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Taxa used in the phylogenetic analysis and their corresponding GenBank numbers. The newly generated sequences are indicated in bold
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In order to establish the evolutionary relationships and resolve the polyphyletic nature of Dothideomycetes, we are studying their natural classification based on both morphology and multigene phylogeny. In this paper we introduce Vaginatispora appendiculata, a novel species on dead twigs from southern Thailand. Morphological character differences...
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... Fungal mycelia grown on PDA for 2-3 weeks were scraped using a sterilized scalpel and transferred to 1.5 mL centrifuge tubes. The extraction of genomic DNA was performed using these fresh mycelia following the methods of Wanasinghe et al. (2016), using the Biospin Fungus Genomic DNA Extraction Kit (BioFlux, Hangzhou, P.R. China) following manufacturer guidelines. Also, genomic DNA from the fresh fruiting bodies was extracted using an E.Z.N.A. Forensic DNA Kit-D3591 (Omega Biotek, Inc) following the manufacturer's protocol for further confirmation of our single spore isolations. ...
During a survey of microfungi associated with grasslands and related vegetation types from Yunnan Province in China, various ascomycetous and coelomycetous fungi were isolated. This study reports the discovery of four strains of ascomycetous and coelomycetous fungi from dead stalks of Hypericum monogynum L. (Hypericaceae) and Rubus parvifolius L. (Rosaceae) in the Zhaotong region of Yunnan Province, China. The isolates were characterized using multi-locus phylogenetic analyses and were found to represent a new monophyletic lineage in Melanommataceae (Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes). This new clade was named as Dematiomelanomma yunnanense gen. et sp. nov. which consists of both sexual and asexual morphs. The sexual morph is characterized by globose to subglobose ascomata with a central ostiole, cylindrical asci with a pedicel and ocular chamber, and muriform, ellipsoidal to fusiform ascospores. The asexual morph has synanamorphs including both brown, muriform macroconidia and hyaline, round to oblong or ellipsoidal microconidia. These findings contribute to the understanding of fungal diversity in grasslands and related vegetation types in Yunnan Province, China.
... Genomic DNA was extracted from 50 to 100 mg of axenic mycelium scraped from the edges of the culture grown on PDA at 28 • C for two weeks [38] using the Biospin Fungus Genomic DNA Extraction Kit (BioFlux ® , Hangzhou, China) following the manufacturer's protocol. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications were carried out for the partial 28S large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA (LSU), internal transcribed spacer region with intervening 5.8S nrRNA gene (ITS), partial beta-tubulin tub2, and partial RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2). ...
Microdochium species are frequently reported as phytopathogens on various plants and also as saprobic and soil-inhabiting organisms. As a pathogen, they mainly affect grasses and cereals, causing severe disease in economically valuable crops, resulting in reduced yield and, thus, economic loss. Numerous asexual Microdochium species have been described and reported as hyphomycetous. However, the sexual morph is not often found. The main purpose of this study was to describe and illustrate two new species and a new record of Microdochium based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Surveys of both asexual and sexual morph specimens were conducted from March to June 2021 in Yunnan Province, China. Here, we introduce Microdochium graminearum and M. shilinense, from dead herbaceous stems of grasses and report M. bolleyi as an endophyte of Setaria parviflora leaves. This study improves the understanding of Microdochium species on monocotyledonous flowering plants in East Asia. A summary of the morphological characteristics of the genus and detailed references are provided for use in future research.
... Massarinaceae Munk, Friesia 5 (3)(4)(5) [54] investigations of morphological characteristics and phylogeny proved Vaginatispora as a separate genus within Lophiostomataceae. Lately, Massarina armatispora was recognized as Vaginatispora armatispora [55], and V. fuckelii had transferred to the new genus Neovaginatispora [56]. The sexual morphs are characterized by elongate ostiolar neck, massarina-like ascospores, with fusiform, hyaline, 1-septate, and wrapped by entire sheath, while asexual morphs have not been reported [52,57,58], and the phylogeny of Vaginatispora is shown in Figure 1. ...
