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High-solids anaerobic digestion (HSAD), a promising method with smaller reactor and less heating energy consumption, showed relatively lower digestion efficiency sometimes and higher tolerance to some inhibitors. To investigate the phenomena, the archaeal and bacterial communities in four anaerobic digesters treating sewage sludge with total solids...
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... Bacteria domain was extremely diverse. At least 601 bacte- rial OTUs were detected in each sample, and they were distributed among more than 12 phyla (Fig. 1). This high diversity might be attributed to the complexity of feed sludge that originated from domestic wastewater sludge containing a wide spectrum of sub- stances. In contrast, the archaeal community in each sample was composed of less phylogenetically diverse groups represented by at most 41 OTUs. This is probably because only ...Context 2
... the culture-based studies of the order Methanomassiliicoccales agreed on a common methanogenic path- way that reduces methyl-compounds to methane obligatorily with an external hydrogen source ( Borrel et al., 2014). This metabolic pathway was only found in the genera Methanosphaera and Metha- nimicrococcus before (Borrel et al., 2014). Considering the uniform relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccus in the samples (4.01% in Arch_15, 2.05% in Arch_17 and 3.90% in Arch_19) and the exis- tence of Methanimicrococcus in Arch_10 (6.67%), the methyl- compounds + hydrogen metabolic pathway was deduced to pre- sent commonly in HSAD digesters under the operational conditions in this study. ...Context 3
... bacteria detected in the samples were classified into more than 12 phyla as discussed above (Fig. 1), and up to 376 species. Only those species with relevant abundance more than 1% in at least one sample were shown in Fig. 5. The dominant five phyla including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Candidate division WS6, Proteobacteria and Chloroflexi were thought to be involved in anaer- obic fermentation and consequent methanogenesis. Details ...Context 4
... was dominant in the samples of HSAD1, accounting for quite high proportions of 72.5% and 71.5% in Bact_10 and Bact_15, respectively; whereas the proportion of such bacteria was rela- tively low in the samples of HSAD2 (27.0% in Bact_17 and 13.7% in Bact_19). Comparing Fig. 1 with Fig. 3, it was interesting that the changing trend of Firmicutes relative abundance with the increase in TS was quite consistent with that of Methanosarcina. In fact, Firmicutes is widespread in many CAD systems of sewage sludge ( Ariesyady et al., 2007;Yang et al., 2014), and was consid- ered to be a sort of syntrophic bacteria that can ...Similar publications
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Citations
... Nano-Drop (ND-1000, USA) was used to detect DNA concentration and OD260/OD280. For the Illumina sequencing, the archaeal 16S rRNA genes were amplified using the primer pair 524F10extF/Arch958RmodR (5'-TGY-CAGCCGCCGCGGTAA-3'/5'-YCCGGCGTTGAVTC-CAATT-3') [31], with 2 µL of DNA samples used as the template. Purified amplicons were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq PE300 (Illumina, San Diego, USA) by Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). ...
Bathyarchaeia (formerly Bathyarchaeota) is a group of highly abundant archaeal communities that play important roles in global biogeochemical cycling. Bathyarchaeia is predominantly found in sediments and hot springs. However, their presence in arable soils is relatively limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spatial distributions and diversity of Bathyarchaeia in paddy soils across eastern China, which is a major rice production region. The relative abundance of Bathyarchaeia among total archaea ranged from 3 to 68% in paddy soils, and Bathy-6 was the dominant subgroup among the Bathyarchaeia (70–80% of all sequences). Bathyarchaeia showed higher migration ability and wider niche width based on the neutral and null model simulations. Bathy-6 was primarily assembled by deterministic processes. Soil pH and C/N ratio were identified as key factors influencing the Bathyarchaeia composition, whereas C/N ratio and mean annual temperature influenced the relative abundance of Bathyarchaeia. Network analysis showed that specific Bathyarchaeia taxa occupied keystone positions in the archaeal community and co-occurred with some methanogenic archaea, including Methanosarcina and Methanobacteria, and ammonia-oxidizing archaea belonging to Nitrososphaeria. This study provides important insights into the biogeography and niche differentiation of Bathyarchaeia particularly in paddy soil ecosystems.
