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Multi-functional cellulose fiber-Au composites were fabricated through a simple and cost-effective procedure by decorating regenerated cellulose fibers with Au nanoparticles. The cellulose fibers were regenerated from waste paper through the Ioncell-F process, an environmental friendly approach. After grafting positive charge, the surface of the ce...
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Introduction: Semiconductor-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates with high stability and reproducibility have become one of the essential analytical tools in the analysis of chemical and biological at trace levels. Herein, a growth of the hexagonal-wrapped ZnO nanorod arrays decorating with Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) at different...
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Citations
... Due to low cost, lightness and particle adsorption capacity, [25][26][27][28][29][30] textile fibers have attracted much attentions as flexible SERS substrates. Textile fibers can be bent or twisted without breaking directly to swab analytes on rough surfaces making SERS detection more nondestructive and efficient. ...
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering is a powerful sensing tool effectively and rapidly to detect chemicals in environmental monitoring and food safety. Textile fiber-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates have been fabricated to contribute to the practical applications of surface-enhanced Raman scattering sensing. Inspired by the metallic nanostructures with dense plasmonic hotspots which have excellent surface-enhanced Raman scattering activity, coarse silver layer coated nylon fibers are used in this study to combine with gold nanoparticles by a simple immersion method forming enriched plasmonic hotspots on textile fibers for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. The fiber-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate denoted as gold nanoparticle@silver layer coated nylon fiber shows a high sensitivity to rhodamine 6G with an excellent enhancement factor of 2.41 × 10 ¹⁰ and a detection limit of 10 ⁻¹⁴ M. The finite-difference time-domain simulations indicate that ultra-high sensitivity arises from the enhanced electric fields densely formed in the inter-particle and particle-film gap in the twisted gold nanoparticle@silver layer coated nylon fiber structure. In addition, the gold nanoparticle@silver layer coated nylon fiber substrate demonstrates outstanding surface-enhanced Raman scattering signal reproducibility (relative standard deviation 6.14%) as well as application flexibility. Through a simple swab procedure, gold nanoparticle@silver layer coated nylon fibers absorb rhodamine 6G molecules on apple and the detection limit can reach 10 ⁻¹³ M. Our results allowed us to foresee the use of synthetic fibers enriched with plasmonic hotspots in ultrasensitive wearable sensors.
... The magnetic-plasmonic fluid was confined in different sample reservoirs under an applied magnetic field. Based on this strategy, the detection sensitivity of MG from fish was achieved to picomolar, which was nearly two orders of magnitude better compared with normal SERS methods [34]. The device also exhibited excellent capability for detecting multiplex pesticides from mixtures. ...
The integration of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy with magnetic fluid provides significant utility in point-of-care (POC) testing applications. Bifunctional magnetic–plasmonic composites have been widely employed as SERS substrates. In this study, a simple and cost-effective approach was developed to synthesize magnetic–plasmonic SERS substrates by decorating silver nanoparticles onto magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (AgMNPs), which function both as SERS-active substrates and magnetic fluid particles. The strong magnetic responsivity from AgMNPs can isolate, concentrate, and detect target analytes from the irregular surface of fish skin rapidly. We fabricate a microfluid chip with three sample reservoirs that confine AgMNPs into ever smaller volumes under an applied magnetic field, which enhances the SERS signal and improves the detection limit by two orders of magnitude. The magnetic fluid POC sensor successfully detected malachite green from fish with excellent selectivity and high sensitivity down to the picomolar level. This work achieves a label-free, non-destructive optical sensing approach with promising potential for the detection of various harmful ingredients in food or the environment.
... Regenerated cellulose fibers, from wastepaper, were decorated with citrate-stabilized AuNPs and used on the detection of malachite green in water samples. 37 The composite achieved a limit of detection lower than 10 ppb, using malachite green' characteristic peak located at 1173 cm -1 . For the simultaneous detection of malachite green, methylene blue and crystal violet in fish, Yang, G. et al fabricated a filter paper-based SERS platform with sprayed AgNPs and AuNPs with an calculated EF of 9.0 x 10 7 ( Figure 15B). ...
The Raman effect has revolutionized the analytical methods scenario and was designated, in 1998, an International Historic Chemical Landmark, by the American Chemical Society. Due to its unique selectivity and nondestructive and noninvasive nature, it has been reportedly associated with multiple applications and fundamental studies through Raman spectroscopy. However, due to the low probability of a Raman scattering event, the signals related to Raman spectroscopy are extremely weak. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) supports the amplification of Raman signals conferring a high sensitivity for analyte’s detection, enabling single-molecule detection. The application of Raman enhancement layers to planar substrates such as paper gives to SERS platforms relevant characteristics, as far as low-cost, versatility, tunability, use of low sample volumes and recyclability are concerned. In this chapter, a brief explanation of Raman and SERS' fundamentals is given covering the literature revision of paper-based SERS devices with a focus on the enhancement nanostructures and applications.