... Recently, there are eight records in Index Fungorum [38]. Vaginatispora species have been collected from submerged wood or terrestrial plant habitats, covering the range of Australia, India, Japan, and Thailand [52,[55][56][57]59,60] Vaginatispora amygdali A. Hashim., K. Hiray., and Kaz. Tanaka Notes: Byssosphaeria is a widespread genus and was first introduced by Cooke and Plowright [71], with B. keithii as the type species, and later placed in Melanommataceae [72]. ...
Pleosporales is the largest fungal order with a worldwide distribution in terrestrial and aquatic environments. During investigations of saprobic fungi associated with mango (Mangifera indica)) in Baoshan and Honghe, Yunnan, China, fungal taxa belonging to pleosporales were collected. Morphological examinations and phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2 and tef1-α loci were used to identify the fungal taxa. A new genus, Mangifericomes; four new species, namely Mangifericomes hongheensis, Neomassaria hongheensis, Paramonodictys hongheensis, and Paramonodictys yunnanensis; and six new host and country records, namely Byssosphaeria siamensis, Crassiparies quadrisporus, Paradictyoarthrinium aquatica, Phaeoseptum mali, Torula fici, and Vaginatispora amygdali, are introduced. Photoplates, full descriptions, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided.
... Notes: Xenovaginatispora shares similarities with Vaginatispora taxa in having immersed to semi-immersed, erumpent, slit-like openings in the ascomata and broadly fusoid to fusiform, 1-septate, guttulate, surrounded by a prominent mucilaginous sheath, hyaline ascospores, which are variable in shape (Thambugala et al. 2015;Wanasinghe et al. 2016;Hashimoto et al. 2018;Jayasiri et al. 2019). Phylogenetically, Xenovaginatispora belongs to Lindgomycetaceae, whereas Vaginatispora belongs to Lophiostomataceae (Thambugala et al. 2015). ...
This article is the 13th contribution in the Fungal Diversity Notes series, wherein 125 taxa from four phyla, ten classes, 31 orders, 69 families, 92 genera and three genera incertae sedis are treated, demonstrating worldwide and geographic distribution. Fungal taxa described and illustrated in the present study include three new genera, 69 new species, one new combination, one reference specimen and 51 new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions. Three new genera, Cylindrotorula (Torulaceae), Scolecoleotia (Leotiales genus incertae sedis) and Xenovaginatispora (Lindomycetaceae) are introduced based on distinct phylogenetic lineages and unique morphologies. Newly described species are Aspergillus lannaensis, Cercophora dulciaquae, Cladophialophora aquatica, Coprinellus punjabensis, Cortinarius alutarius, C. mammillatus, C. quercofocculosus, Coryneum fagi, Cruentomycena uttarakhandina, Cryptocoryneum rosae, Cyathus uniperidiolus, Cylindrotorula indica, Diaporthe chamaeropicola, Didymella azollae, Diplodia alanphillipsii, Dothiora coronicola, Efbula rodriguezarmasiae, Erysiphe salicicola, Fusarium queenslandicum, Geastrum gorgonicum, G. hansagiense, Helicosporium sexualis, Helminthosporium chiangraiensis, Hongkongmyces kokensis, Hydrophilomyces hydraenae, Hygrocybe boertmannii, Hyphoderma australosetigerum, Hyphodontia yunnanensis, Khaleijomyces umikazeana, Laboulbenia divisa, Laboulbenia triarthronis, Laccaria populina, Lactarius pallidozonarius, Lepidosphaeria strobelii, Longipedicellata megafusiformis, Lophiotrema lincangensis, Marasmius benghalensis, M. jinfoshanensis, M. subtropicus, Mariannaea camelliae, Melanographium smilaxii, Microbotryum polycnemoides, Mimeomyces digitatus, Minutisphaera thailandensis, Mortierella solitaria, Mucor harpali, Nigrograna jinghongensis, Odontia huanrenensis, O. parvispina, Paraconiothyrium ajrekarii, Parafuscosporella niloticus, Phaeocytostroma yomensis, Phaeoisaria synnematicus, Phanerochaete hainanensis, Pleopunctum