Supplementary Information
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40793-024-00555-8.
... Firmicutes, widely distributed in sludge HTAD systems, play a crucial role by producing cellulase, lipase, protease, and other extracellular enzymes, facilitating the degradation of diverse organic matter and generating volatile fatty acids (VFAs). The elevated abundance of Firmicutes indicates an e cient hydrolysis of organic matter within the HTAD system [24]. Moreover, Chloro exi, known for its prowess in degrading recalcitrant organic compounds [24], contributes to the effective breakdown of less easily degradable organic matter. ...
... The elevated abundance of Firmicutes indicates an e cient hydrolysis of organic matter within the HTAD system [24]. Moreover, Chloro exi, known for its prowess in degrading recalcitrant organic compounds [24], contributes to the effective breakdown of less easily degradable organic matter. Synergistetes, with its capacity for amino acid fermentation, typically functions as a secondary component in HTAD systems. ...
... Synergistetes, with its capacity for amino acid fermentation, typically functions as a secondary component in HTAD systems. Proteobacteria exhibits versatility in degrading various organic wastes and metabolizing glucose and a variety of VFAs [24]. Actinobacteria, specializing in cellulose degradation and hydrolysis [25], further enriches the microbial consortium. ...
The efficiency of anaerobic digestion of sludge can be significantly improved through a combination of acid or alkali hydrolysis with low-temperature hydrothermal (LTH) pretreatment. The impact of various agents in conjunction with LTH treatment on sludge properties and high-temperature anaerobic digestion (HTAD) systems was comprehensively examined in this study. Comparative analyses reveal that NaOH-LTH pretreatment surpasses HCl-LTH pretreatment in enhancing sludge organic matter solubilization and enhancing HTAD system. Contrary to expectations, the use of acetic acid (HAc) pretreatment does not further enhance organic matter solubilization in sludge. Instead, it inhibits gas production efficiency and diminishes the removal efficiency of total chemical oxygen demand (TCOD) during HTAD. Among the pretreatments, NaOH (pH 11, 24h)-LTH (90°C, 30 min) co-treatment emerges as the optimal condition. This configuration results in a 12.5-fold increase in sludge soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) compared to untreated samples, a 34.1% improvement in methane yield in the HTAD system, and a remarkable TCOD removal efficiency of 36.8%. Notably, this combined pretreatment induces significant alterations in the microbial community structure of the sludge HTAD system. Following NaOH-LTH pretreatment, the total relative abundance of methanogenic archaea increases from 80.2–92.3% compared to untreated systems. These findings offer valuable insights for the engineering application of sludge HTAD, particularly in the selection of treatment protocols.
... The scanning rate was set as 10 mV/s from 0 to − 0.8 V, supplied with a 3-electrode system by which Ag/AgCl served as a reference electrode [34,35]. The microbial community involved in the bioelectrochemical-driving reactions and their related dynamic changes based on the type of protocol used (either with thermally-pretreated sludge or not), were investigated and discussed as previously reported [35][36][37][38]. ...
... Approximately 0.5 g of soil sample was used to extract genomic DNA using the PowerSoil Kit following the manufacturer's instructions. The bacterial and archaeal 16 S rRNA genes were amplified using the primers 338 F/806 R and 524F10extF/Arch958RmodR following previous studies [37]. Bacterial PCR was performed using a three-step thermoprofile: an initial denaturation at 95 • C for 3 min; 28 cycles of 95 • C (30 s), 55 • C (30 s), 72 • C (45 s); and a final extension at 72 • C for 10 min. ...
... Bacterial PCR was performed using a three-step thermoprofile: an initial denaturation at 95 • C for 3 min; 28 cycles of 95 • C (30 s), 55 • C (30 s), 72 • C (45 s); and a final extension at 72 • C for 10 min. The thermoprofile of the archaeal PCR was almost the same as that described above, except with 33 cycles for amplification according to [37]. ...
