
hormones and differentially expressed genes in the stems and leaves of Digitaria
sanguinalis using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry and RNA-
seq techniques, respectively. Additionally, Pearson’s correlation analysis was used
to establish correlations between differential hormones and growth indicators of
Digitaria sanguinalis.
Results and discussion: The results demonstrated that inoculation with Mortierella
sp. MXBP304 effectively suppressed aboveground biomass and plant height
in Digitaria sanguinalis. Furthermore, there was significant upregulation and
downregulation in the expression of genes involved in the synthesis and metabolism
of phenylalanine and L-phenylalanine. Conversely, the expression of genes related
to tryptophan, L-tryptophan, and indole was significantly downregulated. The
addition of Mortierella sp. MXBP304 can influence the gene expression associated
with phenylalanine and tryptophan synthesis and metabolism during Digitaria
sanguinalis growth, subsequently reducing the relative contents of phenylalanine
and tryptophan, thereby directly inhibiting Digitaria sanguinalis growth.
... Among all Mortierella species, the most commonly recovered in caves were M. alpina and M. elongata (=Linnemannia elongata) [24,25,59]. Many species of the genus Mortierella have been isolated from bats, dung samples collected in caves and mines, wings and bat carcasses, in addition to soils where they are abundant [16,[58][59][60]. Podila species are frequent in soils, compost and dung [45]. ...
The Gypsum Karst of Sorbas, Almeria, southeast Spain, includes a few caves whose entrances are open and allow the entry and roosting of numerous bats. Caves are characterized by their diversity of gypsum speleothems, such as stalactites, coralloids, gypsum crusts, etc. Colored biofilms can be observed on the walls of most caves, among which the Covadura and C3 caves were studied. The objective was to determine the influence that bat mycobiomes may have on the fungal communities of biofilms. The results indicate that the fungi retrieved from white and yellow biofilms in Covadura Cave (Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, Basidiomycota) showed a wide diversity, depending on their location, and were highly influenced by the bat population, the guano and the arthropods that thrive in the guano, while C3 Cave was more strongly influenced by soil- and arthropod-related fungi (Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota), due to the absence of roosting bats.
... In this study, the relative abundance of Chaetomium in the nonrhizosphere and rhizosphere soil samples of Akihime was significantly higher than that in the F. nilgerrensis samples (p < 0.05) (Figures 5B,D). Mortierella is an important source of beneficial fungi (Büttner et al., 2021;Ozimek and Hanaka, 2021), and its relative abundance in the Akihime samples was significantly higher than that in the F. nilgerrensis samples (p < 0.05) ( Figures 5B,D). ...
Fragaria nilgerrensis is a wild strawberry species widely distributed in southwest China and has strong ecological adaptability. Akihime (F. × ananassa Duch. cv. Akihime) is one of the main cultivated strawberry varieties in China and is prone to infection with a variety of diseases. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to analyze and compare the soil and root microbiomes of F. nilgerrensis and Akihime. Results indicate that the wild species F. nilgerrensis showed higher microbial diversity in nonrhizosphere soil and rhizosphere soil and possessed a more complex microbial network structure compared with the cultivated variety Akihime. Genera such as Bradyrhizobium and Anaeromyxobacter, which are associated with nitrogen fixation and ammonification, and Conexibacter, which is associated with ecological toxicity resistance, exhibited higher relative abundances in the rhizosphere and nonrhizosphere soil samples of F. nilgerrensis compared with those of Akihime. Meanwhile, the ammonia-oxidizing archaea Candidatus Nitrososphaera and Candidatus Nitrocosmicus showed the opposite tendencies. We also found that the relative abundances of potential pathogenic genera and biocontrol bacteria in the Akihime samples were higher than those in the F. nilgerrensis samples. The relative abundances of Blastococcus, Nocardioides, Solirubrobacter, and Gemmatimonas, which are related to pesticide degradation, and genus Variovorax, which is associated with root growth regulation, were also significantly higher in the Akihime samples than in the F. nilgerrensis samples. Moreover, the root endophytic microbiomes of both strawberry species, especially the wild F. nilgerrensis, were mainly composed of potential biocontrol and beneficial bacteria, making them important sources for the isolation of these bacteria. This study is the first to compare the differences in nonrhizosphere and rhizosphere soils and root endogenous microorganisms between wild and cultivated strawberries. The findings have great value for the research of microbiomes, disease control, and germplasm innovation of strawberry.
