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![Terrestrial heat flow density distribution [mW/m 2 ] within the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units. Basic scheme of structure boundaries and faults constructed from maps of Lexa et al. (2000) and of Kruglov and Gurskij, 2007.](publication/304401880/figure/fig1/AS:385607068078081@1468947297516/Terrestrial-heat-flow-density-distribution-mW-m-2-within-the-Transcarpathian.png)
Terrestrial heat flow density distribution [mW/m 2 ] within the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units. Basic scheme of structure boundaries and faults constructed from maps of Lexa et al. (2000) and of Kruglov and Gurskij, 2007.
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![Fig. 2. Terrestrial heat flow density distribution [mW/m 2 ] within the...](publication/304401880/figure/fig1/AS:385607068078081@1468947297516/Terrestrial-heat-flow-density-distribution-mW-m-2-within-the-Transcarpathian_Q320.jpg)
The contribution presents the results acquired both by direct cognitive geothermic
methods and by modelling approaches of the lithosphere thermal state in the region
of the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units. The activities were aimed at
the determination of the temperature field distribution and heat flow density distribution
in the...
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The studied area, as the part of the Malé Karpaty Mts., is an integral part of the Western Carpathian orogenic belt. The Komberek karst area is built up by the Tatricum and Fatricum tectonic units. The studied area belongs to the Kuchyňa-Orešany Karst, where on the northeastern part the karst plain Komberek (Kŕč) Hill (409 m a.s.l.) is situated. Du...
The paper serves as an overview of facts on the Carpathian – Pannonian Tertiary development. It discusses about 35 geophysical/geological data " layers " of the database presented in the entire chapter, correlates them briefly and notes main results of such a multidisciplinary synthesis. This synthesis indicates that the remnant Carpathian Flysch B...
![Fig. 3. Terrestrial heat flow density distribution [mW/m 2 ] in the...](publication/321013364/figure/fig3/AS:631619484389395@1527601228157/Terrestrial-heat-flow-density-distribution-mW-m-2-in-the-Slovakia-and-adjacent-area_Q320.jpg)
The contribution presents the results of geothermic interpretation approaches applied to measured geothermal data and is focused to determination of the thermal conditions both for application of classic hydrothermal sources exploitation and specialized EGS technologies for electricity production in the region of Slovakia and adjacent areas. Primar...
Citations
... The interpretations also take into account the results of other geophysical methods (e.g., magnetotelluric, magnetic, seismic, and geothermic). We also benefited from previously-published geophysical studies of other crustal and mantle parameters, such as electrical conductivity, thermal fields in Slovakia, etc. (e.g., Fusán et al. 1971Fusán et al. , 1979Plančár 1980), as well as from results of the APVV projects THERMES (e.g., Majcin et al. 2016Majcin et al. , 2017 and LITHORES (Vozár et al. 2022). ...
... Відповідно, теплові потоки коливаються в межах 36-130 мВт/м 2 [Кутас, 2014;Majcin et al. , 2016] (рис. 4). ...
... Majcin, D., Kutas, R., Bilčik, D., Bezak, V., & Korchagin, I. (2016). Thermal conditions for geothermal energy exploitation in the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units. ...
The article presents the results of comprehensive analysis of geodynamic conditions, geothermal regime, distribution of oil-and-gas deposits, as well as degassing of Earth’s crust in the Ukrainian sector of the Eastern Carpathians, being a part of the Carpathian petroliferous province. Within the boundaries of the Ukrainian sector of the Carpathians, three main tectonic units are distinguished: the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep, the Folded Carpathians, and the Transcarpathian Trough. Each of them consists of several zones or tectonic covers. Oil-and-gas deposits are mainly concentrated within the Pre-Carpathian Foredeep. Gas deposits prevail in its outer zone, while the oil deposits in inner one. Seve-ral small methane deposits were discovered in the Transcarpathian Trough, and only one deposit in the Folded Carpathians.Earth’s crust within the whole Carpathian region is characterized by high level of gas saturation. Here methane and carbon dioxide prevail. According to chemical composition of gas and isotopic signature of carbon in carbonaceous gases, two areas can be distinguished within the region: north-east, where methane dominates, and south-west, where carbon dioxide prevails. These areas are divided by the Central Carpathian tectonic zone. They adhere to geothermal zoning. The former is characterized by low geothermal activity (heat flow density is 35—60 mW/m2), and the latter — by high level activity (heat flow density exceeds 70 mW/m2). Hydrocarbon deposits are formed in three stages, concurring with three stages of tectonic evolution of the Carpathians. The first stage is distinguished by accumulation of primary components (carbon, hydrogen, oxygen) and thermal activity increase. It concurs with a stage of lithosphere destruction and extension, ocean basin generation, sedimentation, asthenosphere uplift, as well as formation of deep fluid-and-gas flows. At the second stage, hydrocarbon generation commences. It corresponds to the stage of lithosphere collapse, activation of subduction and collision processes, depression and heating of sedimentary strata, enriched in organic substances and water. At the third stage, the processes of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation proceed. Time interval for deposit formation is coincident with the last stage of the Carpathians evolution during Badenian and Sarmatian time, as well as with formation of overthrusts, deep depressions, and thick masses of Miocene argillaceous deposits.