... Dominance of Firmicutes and Proteobacteria as dominant phyla has also been reported in other studies, and in particular bacteria belonging to phylum Firmicutes have been identified as important microorganisms for maximising VFA formation [11,61]. Bacteroidota is a phylum involved in the degradation of complex polymers and the hydrolysis of proteins into VFAs (HAc) and NH 3 [61,64,65]. This phylum is present with an abundance of approximately 10% for the 8 h HRT, decreases to 6% for the 5 h HRT and then increases again to 9% when the HRT is reduced to 2.5 h. ...
... The Proteobacteria phylum consists of acidogenic bacteria involved in the degradation of organic matter and the consumption of VFAs. It was one of the dominant phyla in the AD of sewage sludge [65,67]. We found this phylum with an abundance of 9% in the PSU, which increased by over 50% for the 8 h and 5 h HRTs. ...
The production of Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) from wastewater holds significant importance in the context of biorefinery concepts due to their potential as valuable precursors for various bio-based processes. Therefore, the primary objective of this research is to investigate the fermentation of Winery Wastewater (WW) in an Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) reactor to generate VFAs, with particular emphasis on Caproic Acid (HCa) production and the dynamics of the microbiota, under varying Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) periods (8, 5, and 2.5 h). The change from an 8 h to a 5 h HRT period resulted in an approximately 20% increase in total VFA production. However, when the HRT was further reduced to 2.5 h, total VFA production decreased by approximately 50%. Concerning the specific production of HCa, expressed in grams of Chemical Oxygen Demand (gCOD), the maximum yield was observed at around 0.9 gCOD/L for a 5-h HRT. Microbial population analysis revealed that Eubacteria outnumbered Archaea across all HRTs. Population dynamics analysis indicated that the Firmicutes Phylum was predominant in all cases. Within this phylum, bacteria such as Clostridium kluyveri and Clostridium sp., known for their ability to produce HCa, were identified. Based on the results obtained, the application of the UASB reactor for WW treatment, within the biorefinery framework, has the potential to provide a practical alternative for HCa production when operated with a 5 h HRT.
... NanoDrop (ND-1000, USA) was used to detect DNA concentration and OD260/OD280. For the Illumina sequencing, the archaeal 16S rRNA genes were amplified using the primer pair 524F10extF/Arch958RmodR (5'-TGYCAGCCGCCGCGGTAA-3'/5'-YCCGGCGTTGAVTCCAATT-3') (Liu et al. 2016), with 2 μL of DNA samples used as the template. Purified amplicons were sequenced using Illumina MiSeq PE300 (Illumina, San Diego, USA) by Majorbio Bio-Pharm Technology Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). ...
Bathyarchaeia (formerly Bathyarchaeota) is a group of highly abundant archaeal communities that play important roles in global biogeochemical cycling. The presence of Bathyarchaeia in arable soils is relatively limited. In this study, we aimed to investigate the spatial distributions and diversity of Bathyarchaeia in paddy soils across eastern China, which is a major rice production region. The relative abundance of Bathyarchaeia among total archaea ranged from 3% to 68%, and Bathy-6 was the dominant subgroup. Bathyarchaeia showed higher migration ability and wider niche. Soil pH and C/N ratio were identified as key factors influencing the Bathyarchaeia composition, whereas C/N ratio and mean annual temperature influenced the relative abundance of Bathyarchaeia. Network analysis showed that specific Bathyarchaeia taxa occupied keystone positions in the archaeal community and co-occurred with some methanogenic and ammonia-oxidizing archaea. This study provides important insights into the biogeography and niche differentiation of Bathyarchaeia in agroecosystems.