... Interestingly, this module included both beneficial and pathogenic players. One prominent member is Mortierella, an agricultural inoculant known for its cellulose, hemicellulose, and chitinase-degrading enzymes Ozimek and Hanaka 2020). Studies have shown that M. alpina inoculation significantly suppresses ginseng root rot caused by Fusarium while promoting plant growth-promoting bacteria and fostering a more stable network ). ...
Aims
Banana Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4) is a typical destructive soil-borne disease, which was the main limiting factor for the sustainable development of the banana industry worldwide. In banana production, soil physiochemical properties and soil microbiome were effectively affected the occurrence and spread of Fusarium wilt. However, there is still a lack of systematic research, particularly in exploring the correlation between the occurrence of banana Fusarium wilt and soil properties across various climates and soil types.
Methods
In this study we investigated the soil physicochemical properties, bacterial and fungal community composition, and pathogenic fungal abundance in 140 banana plantations which were affected by banana Fusarium wilt in Yunnan Province, China.
Results
The results showed that the abundance of soil-borne pathogenic fungi was positively correlated with total phosphorus, total nitrogen, organic matter, urease activity, annual precipitation, and the alpha diversity of bacterial and fungal communities. In contrast, it showed a significant negative correlation with the annual mean temperature. As the abundance of pathogen increased, numerous potential disease-suppressive bacterial genera (such as Rhodanobacter, Gemmatimonas, Novosphingobium) and soil-borne pathogenic fungal genera (such as Plectosphaerella, Nigrospora, Cyphellophora) also increased, and the co-occurrence network showed a higher modularization index.
Conclusions
The results enhance the understanding of the patterns of soil-borne pathogenic fungal population dynamics in banana plantations, which would provide evidence and guidance for reducing pathogenic fungal abundance and selecting beneficial microorganisms in banana production. Furthermore, this would provide a theoretical basis for sustainable prevention and control of banana wilt disease.
... LWL3 [39]. Mortierella could product and accumulate IAA in its mycelia, meanwhile, it also could product the organic acids to desorb phosphorus in contributing to bioavailable phosphorus in the environment [40]. Mortierella was the unique dominant rhizospheric fungi in the CW. ...
Fruit shape is an important character of watermelon. And the compositions of rhizospheric and endophytic microorganisms of watermelon with different fruit shape also remains unclear. To elucidate the biological mechanism of watermelon fruit shape formations, the rhizospheric and endophytic microbial community compositions between oval (OW) and circular watermelons (CW) were analyzed. The results showed that except of the rhizospheric bacterial richness (P < 0.05), the rhizospheric and endophytic microbial (bacterial and fungal) diversity were not statistically significant between OW and CW (P > 0.05). However, the endophytic microbial (bacterial and fungal) compositions were significantly different. Firstly, Bacillus, Rhodanobacter, Cupriavidus, Luteimonas, and Devosia were the unique soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of circular watermelon (CW); In contrast, Nocardioides, Ensifer, and Saccharomonospora were the special soil dominant bacterial genera in rhizospheres of oval watermelons (OW); Meanwhile, Cephalotrichum, Neocosmospora, Phialosimplex, and Papulaspora were the unique soil dominant fungal genera in rhizospheres of circular watermelon (CW); By contrast, Acremonium, Cladosporium, Cryptococcus_f__Tremellaceae, Sodiomyces, Microascus, Conocybe, Sporidiobolus, and Acremonium were the unique soil dominant fungal genera in rhizospheres of oval watermelons (OW). Additionally, Lechevalieria, Pseudorhodoferax, Pseudomonas, Massilia, Flavobacterium, Aeromicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Pseudonocardia, Novosphingobium, Melittangium, and Herpetosiphon were the unique dominant endophytic bacterial genera in stems of CW; In contrast, Falsirhodobacter, Kocuria, and Kineosporia were the special dominant endophytic genera in stems of OW; Moreover, Lectera and Fusarium were the unique dominant endophytic fungal genera in stems of CW; By contrast, Cercospora only was the special dominant endophytic fungal genus in stems of OW. All above results suggested that watermelons with different fruit shapes exactly recruited various microorganisms in rhizospheres and stems. Meanwhile, the enrichments of the different rhizosphric and endophytic microorganisms could be speculated in relating to watermelon fruit shapes formation.
... Mortierella has the ability to activate phosphorus, decompose organic matter, and promote the absorption of mineral elements by plant roots as a common bene cial microorganism in rhizosphere soil (Whipps et al., 2004). It can also promote the carbon cycle in the soil, be conducive to plant growth, and signi cantly enhance plant resistance (Ozimek et al., 2020). The quantity of Mortierella in rain-shelter cultivation is higher than in open-eld cultivation from the owering stage to the withering stage. ...