... In particular, extensive research has been focused on the development of cellulose based substrates for SERS applications Haslinger et al., 2020;Hu et al., 2022;Liu et al., 2020;Marques et al., 2019;Parnsubsakul et al., 2020;Rusin et al., 2020;Van Rie & Thielemans, 2017). Thanks to the unique chemical structure and physicochemical stability of cellulose, resulting in its flexibility, facile functionalization with different functional groups and suitability for large-scale production, cellulose is a promising material for fabrication of various SERS substrates Van Rie & Thielemans, 2017;Yu et al., 2018;Zhang et al., 2012). More importantly, cellulose shows weak SERS response, hence providing low interference and background signals during the measurements . ...
... The majority of the research reports concerning endowing cellulose with plasmonic properties, rely on surface functionalization of the cellulosic material, e.g. thermal evaporation, vapor deposition, laser-induced photothermal deposition, inkjet and screen printing, dip coating or by in-situ coating of the material with the respective plasmonic nanoparticles (Arcot et al., 2015;Lin et al., 2015;Liu et al., 2020;Marques et al., 2019;Purwidyantri et al., 2020;Susu et al., 2018;Yu et al., 2018). Due to the insufficient binding of plasmonic nanoparticles to the surface, the nanoparticles may leak from the cellulosic substrates (Haslinger et al., 2020;Zheng et al., 2013). ...
Cellulose might be a promising material for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates due to its wide availability, low cost, ease of fabrication, high flexibility and low optical activity. This work shows, for the first time development of the cellulose-based substrate, that owes its SERS activity to the presence of gold nanorods in its internal structure, and not only on the surface, as it is shown elsewhere, thus ensuring superior stability of the obtained material. This flexible cellulose-based substrate exhibiting plasmonic activity, provide easy and reproducible detection of different analytes via SERS technique. The substrate was prepared by introduction of gold nanorods into the cellulose fibers matrix using an eco-friendly process based on N-Methylmorpholine-N-Oxide. Au-modified cellulose fibers were used for the detection of p-Mercaptobenzoic acid and Bovine Serum Albumin by the SERS method. The obtained results show that this substrate offers large signal enhancement of 6-orders of magnitude, and high signal reproducibility with a relative standard deviation of 8.3%. Additionally, washing tests (90 °C, 20 h) showed superior stability of the as prepared plasmonic fibers, thus proving the good reusability of the substrates and the long shelf life.
... Later, researchers began to consider the modification of cellulose. Both Xiong et al. (2018) and Yu et al. (2018) used quaternary ammonium salts to cationic cellulose nanofibers. The gold nanoparticles prepared by the sodium citrate reduction method are negatively charged and adsorbed on the surface of cellulose by electrostatic attraction. ...
Dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) has considerable potential as an effective metal nanoparticle support material for the preparation of highly sensitive SERS substrates. In this study, a SERS substrate based on the Tollens reaction of DAC was successfully prepared. DAC was obtained by selective oxidation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with sodium periodate (NaIO4). And the aldehyde group of DAC underwent REDOX reaction with Tollens reagent to produce silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the DAC in situ. The SERS "hot spots" can be generated in the gaps of Ag NPs. The as-prepared DAC-Ag NP nanocomposites showed excellent SERS activity with a highly sensitive rhodamine 6 G detection limit of 10–9 M. In diuron detection, an excellent linear relationship (R² = 0.9948) was established between the concentrations of 10–8 M to 10–4 M. Furthermore, the feasibility of the proposed method in the actual samples was also confirmed. The substrate was applied to detect orange and persimmon peel which were previously treated with diuron solution. The substrate has universal applicability and is expected to be further applied in the detection of other hazardous molecules.
Graphic abstract
... The SERS spectra of MG measured from the LBL PS/Ag substrate is shown in Figure 6a. The characteristic Raman peaks of MG were observed at 439, 796, 913, 1169, 1392 and 1616 cm −1 [40]. The intensity of the characteristic Raman peaks of MG decreased as the concentration decreased. ...
Polystyrene (PS) spheres were prepared through an emulsifier-free emulsion polymerization method, in which the reaction time, ionic strength, concentrations of copolymer were studied in detail. The resulting PS microspheres and Ag nanoparticles were used to construct a surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate by a layer-by-layer assembly method. A relatively uniform distribution of PS/Ag in the films was obtained, and the multilayer substrate presented excellent SERS reproducibility and a tunable enhancement effect. The SERS substrate was used for detecting harmful pesticides (malachite green and dimetridazole) in food samples, with a limit of detection as low as 3.5 ppb. The obtained plasmonic composite has a promising future in the field of SERS sensing.
... They were deposited uniformly on the surface by electroless deposition and found to have from spherical shape to plate and grow vertically with time, the size of the AuNPs was 40 nm in diameter [85]. Qian Yu et al. (2018) have produced multifunctional cellulose fiber Au composites via decorating regenerated cellulose fiber with AuNPs. HAuCl 4 was used as a precursor salt and trisodium citrate was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent to produce gold nanoparticles following Natan's method. ...
