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Abstract Spatial and temporal distribution of benthic communities around the Strait of Istanbul (Bosphorus) and the effect of lower layer discharge on these communities have been evaluated during studies between February-December 1999. Mytilus galloprovincialis was the dominant species with fasies at the Black Sea station that is not affected by th...
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... order of stations from the bottom of the dendogram to the end of the first group is notable. The order The results of the H′ and E were presented in Figure 3. When the Black Sea, Strait of Istanbul and Sea of Marmara stations are compared, it is seen that the strait has the highest diversity. ...
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We evaluated a 4-year data set (July 2003 to June 2007) to assess the trophic state and its limiting factors of Three-Gorges Reservoir (TGR), China, a large subtropical reservoir. Based on Carlson-type trophic state index (TSI)(CHL), the trophic state of the system was oligotrophic (TSI(S) < 40) in most months after the reservoir became operational...
Citations
... Research on Crustacea in the Black Sea goes back to Holthuis (1961) and Kocataş (1981Kocataş ( , 1982, followed by Mutlu & Ünsal (1991Mutlu & Ünsal ( -1992Mutlu & Ünsal ( , 1992, Mutlu et al. (1992), Öztürk (1999), Bat et al. (2000), Sezgin et al. (2001), Kocataş & Katağan (2003), Bilgin & Çelik (2004), , Bilgin & Gönlügür-Demirci (2005), Gönlügür-Demirci (2006), Kırkım et al. (2006), Sezgin & Katağan (2007), Bilgin et al. (2007), Karaçuha et al. (2009), Ateş et al. (2010, Sezgin et al. (2010a,b), Balkıs et al. (2012), Kırkım et al. (2014), . A number of researchers have also tried to explore the crustacean fauna of the Marmara Sea, including Sowinsky (1897), Demir (1952), Holthuis (1961), Caspers (1968), Băcescu (1982), Balkıs (1992), Katağan (1993), Topaloğlu (1993;, Balkıs (1994), Balkıs (1998-99a,b), Uysal et al. (2002), Balkıs et al. (2002), Yurdabak (2004), Kalkan et al. (2006), Ritt et al. (2010), Bakır et al. (2011), Aslan-Cihangir & Panucci-Papadopolou (2011), Bakır (2012, Mülayim et al. (2015a,b), Bakır et al. (2016), Ayfer et al. (2017) and Bakır & Ateş (2018). ...
... We observed a significant increase in the number of individuals of A. acutum (7903), A. latreillii (6653), M. gryllotalpa (4070) and P. marina (963) in the Istanbul Strait (site B2). Hydrodynamic processes are known to have a particular effect on the distribution of macrobenthic fauna, especially in the Istanbul Strait (Uysal et al. 2002). The high abundance in the Istanbul Strait, observed in this study, may be related to the species resistance to hydrodynamic conditions (Moyano & Gomez 1998). ...
It is becoming increasingly important to monitor zoobenthic biodiversity in seas that are under industrial and anthropogenic pollution pressure, such as the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea. This study covers crustacean species in the Turkish waters of the Black Sea and the Marmara Sea, both of which are closed systems. Sampling was carried out in July–August 2019 and yielded 32 crustacean species from the Black Sea and 77 species from the Marmara Sea. In the Marmara Sea, two species [ Kupellonura mediterranea and Leucon ( Macrauloleucon ) siphonatus ] represent new records for the Turkish waters, and 12 species [ Cirolana cranchii , Cumella ( Cumella ) pygmaea, Cyathura carinata , Cymodoce truncata , Eurydice pulchra , Gammaropsis sophiae , Harpinia truncata , Iphinoe serrata , Iphinoe trispinosa , Liocarcinus pusillus , Nebalia strausi and Synchelidium maculatum ] are new to the Marmara Sea. The following species: Gammaropsis palmata , Pontocrates arenarius , and Synchelidium haplocheles are new records for the Black Sea. The order Amphipoda dominated in both seas in terms of the number of species and the number of individuals.
... The limited number of hard bottom stations to be found were surrounded by restaurants, residential areas, and anchored boats. Hard bottom macrobenthos is heavily influenced by habitat type and the hydrodynamic processes are particularly effective in the distribution of macrobenthic fauna, especially in the Istanbul Strait (Uysal et al., 2002). Water movements directly affect benthic organisms living in the sediment on the soft bottom, causing the transport of sediment and organic matter. ...
... In addition, hydrodynamic conditions change the distribution of the macrobenthic community in that region by changing the grain size distribution (Foulquier et al., 2020). Uysal (2002) states in his study in the Istanbul Strait that only one of the stations in the lower layer current system consists of fine sand and silt-containing mud. This station is located at the Black Sea exit of the Istanbul Strait. ...