Rainfall, particularly in continental climates with a monsoonal tendency, impacts the microbial niches during mountain-cultivated ginseng growth. With microbial community shifts, ginseng diseases cultivated and protected under rain-shelter cultivation may ultimately be altered. Such cultivation may influence microflora dynamics via meteorological parameter variations; however, this is unclear yet. The present study found that rain-shelter cultivation affects the distribution of fungal communities within the mountain-cultivated ginseng. This led to an improved community structure in the ginseng rhizosphere, characterized by the proliferation of antagonistic fungi and a reduction in pathogenic fungi. Alternaria, the pathogen of black spot, has exhibited larger differences, reaching more than 2 times during the flowering period and 4 times during the withering period. The correlation analysis of meteorological factors indicates that soil temperature and humidity are the primary meteorological factors that affect mountain-cultivated ginseng. It is evident that rain-shelter cultivation regulated the microecological environment of the mountain-cultivated ginseng rhizosphere and resulted in positive outcomes. The disease investigation supports this point; the number of main diseases under rain-shelter cultivation was lower than those under open-field cultivation. The incidence of ginseng root diseases, such as rust rot and root rot, was reduced by 5–6%. And the incidence of ginseng leaf diseases, including gray mold and black spot, was reduced by 5–10%. This research provides evidence to address the dynamics of microbial ecology under rain-shelter cultivation and its benefits for sustainable mountain-cultivated ginseng management.
... Mortierella have various characteristics supporting the Frontiers in Microbiology 17 frontiersin.org defense mechanisms in plants, promoting plant growth, and reshaping the soil microbiological community (Ozimek and Hanaka, 2020). Podospora is usually abundant in healthy soil and can decay recalcitrant lignocelluloses (Couturier et al., 2016). ...
Chinese cabbage, scientifically known as Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis, is a highly popular vegetable in China for its delectable taste. However, the occurrence of bacterial soft rot disease poses a significant threat to its growth and overall development. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage against bacterial soft rot disease. Specifically, the investigation focused on understanding the relationship between the disease and the microbial communities present in the soil surrounding the roots of Chinese cabbage. Significant disparities were observed in the composition of microbial communities present in the root-zone soil of healthy Chinese cabbage plants compared to those affected by Pectobacterium brasiliense-caused soft rot disease. The analysis of 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing results revealed a lower abundance of Proteobacteria (8.39%), Acidobacteriot (0.85), Sphingomonas (3.51%), and Vicinamibacteraceae (1.48%), whereas Firmicutes (113.76%), Bacteroidota (8.71%), Chloroflexi (4.89%), Actinobacteriota (1.71%), A4b (15.52%), Vicinamibacterales (1.62%), and Gemmatimonadaceae (1.35%) were more prevalent in healthy plant soils. Similarly, the analysis of ITS gene high-throughput sequencing results indicated a reduced occurrence of Chytridiomycota (23.58%), Basidiomycota (21.80%), Plectosphaerella (86.22%), and Agaricomycetes (22.57%) in healthy soils. In comparison, Mortierellomycota (50.72%), Ascomycota (31.22%), Podospora (485.08%), and Mortierella (51.59%) were more abundant in healthy plant soils. In addition, a total of 15 bacterial strains were isolated from the root-zone soil of diseased Chinese cabbage plants. These isolated strains demonstrated the ability to fix nitrogen (with the exception of ZT20, ZT26, ZT41, ZT45, and ZT61), produce siderophores and indole acetic acid (IAA), and solubilize phosphate. Notably, ZT14 (Citrobacter freundii), ZT33 (Enterobacter cloacae), ZT41 (Myroides odoratimimus), ZT52 (Bacillus paramycoides), ZT58 (Klebsiella pasteurii), ZT45 (Klebsiella aerogenes), and ZT32 (Pseudomonas putida) exhibited significant growth-promoting effects as determined by the plant growth promotion (PGP) tests. Consequently, this investigation not only confirmed the presence of the soft rot pathogen in Chinese cabbage plants in Hangzhou, China, but also advanced our understanding of the defense mechanisms employed by Chinese cabbage to combat soft rot-induced stress. Additionally, it identified promising plant-growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs) that could be utilized in the future to enhance the Chinese cabbage industry.