... The obtained spherical AuNPs with size of 40-50 nm were decorated on to the surface of cellulose fiber by the immersion of fibers in the solution of Au colloids. The fibers were grafted with positive charge according to the method proposed by Tabba and co-workers with some modifications [86]. ...
Depositing nanoparticles in textiles have been a promising strategy to achieve multifunctional materials. Particularly, antimicrobial properties are highly valuable due to the emergence of new pathogens and the spread of existing ones. Several methods have been used to functionalize textile materials with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Therefore, this review highlighted the most used methods for AuNPs preparation and the current studies on the topic in order to obtain AuNPs with suitable properties for antimicrobial applications and minimize the environmental concerns in their production. Reporting the detailed information on the functionalization of fabrics, yarns, and fibers with AuNPs by different methods to improve the antimicrobial properties was the central objective. The studies combining AuNPs and textile materials have opened valuable opportunities to develop
antimicrobial materials for health and hygiene products, as infection control and barrier material, with improved properties. Future studies are needed to amplify the antimicrobial effect of AuNPs onto textiles and minimize the concerns related to the synthesis.
... Using 10 −7 mol/L MB solution as the analyte, SERS spectra with similar spectra and characteristic peaks in different probes were collected as shown in Fig. 7(a). The SERS intensities of the characteristic bands at 445, 1180, and 1621 cm −1 were selected to evaluate the reproducibility of these probes; Fig. 7(b) depicts the histogram of the three peak intensities, with relative standard deviation (RSD) values of 9.5%, 4.6%, and 9.2%, respectively, which is better than that of reported fiber probes using different preparation methods including light induction [17] and chemical adsorption [31]. ...
In this paper, we present a novel strategy for fabricating surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) optical probe modified monolayer gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) by a seed-mediated growth method. The morphology and optical properties of the samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-visible absorption spectroscopy. The results show that the resulting probes exhibit high sensitivity with a detection limit down to ${{10}^{- 9}}\;{\rm mol}/{\rm L}$ 10 − 9 m o l / L for Methylene Blue solution and ${{10}^{- 8}}\;{\rm mol}/{\rm L}$ 10 − 8 m o l / L for both Crystal Violet and Rhodamine 6G solutions. Furthermore, the probes show an excellent reproducibility (relative standard deviation of 9.2% at ${1621}\;{{\rm cm}^{- 1}}$ 1621 c m − 1 ) and good stability, and the SERS spectra can be reproduced after storing the probes for one month in air. Finally, by finite-element simulations, we investigate the electromagnetic field distribution of the fiber facet modified with AuNPs. This work provides a promising potential of prepared SERS fiber probes and has broad application prospects in food safety, pesticide residue analysis, and environmental surveillance.
... Compared with synthetic fibers, natural fibers have more advantages, including low cost, high porosity, low specific gravity and good regenerability (Rahman et al. 2018). Moreover, due to their excellent mechanical strength and large specific surface area, cellulose fibers are applied to a variety of applications of sensing, adsorption and conductivity fields (Yu et al. 2018;Ali et al. 2017;Luyt et al. 2018). In order to improve the comprehensive properties of cellulose fibers, some modifications are required, usually by physical (e.g. ...
Cellulose-based materials can be used as chemical sensors for efficiently detecting metal ions in environmental applications because of their low price, excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility. Metal-ions poisoning have potential threats to human life and health. Therefore, it is of great significance to detect metal ions. In this review, we introduce the merits and drawbacks of using instruments and other materials and cover the recent progress of cellulose-based materials for the detection of metal-ions. We anticipate that the review supplies some guidances to cellulose-based materials for metal-ions detection. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities of the future development of cellulose-based sensors are also prospected.
Graphic abstract
... EF for CV and MG is calculated to be ~2 X 10 6 and ~2 X 10 5 , respectively (S2). These values agree with the average EF values from SERS substrates reported in the literature [105,[213][214][215] and support the effectiveness of the Ag-substrate for enhancing the analyte Raman signal. ...
Cellulose based hydrogels and porous materials are gaining significant attention across a wide range of applications due to the natural abundance, biodegradability and physicochemical tunability of this polysaccharide. Cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) outperform cellulose fibers in terms of physicochemical tunability since CNF possess relatively high surface area. However, superior dispersibility of CNF in aqueous phase makes it challenging for traditional methods to dewater CNF suspensions to fabricate robust hydrogels and porous materials. In this dissertation, a novel scalable capillary based method to dewater CNF suspensions is invented as well as CNF hydrogels and porous materials with a broad range of porosity and mechanical properties were generated. CNF hydrogels and porous materials were further modified by creating a chemically crosslinked semi-interpenetrating (semi-IPN) network in the CNF matrices to enhance the mechanical robustness of these materials. Silver Nanoparticles have been incorporated xix into these semi-IPN networks to generate robust surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates for trace level detection and quantification of organic molecules.