... The V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria was amplified using primers 338F (5′-ACTCCTACGGGAGGCAGCAG-3′) and 806R (5′-GGAC TACHVGGGTWTCTAAT-3′) (125). The V4-V5 hypervariable region of the archaeal 16S rRNA gene was amplified using primers 524F10extF (5′-TGYCAGCCGCCGCGGTAA-3′) and Arch958RmodR (5′-YCCGGCGTTGAVTCCAATT-3′) (126), and the fungal ITS2 was amplified with the primer pair ITS3F (5′-GCATCGATGAAGAACGCAGC-3′) and ITS4R (5′-TCCTCCGCT TATTGATATGC-3′) (127). PCR was performed with ~10 ng of DNA, 1.6 µL (5 µM) primer, 0.4 µL Trans Start Fastplu DNA Polymerase, 0.2 µL BSA, 4 µL 5× FastPfu Buffer, 2 µL of 2.5 mM dNTPs, and ddH 2 O at a total volume of 20 µL. ...
Blue holes are unique marine sinkholes with extreme environments and biogeochemical processes. However, our understanding of community dynamics, functional profiles, and microbial interactions in blue holes remains limited. We studied the extreme environmental response pattern of the microbiome (Symbiodiniaceae, bacteria, archaea, and fungi) across 14 depths in the world’s deepest blue hole, the Sansha Yongle Blue Hole. The α-diversities of Symbiodiniaceae and archaea were stable to extreme environmental conditions, whereas those of bacteria and fungi varied. Physical and nutrient factors primarily influenced the β-diversities of these four microbes, and there were significant differences in microbial communities among water layers. Nine microbial taxa of Cladocopium sp, γ-proteobacteria, Nanoarchaeota, and Ascomycota representing the core microbiome occurred in all water layers. These four microbial groups exhibited potential interactions, with a positive correlation between Symbiodiniaceae and archaea α-diversities. The microbial biogeochemical profiles exhibited notable enrichment characteristics among distinct water layers. Archaea metabolized sulfides in the oxic and upper deep layers, while bacteria dominated sulfide decomposition in the chemocline and lower deep layers. These findings suggest the acclimation of Symbiodiniaceae to an extreme environment may rely on archaea, as a result of a partial niche overlap. The bacterial communities exhibited an environmental response pattern consistent with the Anna Karenina effects, whereas fungal communities displayed an opposite trend. The wide tolerance of the core microbiome to environmental gradients may be linked to evolution, acclimatization, and symbiosis. Bacteria, archaea, and fungi have distinct ecological niches and biogeochemical functions in the Sansha Yongle Blue Hole.
IMPORTANCE
This study comprehensively examined the community dynamics, functional profiles, and interactions of the microbiome in the world’s deepest blue hole. The findings revealed a positive correlation between the α-diversities of Symbiodiniaceae and archaea, indicating the potential reliance of Symbiodiniaceae on archaea in an extreme environment resulting from a partial niche overlap. The negative association between the α-diversity and β-diversity of the bacterial community suggested that the change rule of the bacterial community was consistent with the Anna Karenina effects. The core microbiome comprised nine microbial taxa, highlighting their remarkable tolerance and adaptability to sharp environmental gradient variations. Bacteria and archaea played significant roles in carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur cycles, while fungi contributed to carbon metabolism. This study advanced our understanding of the community dynamics, response patterns, and resilience of microorganisms populating the world’s deepest blue hole, thereby facilitating further ecological and evolutional exploration of microbiomes in diverse extreme environments.
... The DNA samples were stored in a −20 °C refrigerator. PCR amplification on V4-V5 regions of archaeal 16S rRNA gene used 524F10extF (TGY CAG CCG CCG CGG TAA ) and Arch958RmodR (YCC GGC GTTGAVTCC AAT T) primer pair (Liu et al. 2016). The amplification reaction system (20 μL) included 10 μL 2×Pro Taq, 0.8 μL each for upstream and downstream primers (5 μM), and 10 ng μL −1 DNA template. ...
