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As one of the important factors affecting the structural durability of cementitious materials, sulphate erosion not only reduces the service life of the material but also poses a threat to the structural safety of the project. At present, scholars around the world have conducted extensive research on topics related to external sulphate attacks and...
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MgO expansive agent (MEA) has the potential to meet the shrinkage compensation demands for concrete in different types of structures due to its designable reactivity and expansion properties. This study investigated the impact of three types of MEAs with different reactivities as well as curing temperature on the autogenous deformation, mechanical...
Citations
... Numerous research studies have extensively documented the positive impact of alternative binder systems, such as Metakaolin (MK), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash (FA), Condensed Silica Fume (CSF), for partial replacement of cement [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. As one of the important factors affecting the structural durability of cementitious materials, sulphate erosion not only reduces the service life of the material but also poses a threat to the structural safety of the project [12]. The study on HVFA concrete mixes provided enhanced resistance compared to Portland cement concrete. ...
... In addition to pH, exposure time, and temperature, other variables such as the type of ions associated with the sulfate ions can also affect the attack and transport process. The physicochemical aspects of ESA and their destructive effects on cementitious materials have been extensively investigated in numerous studies [15][16][17][18][19]. However, few experimental studies have considered the combined effect of exposure conditions, cement type, and water-to-cement ratio on cementitious materials in order to describe the ESA mechanisms on the real exposed structures [20][21][22]. ...
This paper presents two original methods for monitoring and evaluating concrete specimens/structures affected by external sulfate attack (ESA). The first is a drying method developed to assess the penetration depth of sulfate ions in a concrete structure, as this parameter is a relevant indicator of the progress of the ESA. This method has been specifically designed for on-site investigations. The second experimental method involves the use of optical fibers capable of measuring the swelling response of specimens to ESA in real time. According to the results obtained, these two new methods seem likely to be used to complement or replace traditional methods such as inductively coupled plasma (ICP) for determining the penetration depth of sulfate ions or as extensometers for measuring swelling. These traditional methods (ICP and extensometers) are generally considered painful and time-consuming, whereas, because of its simplicity, the proposed drying method will enable experts to regularly inspect concrete structures and make informed decisions on the measures to be taken to repair or prevent further damage induced by ESA, while the second method appears promising for experimental studies involving the monitoring of a large number of ESA-affected specimens.