... While salinity is an important factor in lagoons, sediment type and amount of organic matter are more critical in the distribution of peracarids in marine ecosystems (Lourido et al., 2008;Zaabar et al., 2017). The strait's sediment has a coarse-grained structure (Uysal et al., 2002). In this study, the mud percentage values in the sampled soft bottom stations vary between 1.44% and 84.57% with an average value of 25.4%. ...
... There are only a few investigations on polychaete diversity from the Black Sea (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). All the studies that addressed the Turkish Black Sea have focused on the pyrophosphoric region, (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) and some others on the Anatolian coasts (5)(6)(7)(25)(26)(27)(28). ...
Objectives: This study determines the diversity of annelid polychaete species distributed around the coast of Sinop and to identify possible spatial and temporal variations of the Polychaeta community. Material and Methods: Benthic material was collected from 8 stations using Van Veen grab between October 2013 and July 2014 on the soft bottom of Sinop Peninsula. Results: A total of 90 species belonging to 30 families were identified. Among them, Galathowenia cf. oculata, Rhodine loveni Malmgren, 1865, Paradoneis armata Glémarec, 1966, Paralacydonia paradoxa Fauvel, 1913 and Syllis cf. amica are new records for the Black Sea fauna and Glycera tridactyla Schmarda, 1861 is new for the Turkish coast of the Black Sea. Prionospio (Minuspio) maciolekae Dagli and Çinar, 2011, Micronephthys longicornis (Perejaslavtseva, 1891) and Protodorvillea kefersteini (McIntosh, 1869) were the most frequent and dominant species in the study area. The highest mean number of species (29 species) was found in spring at station G2; the lowest mean number of species (4 species) was determined at station G3 in winter. The highest mean density value (9470 ind. m-2) was determined at G2 station in summer; the lowest mean density value (357 ind. m-2) was calculated in autumn at station G5. Conclusion: The Polychaeta diversity on the soft bottom of the Sinop Peninsula was analyzed and four species were newly recorded for the Black Sea fauna and one for the Turkish Black Sea fauna.
Key Words: Polychaeta, benthos, community, diversity, density
... This species usually lives on muddy bottoms that are rich in organic matter [80]. Therefore, C. gibba was reported to be abundant in eutrophic seas and polluted area: the Sea of Marmara and the Black Sea [81], Izmir Bay [43,68]). Corbula gibba reached a maximum density of 70-83 ind m -2 in Edremit Bay, the Aegean Sea [9], 16 ind m -2 in Augusta Harbour, Sicily [82], 15860 ind.m -2 [43], and the 70-150 ind m -2 in a period by start of the water treatment when few species from the molluscs, such as Abra alba and Kurtiella bidentata measured the highest abundance (580 and 340 ind m -2 , respectively) in the polluted part of Izmir Bay [14]. ...
Potential benthic molluscan community were studied seasonally in associated with the environmental parameters in 2005-2007, by covering broad scale region of the Cilician shelf with three transects containing seven different bottom sampling depth (10, 25, 50, 75, 100 150 and 200 m),. Totally, 61 molluscan species composing of 3 placophoran, 45 bivalve and 13 gastropod classes were recorded in the different habitats of vegetated and non-vegetated soft bottoms that have ecologically disturbed and undisturbed conditions along the Turkish coasts of the Cilician Basin in the Levantine Sea. Most effects of habitat, eco-hydrographical conditions on the molluscan community occurred on the bottom shallower than 50 m. The community of deeper zone of the shelf was not affected significantly by the conditions. Accordingly, spatio-temporal shifts in the feeding types of species dominating the community in terms of numbers and biomass were concluded to sustain the ecosystem of an oligotropihic sea.
... The first polychaete species reported from the Black Sea coast of Turkey was Sternaspis scutata (Renier in Ranzani, 1817), which was collected between 60-79 m depth in the pre-bosphoric region (Jakubova, 1948). Furthermore, several other zoobenthic species including polychaetes were reported from the same region by Marinov (1959), Dimitrescu (1962), Rullier (1963), Gillet & Ünsal (2000) and Uysal et al. (2002). The present study adds new polychaete species to the faunal inventory of the Black Sea, and provides additional information for the morphological and distributional features of these species. ...
The present paper includes four new records of polychaete species to the marine fauna of the Black Sea: Malmgrenia lilianae, Salvatoria cf. dolichopoda, Polydora agassizi and Aricidea (Acmira) simonae. In addition, four species, namely Pisione remota, Pterocirrus macroceros, Polydora cornuta and Saccocirrus papillocercus, are new records for the Black Sea coast of Turkey. The morphological and distributional features of the species are given.