The increase in temperature caused by global climate change has promoted the salinization of wetlands. Inland saline-alkaline wetlands have an environment of over-humidity and shallow water and are hot spots for CH4 emissions. However, there are few reports on the effect of salinity on CH4 emissions in inland saline-alkaline wetlands. This study conducted simulation experiments of increased salinity to investigate the impact of salinity, habitat, and their interactions on CH4 emissions, as well as to examine the response of methanogenic archaea to salinity. Overall, salinity inhibited CH4 emissions. But there were different responses in the three habitat soils. Salinity decreased the relative abundance of methanogenic archaea and changed the community structure. In addition, salinity changed soil pH and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and ammonium (NH4⁺) concentrations, which were significantly correlated with methanogenic archaea. Our study showed that salinity changed the soil physicochemical properties and characteristics of the methanogenic archaeal community, affecting CH4 emissions.
... Several studies on the rheological behavior of HS-AD focused on TS content [53], temperature [54], moisture distribution [48], and SRT [6], especially for anaerobically digested sludge (Figure 2a). Higher TS levels lead to an increase in flow resistance and thixotropic kinetic coefficient. ...
The increasing global population and urbanization have led to a pressing need for effective solutions to manage the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). High-solids anaerobic digestion (HS-AD) has garnered attention as a sustainable technology that offers reduced water demand and energy consumption, and an increased biogas production rate. However, challenges such as rheology complexities and slow mass transfer hinder its widespread application. To address these limitations, this review emphasizes the importance of process optimization and the mass transfer enhancement of HS-AD, and summarizes various strategies for enhancing mass transfer in the field of HS-AD for the OFMSW, including substrate pretreatments, mixing strategies, and the addition of biochar. Additionally, the incorporation of innovative reactor designs, substrate pretreatment, the use of advanced modeling and simulation techniques, and the novel conductive materials need to be investigated in future studies to promote a better coupling between mass transfer and methane production. This review provides support and guidance to promote HS-AD technology as a more viable solution for sustainable waste management and resource recovery.
... However, these microbes are unlikely to have any significant roles in the degradation of organic compounds in the AD [52]. In contrast, for non-MWS digesters that showed high biogas yield, 14 genera were differentially abundant from MWS-treating digesters, with a significant abundance of syntrophic bacteria, such as Fastidiosipila (9.5%) and DTU014 (5.5%) [53,54]; the saccharides-degrader Acholeplasma (3.4%) [55]; amino acid-degrader Proteiniphilum (2.0%), previously observed in high abundance in AD of overloaded FWL [56]; unsaturated long chain fatty acid (LCFA)-degrader W27 (1.1%) in Cloacimonadia class [57]; and the well-known fermentative bacteria Lactobacillus (3.4%), mostly being indicative of active AD bioprocess. In both cases, multiple genera showed significant differences that lacked proper taxonomy or reports from earlier studies to address, indicating the necessity for further microbiological research into diverse AD microbiota. ...
The operational temperature and nature of the substrates are two critical parameters in shaping the functional microbiota and determining the biogas productivity of field-scale anaerobic digesters. Elucidating microbial ecological configurations and dynamics as a function of parametric (temperature, pH, substrate variability etc.) variations is pivotal for effective process management, improving the process stability and digestion efficiency of large field-scale anaerobic digesters. Seventeen field-scale digesters treating food waste leachate, municipal wastewater sludge (MWS), and manure at 10 different sites across the Republic of Korea were studied to assess how substrate variations, including co-digestion and seasonal variation, affect biogas productivity and the compositional dynamics of the digester microbiota. The 16S rRNA gene metataxonomics and predictive metabolic pathway profiling revealed significant differences in the phylogenetic composition of the microbiota between the digester types depending on the presence of MWS in the substrate (p < 0.005). A clear compositional divergence was observed between the MWS and non-MWS substrate groups, with a high prevalence of Firmicutes and versatile organic matter-degrading genera (Fastidiosipila, Acholeplasma, etc.) in the non-MWS digesters, resulting in a significantly high biogas yield (53.4 Nm3/t). Predictive metabolic pathway profiling demonstrated the importance of acetoclastic methanogenesis in all anaerobic digestion groups subjected to the study. The results of this study suggest that metataxonomics and microbiota dynamics are good indicators of the process stability and efficiency of field-scale digesters across the parametric variations of field anaerobic digester systems.
