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3 Supine position with head-end elevation and head turned towards the surgeon is used for pituitary surgery.

3 Supine position with head-end elevation and head turned towards the surgeon is used for pituitary surgery.

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Pre-operative CT and MRI scans and intra-operative endoscopic visualization can provide useful anatomical information. Surgery is indicated in sellar, supra-sellar, retro-sellar, invasive tumors, recurrent and residual lesions, and pituitary apoplexy. Modern neuronavigation techniques, Doppler, ultrasonic aspirators, ultrasonic bone curette, and in...