... Morphostructures in its northern part separated by sub-Tatra fault system and Hornád depressions show the longest and most actively uplifting tendency in the Western Carpathians (Vanko et al., 1988;Joó, 1992; Š efara & Bielik in Pereszlényi et al., 1996). In the southeast, the East Slovak basin (Fig. 3) is a neotectonically subsiding block with the thinnest crust and consequently high thermal flow in the Western Carpathians (Šefara et al., 1987a;Franko et al., 1995;Bielik et al., 2010;Janík et al., 2011, Majcin et al., 2016; it is defined by ~8-9 km thick Neogene fill (Šefara et al., 1987a;Vass et al., 2000). Neotectonic movements of the region have been recognised only in the wide Western Carpathian context till now (e.g. ...
... Morphostructures in its northern part separated by sub-Tatra fault system and Hornád depressions show the longest and most actively uplifting tendency in the Western Carpathians (Vanko et al., 1988;Joó, 1992; Š efara & Bielik in Pereszlényi et al., 1996). In the southeast, the East Slovak basin (Fig. 3) is a neotectonically subsiding block with the thinnest crust and consequently high thermal flow in the Western Carpathians (Šefara et al., 1987a;Franko et al., 1995;Bielik et al., 2010;Janík et al., 2011, Majcin et al., 2016; it is defined by ~8-9 km thick Neogene fill (Šefara et al., 1987a;Vass et al., 2000). Neotectonic movements of the region have been recognised only in the wide Western Carpathian context till now (e.g. ...
The eastern part of the Western Carpathians orogenic wedge covering the territory eastward from the 20 • meridian could serve as an example for close relation between basement rock structural anisotropy and the neo-tectonic morphostructural pattern. The neotectonic evolution of the region has been guided by crustal deformations of the entire main Western Carpathian fault systems, defined by steeply dipping faults of NE-SW, NW-SE, S-N and E-W directions. The fault sets bound morphostructural units and form the base for the Qua-ternary neotectonic activity and landscape development of the region. Closely linked to Western Carpathian lineaments they reflect both the Moho topography and directional orientation of adjoining platform margins. The fault sets represent inherited, poly-stage structures genetically correlating to Cretaceous fold pattern of the Western Carpathians being repeatedly reactivated during Cenozoic times. Summarising vertical movement ratios among neotectonic units, particularly between the highest uplifted/subsiding blocks, we have found the maximal Quaternary movements rate of the region reaching ca 1315 m and neotectonic movements rate of 1710 m.
... The publications Majcin et al. (2016Majcin et al. ( , 2017 create the optimal geothermal base for selection of areas from region under study suitable for the deep geothermal energy utilization in the electric energy production. The mentioned papers provide, among other things, the depth distributions for deep temperature of about 160 • C which is sufficient for the reasonable economic exploitation of the geothermal energy for electricity production minimally by the binary cycle technologies. ...
Our contribution presents the geological analysis results of the lithological composition for deep geothermal sources characterized by the thermal conditions suitable for application of classic hydrothermal sources exploitation and specialized EGS technologies for the electricity production in the territory of Slovakia. The results are presented in the form of lithological characterization for the isothermal surface depths with the reservoir temperature of 160 °C. The lithological conditions of geothermal source regions were constructed using available published and archive materials. From the point of view of technically utilized depths (up to 5000 m) there are two most perspective regions – Eastern Slovakia and Danube Basin with surrounding areas. We tried to characterize supposed lithological composition also in second category of geothermal sources between 5and 6km.
... sub-basins where the coarse-clastic material without volcanic material was deposited is unclear (Ryb?r et al. 2015), since there are no wells with a total depth of 6000-8000 m (estimated basement depth of the Danube Basin central part). The Middle Miocene rifting with a maximal subsidence of depocentres proceeded from west to east (Lankreijer et al., 1995;Majcin et al., 2016)does not affect the ?eliezovce depression. The subsiding shelf at the basin eastern margin was bordered by the subaquatic Pozba elevation in the north and by the Transdanubian swell in the south (Fig. 3A,B, 5). ...