... This was consistent with the results of many species composition analyses of fungi in mining areas, and the soil in the mining area provides an important shelter and nutrient supply for fungi [22,[77][78][79][80]. Fungi play particularly important roles in mineral dissolution, metal and anion cycling, and the formation of free-living and symbiotic forms of minerals [81], which means that fungi can also restore the ecology of mine wastelands [82]. Some studies have shown that fungi of the genera Mortierella, Penicillium, and Alternaria promote plant growth under certain conditions by increasing the organic matter in the soil, improving the soil structure, supplying elements needed by plants, producing metabolites favorable to plant growth, and forming a symbiotic relationship with plants [83][84][85]. Morterella reduces phosphorus in the soil by desorbing phosphorus from the surface of soil mineral particles [86,87], and it also produces plant growth regulators such as IAA, gibberellic acid (GA), and ACC deaminase to improve plant stress tolerance [88,89]. Penicillium promotes plant growth in mining areas by producing organic acids that dissolve stable nutrients in the soil [90,91]. ...
Mining activities in the kaolin mining area have led to the disruption of the ecological health of the mining area and nearby soils, but the effects on the fungal communities in the rhizosphere soils of the plants are not clear. Three common plants (Conyza bonariensis, Artemisia annua, and Dodonaea viscosa) in kaolin mining areas were selected and analyzed their rhizosphere soil fungal communities using ITS sequencing. The alpha diversity indices (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, observed-species, pielou-e) of the fungal communities decreased to different extents in different plants compared to the non-kauri mining area. The β-diversity (PCoA, NMDS) analysis showed that the rhizosphere soil fungal communities of the three plants in the kaolin mine area were significantly differentiated from those of the control plants grown in the non-kaolin mine area, and the extent of this differentiation varied among the plants. The analysis of fungal community composition showed that the dominant fungi in the rhizosphere fungi of C. bonariensis and A. annua changed, with an increase in the proportion of Mycosphaerella (genus) by about 20% in C. bonariensis and A. annua. An increase in the proportion of Didymella (genus) by 40% in D. viscosa was observed. At the same time, three plant rhizosphere soils were affected by kaolin mining activities with the appearance of new fungal genera Ochrocladosporium and Plenodomus. Predictive functional potential analysis of the samples revealed that a significant decrease in the potential of functions such as biosynthesis and glycolysis occurred in the rhizosphere fungal communities of kaolin-mined plants compared to non-kaolin-mined areas. The results show that heavy metals and plant species are the key factors influencing these changes, which suggests that selecting plants that can bring more abundant fungi can adapt to heavy metal contamination to restore soil ecology in the kaolin mining area.
... A high relative abundance of Mortierella has also been observed in the fungal communities of G. elata by Wang et al. (2023) and Yu et al. (2023). Mortierella species in agricultural soils, the rhizosphere, and vegetable tissues are plant growth-promoting fungi (Ozimek and Hanaka, 2020). They increase bioavailable P, form Fe complexes, and produce phytoregulators, such as gibberellic acid, indoleacetic acid, abscisic acid, and ACC deaminase Ozimek et al., 2018;Zhang et al., 2020). ...
Symbiotic microbes are essential for developing and growing Gastrodia elata, an achlorophyllous orchid of high medicinal value. Recently, the cultivation of G. elata in greenhouses has been adopted in Korea to produce mature tubers in a short time. However, no studies have been conducted on the microbial community structure of G. elata cultivated in greenhouse environments. Therefore, we analyzed the temporal features of bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere of G. elata at the juvenile [JT; 2 months after sowing (MAS)], young (YT; 6 MAS), and mature (MT; 11 MAS) tuber stages using culture-dependent and high-throughput sequencing technology. The richness and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities decreased with tuber growth of G. elata. The symbiotic fungi Mycena sp. and Armillaria sp. as well as tuber extract inhibited the growth of various soil-inhabiting fungal and bacterial strains, indicating that G. elata and its symbiotic fungi play important roles in the selection of rhizosphere microbes. Mortierella rishikesha was the most abundant fungal species in the rhizosphere. We also identified the microorganisms potentially beneficial for G. elata development during greenhouse cultivation. Tubers and symbiotic fungi actively exert selective pressure on rhizosphere microbes, influencing the diversity and abundance of bacterial and fungal communities as G. elata grows. This study is a first report on the temporal microbial community structure of G. elata cultivated in greenhouse. The results on the associated microbiome of G. elata will help understand their beneficial interactions with G. elata and contribute to improvement in cultivation.
