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Today, gas condensate has an important application in industries. One of the high consumption liquid gases is Argon which is used different methods for its liquefaction. However, the costs of this procedure is very high.In this paper, the best cycle from thermodynamic and economic point of view was achieved by thermoeconomic analysis. For this purp...
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The Exergy Cost theory was proposed in 1986 by Valero et al. in their “General theory of energy saving” (1986). This theory has been recognized as a powerful tool in the analysis of energy systems, and it has been applied to the assessment of alternatives for energy saving, local optimization, and thermoeconomic diagnosis.
The paper introduces a ne...
The development of hydrocarbon reservoirs is generally designed to increase the financial gains over the lifetime of the selected production scheme. However, concerns over the climate change necessitates more sustainable exploitation of the hydrocarbon fields. Therefore, the energy intensity and CO2 footprint of the production schemes should also b...
In recent years, many researchers have used exergy-based analysis and assessment methods such as exergy, exergoeconomic and exergoenvironmental as powerful tools to solve practical problems in the design and to improve energy-related systems. The main objectives of this contribution are to analyse and assess the performance of a mobile air conditio...
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... It was found that the R290 and R600a refrigerant mixture had high performance in terms of energy consumption and COP. In order to compare a simple Linde-Hampson, pre-cooled Linde-Hampson and two-compressor Linde-Hampson cycles in the liquefaction process of argon gas, a theoretical thermodynamic analysis was carried out in terms of thermodynamics and economics (Dadsetani et al., 2019). ...
The four-stage cascade vapour compression refrigeration system
(CVCRS) integrated Linde-Hampson cycle (CVCRS-LH) is proposed in order
to liquefy methane gas. The effects of isentropic efficiency of compressors,
methane mass flow rate, evaporating and condensing temperatures on the
performance of the four-stage CVCRS-LH and exergy efficiency are
investigated with respect to the refrigerants R290, R600a and R161used in the
fourth stage. The highest COP and exergy efficiency values were obtained by
using R600a as refrigerant for all values of isentropic efficiency of
compressors, methane mass flow rate, evaporating and condensing
temperatures under the study in the fourth stage of the four stage CVCRS-LH.
... Various researchers conducted sectoral exergy analysis to gain a broad outlook on energy utilization in multiple sectors (Dadsetani et al. 2019;Sarafraz et al. 2021). Many researchers have done numerous sectors such as the power generation sector, rural residential sector, residential sector, commercial sector, and the industrial sector's exergy analysis (Bühler et al. 2016, Maddah and Safaei 2021, Oladiran and Meyer 2007. ...
Energy sustainability plays a crucial role in the development of any country. With the booming economy of Turkey, it is necessary to ensure energy sustainability in every sector. The residential sector plays a vital role in energy consumption in Turkey
and improving sustainability in this sector can foster Turkey’s development. This study introduced first-time sustainability
indicators of Turkey’s residential sector to determine the energy and exergy analyses through a thermodynamics-derived approach based on the data from 2000 to 2017. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed for energy source variation. Possible distribution uncertainties show that natural gas (0.78–0.76), biofuels, and waste (0.39–0.43) are dominant parameters for energy and exergy. Improvement of biofuels and waste, renewable-based energy sources can be a feasible solution for fossil fuel replacement. In Turkey’s residential sector, energy efficiency varies from 27.51 to 35.65%, while exergy efficiency ranges from 25.85 to 34.06%. The sustainability index for Turkey ranges from 1.34 to 1.51. In Turkey, around 65.93 to 74.14% of fossil fuel has been depleted in the last 18 years, which leads to lesser exergetic sustainability. Inefficient cooking, heating appliances, and lighting devices lead to higher exergy loss. Therefore, this study demonstrates the exergy analysis and prediction of the upcoming consequences of this analysis. In the future, Turkey can use higher efficient devices, especially in heating, lighting, and mechanical energy-related appliances, and electricity can be used to attain higher exergetic efficiency. Performed analysis and uncertainties of parameters will assist policymakers in selecting suitable alternative strategies in Turkey’s residential sector for sustainable decision-making.
... The process starts with the decompressed gas; 2. Compression of gas and cooling down to ambient temperature; 3. Decompression (decrease in temperature) and heat transfer to the compressed gas; 4. Adiabatic and isentropic expansion leads to liquefaction of decompressed gas; 5. Decompression and heat transfer. As shown later, the proposed model aims to model a pre-cooled Hampson-Linde topology [18], having considered the high-pressure line gas at ambient temperature. ...
... The block diagram of this algorithm is presented below in Figure 8. As shown later, the proposed model aims to model a pre-cooled Hampson-Linde topology [18], having considered the high-pressure line gas at ambient temperature. ...
Nowadays, due to recent global climate changes, replacing non-environmental friendly technology with more sustainable energy is desired. Thus, researchers are designing new, environmentally friendly products, for which some use the black box modeling method. Therefore, the presented work represents a Hampson-Linde cryogenic cooler model based on Joule-Thomson Effect and Ohm’s Law for thermal circuits, optimized using a parallel “Particle Swarm Optimization” (PSO) algorithm. An innovative feature of this model is that it uses two translations—from electrical to the thermal domain and a simplifying time domain—and is implemented to provide results using less demanding computational resources and simulation time. Furthermore, a possibility for superconductive states is presented for commonly used category II superconductors. Last, but not least, based on the predicted output temperature, models of more complex processes could be developed, such as a model for the Hyperloop concept.