thailandicum, Pleurotheciella dimorphospora, Pseudochaetosphaeronema chiangraiense, Pseudodactylaria albicolonia, Rhexoacrodictys nigrospora, Russula paravioleipes, Scolecoleotia eriocamporesi, Seriascoma honghense, Synandromyces makranczyi, Thyridaria aureobrunnea, Torula lancangjiangensis, Tubeufa longihelicospora, Wicklowia fusiformispora, Xenovaginatispora phichaiensis and Xylaria apiospora. One new combination, Pseudobactrodesmium stilboideus is proposed. A reference specimen of Comoclathris permunda is designated. New host or distribution records are provided for Acrocalymma fci, Aliquandostipite khaoyaiensis, Camarosporidiella laburni, Canalisporium caribense, Chaetoscutula juniperi, Chlorophyllum demangei, C. globosum, C. hortense, Cladophialophora abundans, Dendryphion hydei, Diaporthe foeniculina, D. pseudophoenicicola, D. pyracanthae, Dictyosporium pandanicola, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Ernakulamia tanakae, Eutypa favovirens, E. lata, Favolus septatus, Fusarium atrovinosum, F. clavum, Helicosporium luteosporum, Hermatomyces nabanheensis, Hermatomyces sphaericoides, Longipedicellata aquatica, Lophiostoma caudata, L. clematidisvitalbae, Lophiotrema hydei, L. neoarundinaria, Marasmiellus palmivorus, Megacapitula villosa, Micropsalliota globocystis, M. gracilis, Montagnula thailandica, Neohelicosporium irregulare, N. parisporum, Paradictyoarthrinium difractum, Phaeoisaria aquatica, Poaceascoma taiwanense, Saproamanita manicata, Spegazzinia camelliae, Submersispora variabilis, Thyronectria caudata, T. mackenziei, Tubeufa chiangmaiensis, T. roseohelicospora, Vaginatispora nypae, Wicklowia submersa, Xanthagaricus necopinatus and Xylaria haemorrhoidalis. The data presented herein are based on morphological examination of fresh specimens, coupled with analysis of phylogenetic sequence data to better integrate taxa into appropriate taxonomic ranks and infer their evolutionary relationships.
... Most Vaginatispora species found in tropical regions and commonly occur in freshwater and marine environments ) except V. amygdali, which has been recorded in terrestrial habitats (Amygdalus persica) in Japan (Hashimoto et al. 2018). However, Vaginatispora appendiculata also recorded from a terrestrial habitat, but it was a well-moistened environment near Sai Khu Waterfall in Thailand (Wanasinghe et al. 2016). The current study confirms the cosmopolitan nature of Vaginatispora species, which has been found from freshwater, marine, mangroves and further in terrestrial habitats as well. ...
A novel taxon, Pseudorobillarda camelliae-sinensis (Pseudorobillardaceae) and new host records of pleosporalean taxa viz. Neopyrenochaeta triseptatispora (Neopyrenochaetaceae), Ramusculicola thailandica (Teichosporaceae) and Vaginatispora palmae (Lophiostomataceae) resulted from our investigation of plant-associated microfungi in Alishan and Fenghuang Mountain ranges in Taiwan. These taxa were isolated from dicotyledonous hosts of Bignoniaceae, Caprifoliaceae, Meliaceae and Moraceae. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses were performed using combined SSU, LSU, ITS, tef1-α and rpb2 sequence data to clarify the phylogenetic affinities of taxa. The newly described taxa of the current study are accompanied by comprehensive descriptions, micrographs and comparisons with similar species. In addition, the importance of exploiting fungi from mountain habitats in Taiwan is discussed.
... An upswell in research on taxonomy and phylogeny of saprobic fungi in Thailand has occurred over the last decade (Liu et al. 2011, Monkai et al. 2013, Wanasinghe et al. 2016, Doilom et al. 2017, Tibpromma et al. 2018, Jayasiri et al. 2019, Mapook et al. 2020, Phookamsakda et al. 2020. In terrestrial habitats, several taxa have been reported from different lignicolous substrates and hosts (Kodsueb et al. 2008a, b, Boonmee et al. 2011, Shang et al. 2017, Lu et al. 2018). ...