... The first benthic study on the Sea of Marmara was carried out by Ostroumoff, et al. [7,8]. Following benthic and biological studies were by Marion (1898), Demir (1954), Tortonese (1959), Caspers (1968), Ünsal (1988), Balkıs (1992), Eryılmaz (1997), Uysal et al., (2002), Artüz et al., (2007Artüz et al., ( , 2008Artüz et al., ( , 2009Artüz et al., ( ,2011aArtüz et al., ( , 2011bArtüz et al., ( , 2012Artüz et al., ( , 2013 [3,4,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In addition to benthic studies, there were some specific works that partly discussed the benthic fauna of the Sea of Marmara and Turkish Strait System [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. ...
... The first benthic study on the Sea of Marmara was carried out by Ostroumoff, et al. [7,8]. Following benthic and biological studies were by Marion (1898), Demir (1954), Tortonese (1959), Caspers (1968), Ünsal (1988), Balkıs (1992), Eryılmaz (1997), Uysal et al., (2002), Artüz et al., (2007Artüz et al., ( , 2008Artüz et al., ( , 2009Artüz et al., ( ,2011aArtüz et al., ( , 2011bArtüz et al., ( , 2012Artüz et al., ( , 2013 [3,4,[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. In addition to benthic studies, there were some specific works that partly discussed the benthic fauna of the Sea of Marmara and Turkish Strait System [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. ...
The aim of this study is to try to prove the hypothesis that “When species diversity reduced, the survived unit members in the environment would
be increased”, which named by us as “Pessimum conditions rule” in the scale of the Sea of Marmara.
To prove the hypothesis “Pessimum conditions rule”, data from 604 observations both of benthic and oceanographically stations gathered in a 7-year
period (2006-2012) were analyzed and compared, and the results used to show the relationship between classic biotic descriptors (e.g. number
of species, number of individuals, richness index, dominance index, Shannon/Menhinick diversities) and environmental variables (e.g. Dissolved
Oxygen, temperature, Salinity, pH) and depth. Multiple analysis of covariance and multiple linear regressions were used for the statistical analysis
of the data.
Correlations between benthic community indices and water quality variables showed that generally might affect community diversity. Besides this,
it is clear that variation within benthic habitats in the Sea of Marmara cannot be explained by a single factor, such as uncontrolled overfishing and
the revolving changes in the adjacent connected seas or driven by biotic interactions rather than by the water quality.
According to the sample composition of benthic catches and related frequency values, a relative increase in the number of individuals was observed.
This is also apparent by the correlation between basic pollution parameters and the community index values regarding long-term data of the present
work.
The measured values of the constant environment, created due to the unique structure of the Mediterranean originated lower layer of the Sea of
Marmara, and correlated biotic parameters were showing a coherent dispersion in the completely sampling period. However, contrary to this, the
values of the number of species were exactly the opposite. In the present study, pessimum conditions rule has been especially distinctive in the Sea
of Marmara regarding the long-term data of the benthic catches.
Also, this work report on species composition of the benthic catches in the Sea of Marmara for an assessment of the status of these communities
and relation these communities with pollution phenomenon.
... In estuarine and marine benthos, biological accommodation has been inferred from high levels of diversity in unstressed communities (Gray 1981). But studies, both in estuarine and coastal environments, have documented wide variations in the density of benthic populations, from season to season and year to year (Poors and Rainer 1979;Levings 1975;Maurer et al. 1978;Koch et al. 2005;Uysal et al. 2002;Alongi 1988a). Estuarine communities have been characterised in having low diversity, lacking persistence and resiliency (Boesch 1977) because of a combination of low environmental constancy and predictability. ...
Human existence is entirely dependent on the products and services of biodiversity for food, medicines, shelter, clothing materials, aesthetics etc. Ecological services on the other hand denote the contribution of nature to a variety of “goods and services” to mankind in respect of economics and ecology. Biodiversity being an important component of the mother earth renders valuable ecological services to all the compartments of the environment including coastal zone which is the interface of the land and sea and represents an eco-potential ecosystem along with its different geo-morphological components like estuaries, mangroves, dunes, deltas, lagoons, intertidal zones, etc. The present article focuses on the functional contribution of benthic biodiversity towards sustenance of a short but geo-morphologically diversified intertidal zones of coastal Midnapore (East) District, West Bengal, India which is in continuation of Sundarbans mangrove estuarine complex of India These benthic fauna, both macrobenthos (brachyuran crabs, molluscs, polycaetes, actiniarians etc.) and meiobenthos(nematodes, foraminifera, copepods, polychaetes etc.) render valuable ecological services by making sediments loaded with living organisms by bioturbation, releasing millions of benthic larvae (meroplankton) to the aquatic system as the food of fishes, converting mangrove leaves into detritus,releasing nutrients, ploughing sediments to maintain textural composition, acting as food for demerseal fishes, bioaccumulating pollutants,serving as bioindicator, and providing aesthetics.