... Dadsetani et al. [33] investigated several applicable liquefying systems for argon, namely, simple, pre-cooled, and dual-pressure Linde-Hampson cycles. The associated expenditure for liquid argon production for simple, pre-cooled, and dual-pressure Linde-Hampson cycles are 123.102$/kg, ...
... Therapy and science are among the most prevalent usage fields of Argon. It is a gas with non-magnetic and inert qualities with substantial boiling and melting temperatures; numerous industries employ Argon, namely, petrochemicals and oil industries [33]. ...
The present study proposes a novel cogeneration power plant powered by a double-flash geothermal system. A double-flash geothermal system with a high- and low-pressure turbine was employed to produce power. Moreover, a low-temperature ORC with a turbine was utilized to produce power from the double-flash geothermal waste heat, and the pre-cooled Linde-Hampson cycle was included for Argon liquefaction by consuming a portion of the net power output for initiation. The system is simulated using Engineering Equation Solver software (EES) to specifically analyze the process in each state. The system was investigated concerning the first and second laws of thermodynamics and entry loss. Four conventional working fluids were thermodynamically assessed to identify one with the highest compatibility with the system purposes. The findings demonstrate that the system generates sheer work by 235.5 kW and Argon liquefaction by 0.115 kg/s. The efficiency for the first law of thermodynamics, energetic efficiency, and the entrance loss was calculated; namely, 14.37%, 63.5%, and 1.265 MW·K, respectively. The computation for total exergy destruction in the system was 370.68 kW. The most significant exergy destruction emerges in the evaporator, by 73.78 kW. In addition, the study presents a parametric evaluation of the system to perform minimization and maximization of exergy efficiency and entrance loss based on geofluid temperature, the inlet pressure of flash chamber 1, the inlet pressure of flash chamber 2, the outlet pressure of compressor 1, figure of merit, and superheater temperature difference. Further, the condensers were substituted with thermoelectric generators to condense the turbine output fluid and produce power. The total output power from the thermoelectric generators was calculated as 18.853 kW, singlehandedly elevating the exergy efficiency by 4.23%. Ultimately, single- and multi-objective optimizations (weighted sum) were carried out. ηI was 15.01% with w1 = 1 weight coefficient in Thermal Efficiency Mode, ηII was 66.12% with w2 = 1 weight coefficient in Exergy Efficiency Mode, and Ġloss was 1.136 MW·K with w3 = 1 weight coefficient in the Low Entry Mode.
... Maddah et al. [40] performed a comparative study on air and geothermal source heat pump cycles (operated with different refrigerants) through 4E analysis and concluded that R134a can be a best suitable option among the other studied refrigerants. Dadsetani et al. [41] conducted an exergo-economic optimization on Linde-Hampson gas liquefying cycles for argon. From these studies, the importance of 4E analysis can be well judged. ...
This article investigates the performance of a novel hybrid heat pump system, which is developed to recover the waste heat from the flue gas of domestic heating boiler. The purpose of proposed system is: to increase the return water temperature, to heat the boiler supply air, and to provide the hot air for indoor heating. The developed system consists of an air heater (acts as a dedicated mechanical sub-cooler), a multistage condensing economizer and a vapor compression heat pump. A test case of common building is considered for the performance assessment of system, which is based on the 4E analysis. For this purpose, ten refrigerants are selected. The results show that about 25.58% increase in the coefficient of performance can be obtained for the proposed model as compared to simple vapor compression cycle if operated with R245fa, which also have a lowest exergy destruction rate (38.27%) as compared to other studied refrigerants. From the perspective of improvement in boiler’s energy and exergy efficiency, R114 is used to be the most effective among other refrigerant (10.33% increase in energy efficiency and 4.74% increase in exergy efficiency). Parametric study results have shown that the variation in ambient conditions should be considered carefully while selecting a refrigerant to significantly improve the system performance, exergy efficiency, and relevant economics on regional basis. From the obtained results, a novel yet simple refrigerant selection approach is proposed which can also be adopted for other thermodynamic cycles.
... In the simulation-based optimization, achieving the best solution is done by adjusting decision variables [73][74][75]. The decision variables are chosen among a group of parameters that affect the value of each objective function; they are called effective parameters [76]. ...
Owing to the current challenges in energy and environmental crises, improving buildings, as one of the biggest concerns and contributors to these issues, is increasingly receiving attention from the world. Due to a variety of choices and situations for improving buildings, it is important to review the building performance optimization studies to find the proper solution. In this paper, these studies are reviewed by analyzing all the different key parameters involved in the optimization process, including the considered decision variables, objective functions, constraints, and case studies, along with the software programs and optimization algorithms employed. As the core literature, 44 investigations recently published are considered and compared. The current investigation provides sufficient information for all the experts in the building sector, such as architects and mechanical engineers. It is noticed that EnergyPlus and MATLAB have been employed more than other software for building simulation and optimization, respectively. In addition, among the nine different aspects that have been optimized in the literature, energy consumption, thermal comfort, and economic benefits are the first, second, and third most optimized, having shares of 38.6%, 22.7%, and 17%, respectively.