In this paper, we described and illustrated a new species of lignicolous fungi, Distoseptispora hydei, found on decaying bamboo in Phitsanulok Province, Thailand. According to the phylogenetic results from combined sequence data (LSU, ITS and RPB2), the new species is distinct from other Distoseptispora species. Distoseptispora hydei is characterized by obpyriform to fusiform conidia with 7-9 distosepta and a hyaline, gelatinous sheath around the tip. Phylogenetic analyses and morphological comparisons with other species of Distoseptispora are provided in this study.
... Notes -Va ginatispora armatispora was previously introduced as Massarina armatispora by Hyde et al. (1992), that was collected from Mangroves in India and China. The placement of this species was updated by Wanasinghe et al. (2016) and, transferred to Vaginatispora based on both phylogeny and morphology. In this study, our new isolate (MFLUCC 18-0213) clustered with strains of Vaginatispora armatispora with strong bootstrap (100 ML/1.00 PP). ...
We are investigating the diversity of lignicolous freshwater fungi from China and Thailand. In this study, six collections of Lophiostomataceae-like taxa were made from freshwater habitats in China and Thailand, of which three are identified as existing species Biappendiculispora japonica, Neovaginatispora fuckelii and Vaginatispora armatispora. While, the other collections are recognized as new species, Flabellascoma aquaticum sp. nov., F. fusiforme sp. nov. and Sigarispora clavata sp. nov. and these are introduced herein based on the morphological characters and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, TEF1-α and RPB2 sequence data. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of these six species are provided.
... Thereafter, V. appendiculata , V. armatispora (: Massarina armatispora K.D. Hyde, Vrijmoed, Chinnarij & E.B.G. Jones) Liew et al. 2002;Wanasinghe et al. 2016), V. microarmatispora (Devadatha et al. 2017), V. amygdali and V. scabrispora (Hashimoto et al. 2018) were introduced based on morphology and phylogeny. However, V. fuckelii was transferred to a new genus Neovaginatispora (Hashimoto et al. 2018) based on phylogenetic distinction and its typical characters of erumpent ascomatal and a thinner peridium. ...
... Phylogram generated from maximum likelihood analysis based on combined ITS, LSU, SSU, TEF1-a and RPB2 sequence data for Vaginatispora species and several closely related genera in Lophiostomataceae. Related sequences are taken fromThambugala et al. (2015),Wanasinghe et al. (2016),Devadatha et al. (2017) andHashimoto et al. (2018). Thirty-four strains are included in the combined analyses which comprise 4243 characters (605 characters for ITS, 832 characters for LSU, 895 characters for SSU, 894 characters for TEF1-a, 1017 characters for RPB2) after alignment. ...
This article is the tenth series of the Fungal Diversity Notes, where 114 taxa distributed in three phyla, ten classes, 30 orders and 53 families are described and illustrated. Taxa described in the present study include one new family (viz. Pseudoberkleasmiaceae in Dothideomycetes), five new genera (Caatingomyces, Cryptoschizotrema, Neoacladium, Paramassaria and Trochilispora) and 71 new species, (viz. Acrogenospora thailandica, Amniculicola aquatica, A. guttulata, Angustimassarina sylvatica, Blackwellomyces lateris, Boubovia gelatinosa, Buellia viridula, Caatingomyces brasiliensis, Calophoma humuli, Camarosporidiella mori, Canalisporium dehongense, Cantharellus brunneopallidus, C. griseotinctus, Castanediella meliponae, Coprinopsis psammophila, Cordyceps succavus, Cortinarius