The Danube Basin is situated between the Eastern Alps, Western Carpathians and Transdanubian mountain ranges and represents a classic petroleum prospection site. The basin fill is known from many 2D reflection seismic lines and deep wells with measured e-logs which provided a good opportunity for theories about its evolution. New analyses of deep wells situated in the Danube Basin northeastern margin allowed us to refine stratigraphy and to interpret various depositional systems. This also allowed us to outline changes in provenance of sediment during the Cenozoic. The performed interpretation of the Paleogene and Neogene depositional systems also confirmed the Oligocene–Early Miocene exhumation of the basin pre-Neogene basement. Opening and development of the Middle to Late Miocene basin depocentres above the boundary between the Western Carpathians and Northern Pannonian domain was recognized. Our analysis contributed to a better understanding of the Hurbanovo–Diösjenő fault which acts as an inherited weakness zone along the boundary of two crustal fragments with different provenance. We document various basin types stacked one on another (retro-arc, back-arc, and extensional hinterland basin). The analysis of sediment sources reveals intricate geodynamic processes during the Eastern Alpine–Western Carpathian orogenic system collision with European platform (formation of ALCAPA microplate) and its successive tectonics escape during the Pannonian Basin System origination.
... Further analysis by PCA also showed the main dichotomy of mountain and lowland sites in Protura taxonomic composition, and the unique position of the Chorna Hora reserve. Differences in the faunas can be mainly attributed to elevation gradient, differences in geomorphology (see Pécskay et al. 2000;Hetényi et al. 2009;Ren et al. 2012;Suda et al. 2014;Majcin et al. 2016), and local climate and vegetation cover (Drescher and Prots 2005). Fig. 3. Ordination of sites and distributtion of Protura species within the transition zone. ...
The biodiversity of transitional zones is unique, due to mixing and co-occurrence of biotic elements. Despite this, our basic knowledge on distributional patterns of soil microarthropods in areas where biogeographic regions overlap is insufficient. We studied the biogeographic patterns of Protura across three natural landforms in Ukraine within the Transcarpathia (Transcarpathian Lowland, Transcarpathian foothills, and Volcanic Ukrainian Carpathian), which are influenced by adjacent biogeographic areas (mainly Alpine and Pannonian). We hypothesised that these overlaps have brought about an increase in Protura diversity, due to inclusion of faunal elements from diverse origins and differing in geographical histories. Distinct differences in the species composition of Protura were found among lowland, foothill, and mountain sites within Transcarpathia. Mountain sites mainly have Protura species with a wide continental distribution, while species of the foothills mainly stem from the Pannonian biogeographic region. The highest number of proturan endemics was associated with the Transcarpathian foothills. We conclude that the Transcarpathian region can be defined as a biogeographical transition zone for soil microarthopods, exemplified by Protura, and that foothill sites such as the volcanic-tectonic mountain Chorna Hora is a local hotspot of diversity and endemism, representing the most valuable parts of Transcarpathia with respect to diversity and endemism.
... We constructed the starting geothermal models using these methods. Similarly to the paper (Majcin et al., 2016) these models were supplemented by existing results of the geothermal modelling made for the studied region both for steady state (Čermák and Bodri, 1986;Bielik et al., 1991;Majcin, 1993) and transient thermal regimes (Kutas et al., 1989;Majcin and Tsvyashchenko, 1994;Majcin et al., 1998;Tarasov et al., 2005;Majcin et al., 2014;Kutas, 2014;Majcin et al., 2015) approaches and by so-called integrated modelling approaches (Zeyen et al., 2002;Dérerová et al., 2006Dérerová et al., , 2012Dérerová et al., , 2014Bielik et al., 2010;Grinč et al., 2014;Hlavňová et al., 2015). ...
... The Ukrainian heat flow density and temperature distribution data were measured and evaluated in Kutas and Gordienko (1971), Buryanov et al. (1985), Gordienko et al. (2002), Gordienko et al. (2004) and recently in Kutas (2014). The resultant maps for the Transcarpathian depression and surrounding units constructed in Majcin et al. (2016) were included in our current contribution. The set of the geothermal data in the studied region is completed by the results from its Polish part (Majorowicz and Plewa, 1979;Plewa et al., 1992;Gordienko and Zavgorodnyaya, 1996;Karwasiecka and Bruszewska, 1997;Wróblewska, 2007;Górecki, 2013). ...
The contribution presents the results of geothermic interpretation approaches applied to measured geothermal data and is focused to determination of the thermal conditions both for application of classic hydrothermal sources exploitation and specialized EGS technologies for electricity production in the region of Slovakia and adjacent areas. Primarily, the heat flow density data and the temperature distribution measurements in boreholes were interpreted by classic 1D interpolation and extrapolation methods. New terrestrial heat flow density map for the studied area was constructed using the values determined in boreholes, their interpretations, the newest outcomes of geothermal modelling methods based both on steady-state and transient heat transfer approaches, and on other recently gained geoscientific knowledge. Thereafter, we constructed the maps of temperature field distribution for selected depth levels up to 6000 m below the surface and the final map of the isothermal surface depths for the reservoir temperature of 160 ◦ C. This final map serves for the appraisal of the effective application of the binary cycle power plant technology in Slovakia in terms of thermal conditions.