... On the other hand, exergoeconomic analysis, based on thermodynamic analysis, is a tool intended to diagnose, improve, and optimize the design and operation of an energy system [13,14]. In the case of refrigeration systems, the exergoeconomics is used to estimate the total cost of cold production, and can also be used to optimize energy systems [15]. ...
CO2-based transcritical refrigeration cycles are currently gaining significant research attention, as they offer a viable solution to the use of natural refrigerants (e.g., CO2). However, there are almost no papers that offer an exergoeconomic comparison between the different configurations of these types of systems. Accordingly, the present work deals with a comparative exergoeconomic analysis of four different CO2-based transcritical refrigeration cycles. In addition, the work is complemented by an analysis of the CO2 abatement costs. The influences of the variation of the evaporating temperature, the gas cooler outlet temperature, and the pressure ratio on the exergy efficiency, product cost rate, exergy destruction cost rate, exergoeconomic factor, and CO2 penalty cost rate are compared in detail. The results show that the transcritical cycle with the ejector has the lowest exergetic product cost and a low environmental impact.
... Maintaining efficiency and energy demand for processing are important issues for future commercialization [25]. A useful approach to assessing a technology under development in terms of its energy efficiency is an exergy analysis [108][109][110]. Such attempts have been made for some CO 2 absorption processes [111,112] and oxy-fuel technologies [113][114][115][116]. ...
Technologies for the management of various types of waste and the production of useful products from them are currently widely studied. Both carbon dioxide and calcium-rich waste from various production processes are problematic wastes that can be used to produce calcium carbonate. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to provide an overview about the state of the development of processes that use these two wastes to obtain a valuable CaCO 3 powder. The paper reviews the current research on the use of post-distillation liquid from the Solvay process, steelmaking slag, concrete, cement, and gypsum waste as well as some others industrial Ca-rich waste streams in the calcium carbonate precipitation process via carbonation route. This work is an attempt to collect the available information on the possibility of influencing the characteristics of the obtained calcium carbonate. It also indicates the possible limitations and implementation problems of the proposed technologies.
... Dispersing the nanomaterial in the base fluid has made nanofluid with higher conduction, which can transfer more heat. In the recent three decades, the use of various nanoparticles and their effectiveness on heat transfer has been studied and analyzed by various researchers [12,[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. ...
Mechanical strength and thermal properties may limit the usage of an electronic component in the high-tech industry. This paper investigated the influence of using CuO nanoparticles in a radial configuration microchannel of a disk from the mechanical and thermal points of view. In this regard, a disk under thermal and mechanical loading had been considered. The cooling setup consisted of a radial configuration microchannel with a constant fluid volume. Water was used as the base fluid and CuO particles were used as the coolant fluid. The results showed that the use of CuO nanoparticles would reduce the maximum disk temperature, the maximum thermal stress, and the maximum stress, as well as the maximum deformation on the body. The increasing number of channels would increase the maximum stress in the object as well. Another remarkable point was that increasing the nanoparticles did not necessarily lead to a more uniform heat distribution in the disk.
... The higher efficiency of a gas-steam engine is determined by the steam condensing isotherm (which of course also forms an isobar), during which heat is released into the environment from the Clausius-Rankine cycle. This isotherm nearly overlaps with the isotherm of the most thermodynamically ideal, theoretical circuit of the Carnot engine characterized by the highest thermal efficiency that mechanical engines can achieve [3]. However, the circulating medium in the isobaric transformation of the "lower" Joule cycle in a hierarchical gas-gas engine, during which heat is released from the engine to the environment, has a significantly higher temperature compared to the entropy-averaged temperature amb T [2,4]. ...
... The temperatures of the circulating medium behind the compressor 1 T and behind the turbine 3 T are derived on the basis of irreversible adiabatic processes: ...
This paper presents the results of analysis of energy and economic efficiency of the hierarchical gas-gas engine, with a note that a trigeneration system was analyzed, in which the production of electricity, heat and cold are combined. This solution significantly increases the energy efficiency of the gas and gas system compared to a system without cold production. The analysis includes a system comprising a compressor chiller which is driven by an electric motor in the system, as well as a system applying the mechanical work that is carried out via a rotating shaft of rotor-based machines, i.e., a gas turbine and a turboexpander. The comfort of the regulation of the refrigerating power rather promotes the use of a solution including an electric motor. Analysis contains also a schematic diagram of the system with a absorption chiller, which is driven by low-temperature enthalpy of exhaust gases extracted from a hierarchical gas-gas engine. Application of turboexpander with heat regeneration in the trigeneration system is also analyzed. Based on the multi-variant economic and thermodynamic calculations, the most favorable system variant was determined using, among others, the specific cost of cold production.