minusculus, C. subscotoides, Diaporthe italiana, D. rumicicola, Diatrypella delonicis, Dictyocheirospora aquadulcis, D. taiwanense, Digitodesmium chiangmaiense, Distoseptispora dehongensis, D. palmarum, Dothiorella styphnolobii, Ellisembia aurea, Falciformispora aquatic, Fomitiporia carpinea, F. lagerstroemiae, Grammothele aurantiaca, G. micropora, Hermatomyces bauhiniae, Jahnula queenslandica, Kamalomyces mangrovei, Lecidella yunnanensis, Micarea squamulosa, Muriphaeosphaeria angustifoliae, Neoacladium indicum, Neodidymelliopsis sambuci, Neosetophoma miscanthi, N. salicis, Nodulosphaeria aquilegiae, N. thalictri, Paramassaria samaneae, Penicillium circulare, P. geumsanense, P. mali-pumilae, P. psychrotrophicum, P. wandoense, Phaeoisaria siamensis, Phaeopoacea asparagicola, Phaeosphaeria penniseti, Plectocarpon galapagoense, Porina sorediata, Pseudoberkleasmium chiangmaiense, Pyrenochaetopsis sinensis, Rhizophydium koreanum, Russula prasina, Sporoschisma chiangraiense, Stigmatomyces chamaemyiae, S. cocksii, S. papei, S. tschirnhausii, S. vikhrevii, Thysanorea uniseptata, Torula breviconidiophora, T. polyseptata, Trochilispora schefflerae and Vaginatispora palmae). Further, twelve new combinations (viz. Cryptoschizotrema cryptotrema, Prolixandromyces australi, P. elongatus, P. falcatus, P. longispinae, P. microveliae, P. neoalardi, P. polhemorum, P. protuberans, P. pseudoveliae, P. tenuistipitis and P. umbonatus), an epitype is chosen for Cantharellus goossensiae, a reference specimen for Acrogenospora sphaerocephala and new synonym Prolixandromyces are designated. Twenty-four new records on new hosts and new geographical distributions are also reported (i.e. Acrostalagmus annulatus, Cantharellus goossensiae, Coprinopsis villosa, Dothiorella plurivora, Dothiorella rhamni, Dothiorella symphoricarposicola, Dictyocheirospora rotunda, Fasciatispora arengae, Grammothele brasiliensis, Lasiodiplodia iraniensis, Lembosia xyliae, Morenoina palmicola, Murispora cicognanii, Neodidymelliopsis farokhinejadii, Neolinocarpon rachidis, Nothophoma quercina, Peroneutypa scoparia, Pestalotiopsis aggestorum, Pilidium concavum, Plagiostoma salicellum, Protofenestella ulmi, Sarocladium kiliense, Tetraploa nagasakiensis and Vaginatispora armatispora).
... They accepted V. fuckelii (formerly Lo. fuckelii) as a member of the genus. Although this species was morphologically atypical in the genus because of the 2 zoned peridium, this proposal was accepted by subsequent studies (Wanasinghe et al. 2016, Tibpromma et al. 2017). Our phylogenetic analyses showed a paraphyletic nature of Vaginatispora sensu Thambugala et al. (2015) (Fig. 2). ...
... bipolare complex led us to reconsider the generic placement of unresolved species and the generic delimitations of the broadly defined genera from previous studies. Thambugala et al. (2015) retained Vaginatispora as a natural genus and subsequent studies accepted four species in this genus according to the results of phylogenetic analyses (Wanasinghe et al. 2016, Tibpromma et al. 2017). On the other hand, multi-locus phylogenetic analyses revealed the paraphyletic nature of this genus in the present study (Fig. 2). ...
... bipolare complex possess a gelatinous sheath that may help these organisms to attach to plant substrates in aquatic or marine habitats (Shearer 1993, Hyde & Goh 2003, Jones 2006. Several terrestrial ascomycetes with appendaged ascospores have been reported from moist environments near a waterfall (Wanasinghe et al. 2016), a humid subtropical mountain (Tanaka & Hosoya 2008), and bamboo (Hashimoto et al. 2017b). It is interesting to note that most of the Lo. ...