... Special areas require the adoption of mandatory methods by the relevant authorities for the prevention of marine pollution. In this regard, Uysal et al. (2002) reported that the Şile area has shown some signs of pollution and its benthic community is characterized by notable species enrichment. The Şile area is the only transition zone in the Black Sea under the influence of Mediterranean water due to its close geographical connection with the Sea of Marmara and Istanbul Strait, hence it needs special attention in terms of protection of marine biodiversity. ...
This chapter brings together several strands of current research concerning Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in the Black Sea in general, and in Ukraine in particular. MPAs are not only intended to protect and restore endangered flora and fauna; they also serve as reference sites for assessment of Good Environmental Status (GES) according to the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) descriptors. To justify designating new MPAs and to expand existing ones in Ukraine, a novel integrated indicator of the biological value of a marine water area was developed. Future expansion of the Ukrainian ecological network implies taking account of innovative European concepts and approaches demonstrating importance not only for nature conservation, but also for socioeconomic aspects. One of the legislative measures ensuring further development of the Ukrainian national MPA network is the listing of new areas and objects.
... Special areas require the adoption of mandatory methods by the relevant authorities for the prevention of marine pollution. In this regard, Uysal et al. (2002) reported that the Şile area has shown some signs of pollution and its benthic community is characterized by notable species enrichment. The Şile area is the only transition zone in the Black Sea under the influence of Mediterranean water due to its close geographical connection with the Sea of Marmara and Istanbul Strait, hence it needs special attention in terms of protection of marine biodiversity. ...
As stated in the Black Sea Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis 2007 (BSC, 2007) and confirmed in the Black Sea Strategic Action Plan 2008, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) form a key element of the ecosystem-based approach to managing and safeguarding the Black Sea marine environment, including improving the sustainability of fisheries. This approach contains precautionary safeguards to account for common problems such as lack of scientific data, the uncertainty of natural processes and lack of fisheries management. In the case of the Black Sea, establishing MPAs is an important way to exercise these precautionary principles, as well as protecting ecosystems where the single-species management for threatened species such as A. sturio, Scophthalmus maximus, monk seal Monachus monachus and cetaceans has failed. Among the proposed MPAs, Sile is of special interest due to its closeness to the Istanbul Strait which has crucial importance for migration of marine species between the Black and Mediterranean Seas.
... However, the Turkish coast of the Black Sea was poorly investigated in terms of polychaetes and other zoobenthic groups as well. The studies concerning the Turkish Black Sea polychaetes, published by various authors, were mainly focused on the pre-Bosphorus region (Jakubova, 1948; Marinov, 1959; Dimitrescu, 1960 Dimitrescu, , 1962 Rullier, 1963; Caspers, 1968; Gillet and Ünsal, 2000; Uysal et al., 2002). The Anatolian Region of the Black Sea was studied by Çinar and Gönlügür-Demirci (2005Gönlügür-Demirci ( ), Ağırbaş et al. (2008Gönlügür-Demirci ( ), Gözler et al. (2009, and Dağlı (2012). ...
The soft bottom polychaete community was examined seasonally at eight stations between August 2009 and July 2010. A total of 76 species belonging to 27 families were identified in the Sinop Peninsula (southern Black Sea), of which 23 species are new records for the Black Sea fauna and 7 species for the Black Sea coast of Turkey. Syllidae was the best represented family in the research area and contributed 15.78% of the total fauna. The most dominant and frequent species were Micronephthys stammeri and Protodorvillea kefersteini in the study area. Community parameters varied significantly among stations and seasons; number of species ranged from 1 to 21 per 400 cm2, density from 25 to 16,700 ind. m–2, Shannon–Wiener diversity index value from 0 to 3.4, and Pielou evenness index value from 0 to 0.98. The highest population density was recorded at station C1 in winter, where P. kefersteini was the most dominant species (15,125 ind. m–2). The correlation between polychaete community and environmental variables was strongly high (r = 0.91) according to canonical correlation analysis. The main factors affecting the polychaete assemblages were depth and sediment texture.