Lophiostoma bipolare was taxonomically revised based on the morphological observations and phylogenetic analyses of molecular data from nuclear rDNA SSU-ITS-LSU, TUB, tef1, and rpb2 genes. Twenty-nine strains were morphologically similar to Lo. bipolare. A total of 174 sequences were generated from the Lo. bipolare complex. Phylogenetic analyses based on TUB sequence revealed 11 distinct species within the Lo. bipolare complex. Morphological features of the ascospores and the anatomical structure of the ascomata from both field collections as well as axenic culture, which have been reported previously as variable features at intraspecific levels, were compared to evaluate the taxonomic reliability of these features. To clarify the generic position of the 11 species, phylogenetic analyses were done on SSU-ITS-LSU-tef1-rpb2 gene sequences. The Lo. bipolare complex shared phylogenetic relationships with Pseudolophiostoma and Vaginatispora, and formed an additional five distinct clades from other members of Lophiostomataceae. According to its phylogenetic position, Lo. bipolare sensu stricto was distantly related to Lophiostoma s. str., and formed an independent clade within Lophiostomataceae. Lophiostoma bipolare s. str. could be distinguished from the other lophiostomataceous genera by the clypeus around the ostiolar neck and by the thin and uniformly thick peridium. A novel genus described as Lentistoma was established to accommodate this species, and the epitypification of Lentistoma bipolare (basionym: Massarina bipolaris) was proposed. Other lineages of the Lo. bipolare complex could not be separated on the basis of the ascospore size and sheath variations, but were distinguished based on ascomatal features, such as the existence of the clypeus, brown hyphae surrounding the peridium, and the contexture of the peridium, which were stable indicators of generic boundaries in Lophiostomataceae. Four additional new genera with five new species were recognised based on these morphological differences: Crassiclypeus (C. aquaticus), Flabellascoma (F. cycadicola and F. minimum), Leptoparies (Lep. palmarum), and Pseudopaucispora (Pseudop. brunneospora). Three new species were added to Pseudolophiostoma (Pseudol. cornisporum, Pseudol. obtusisporum, and Pseudol. tropicum) and two new species were added to Vaginatispora (V. amygdali and V. scabrispora). The re-evaluation of the validity of several previously recognised genera resulted in the introduction of two new genera with new combinations for Lophiostoma pseudoarmatisporum as Parapaucispora pseudoarmatispora and Vaginatispora fuckelii as Neovaginatispora fuckelii.
This is the seventh in a series of Mycosphere notes in which we provide notes on the collection of fungi isolated from various hosts. In this set of notes, we introduce Pseudophialocephala as a new genus, nine new species, 27 new host or country records and five new combinations. The new species are Ceratosphaeria yunnanensis, Cytospora salicis-albae, Gymnopus bunerensis, Kalmusia cordylines, Leucoagaricus croceus, Leucoagaricus laosensis, Neopyrenochaeta shaoguanica, Pseudophialocephala cuneata and Robillarda aquatica. Pseudophialocephala humicola, Pseudophialocephala aquatica, Pseudophialocephala salinicola, Pseudophialocephala terricola and Pseudophialocephala xalapensis are introduced as new combinations. We provide new molecular data for 43 species belonging to two phyla, three classes and 15 orders. Updated phylogenetic trees for 22 families (Agaricaceae, Botryosphaeriaceae, Chaetosphaeriaceae, Coniochaetaceae, Didymosphaeriaceae, Gloeophyllaceae, Glomerellaceae, Hysteriaceae, Lophiostomataceae, Magnaporthaceae, Neopyrenochaetaceae, Omphalotacea, Phaeosphaeriaceae, Phyllostictaceae, Pleosporaceae, Saccotheciaceae, Savoryellaceae, Sporocadaceae, Stachybotryaceae, Torulaceae, Valsaceae, Physalacriaceae) and 32 genera (Alfaria, Aureobasidium, Ceratosphaeria, Collybiopsis, Colletotrichum, Comoclathris, Coniochaeta, Cytospora, Dothiorella, Gymnopus, Gymnopus, Heliocybe, Hysterium, Hysterobrevium, Kalmusia, Leptospora, Letendraea, Leucoagaricus, Mucidula, Neoleptosporella, Neopyrenochaeta, Paraleptospora, Phyllosticta, Pseudophialocephala, Rhytidhysteron, Robillarda, Savoryella, Sporocadus, Thozetella, Torula and Vaginatispora) are given.
