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Summary of legislations that influenced public coastal access in South Africa.
Source publication
(1) Background: Coastal spaces have been highly contested terrains in South Africa, dating from the colonial period to the present time. Inclusive documentation of the history of coastal access in South Africa is inadequate. The current paper aims to explore the history of coastal access in South Africa, dating back to precolonial times until the p...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... shown in Table 1, from 1809, when the Hottentot proclamation was passed, to 2008 (ICM Act), legislation influenced the coastal landscape dynamics of South Africa. Consequently, the current South African coastal setting still reflects the imprint and legacy of those legislations, especially the 1913 Native land Act and the Reservation of Separate Amenities Amendment Act of 1960. ...Context 2
... shown in Table 1, from 1809, when the Hottentot proclamation was passed, to 2008 (ICM Act), legislation influenced the coastal landscape dynamics of South Africa. Consequently, the current South African coastal setting still reflects the imprint and legacy of those legislations, especially the 1913 Native land Act and the Reservation of Separate Amenities Amendment Act of 1960. ...Citations
... The right of the public to access the coast or waterfront is largely based on the principle of the public trust doctrine 3 . According to the public trust doctrine, natural resources are regarded as public goods and people's common heritage 4 with the state serving as its public trustee. Coastal resources including fish, minerals, and energy are critical to people, nature and the economy, and are a focus for the emerging sustainable blue economy agenda 7 . ...
... Despite the abolishment of apartheid laws by the democratic government which came into power in 1994, South Africa's black communities are still marginalized due to numerous socio-economic challenges which undermine redress and equity. Apartheid spatial planning remains a factor that undermines equitable access to the coast and the majority of South Africans are still located away from coastal resources and services 4 . Despite the scrapping of petty apartheid laws in the 1990s, most black people still flock to the beaches assigned to them during the apartheid government 34 due to a lack of meaningful spatial transformation. ...
... "Any local municipality that has jurisdiction over any part of the coastal zone may establish a coastal committee for the municipality and. subject to subsection (4). determine its powers, which may include the power to establish local subcommittees of the municipal coastal committee. ...
Coastal regions and populations worldwide experience the challenge of coastal access constraints. Owing to South Africa’s socio-economic background of apartheid, equitable access to coastal resources remains a challenge. Integrated coastal management has been the subject of numerous research in South Africa, nevertheless, the issues surrounding coastal access and global best practices received little attention. This study was conducted due to insufficient documentation of global practices for addressing coastal access challenges relevant to South Africa. The objective of this paper was to contextualize the challenges of coastal access in South Africa and assess the best practices in selected countries to address them. This study was contextualized in terms of the established literature and previous studies. In examining the key public coastal access challenges, a thematic literature review was used to systematically identify themes and gaps. The best practices for public coastal access are examined in this research using global examples. The following challenges were identified, that is, influence by private properties, apartheid spatial legacy, influence of new developments, lack of institutional capacity, policy gaps and funding constraints. The study concludes that lessons learnt from different case studies should be integrated into policy framework of South African integrated coastal management to improve public coastal access.
... The right of the public to access the coast or waterfront is largely based on the principle of the public trust doctrine 3 . According to the public trust doctrine, natural resources are regarded as public goods and people's common heritage 4 ...
... Despite the abolishment of apartheid laws by the democratic government which came into power in 1994, South Africa's black communities are still marginalized due to numerous socio-economic challenges which undermine redress and equity. Apartheid spatial planning remains a factor that undermines equitable access to the coast and the majority of South Africans are still located away from coastal resources and services 4 . Despite the scrapping of petty apartheid laws in the 1990s, most black people still flock to the beaches assigned to them during the apartheid government 34 due to a lack of meaningful spatial transformation. ...
Coastal regions and populations worldwide experience the challenge of coastal access constraints. Owing to South Africa’s socio-economic background of apartheid, equitable access to coastal resources remains a challenge. Integrated coastal management has been the subject of numerous research in South Africa, nevertheless, the issues surrounding coastal access and global best practices received little attention. This study was conducted due to insufficient documentation of global practices for addressing coastal access challenges relevant to South Africa. The objective of this paper was to contextualize challenges of coastal access in South Africa and assess the best practices in selected countries to address them. This study was contextualized in terms of the established literature and previous studies. In examining the key public coastal access challenges, thematic literature review was used to systematically identify themes and gaps. The best practices for public coastal access are examined in this research using global examples. The following challenges were identified, that is, influence by private properties, apartheid spatial legacy, influence of new developments, lack of institutional capacity, policy gaps and funding constraints. The study conclude that lessons learnt from different case studies should be integrated into policy framework of South African integrated coastal management to improve public coastal access.
... Forced removals from coastal areas made way for White elites and private developments, but also occurred in the name of conservation of biodiversity (Peer et al. 2022). Under democracy there are ongoing manifestations and impacts of displacement and exclusion of coastal people from coastal spaces (Mafumbu et al. 2022). Ranging from the inadequate consultation and involvement of coastal users in decision-making, to the exploitation and marginalisation of small-scale fishers, to the criminalisation of customary livelihoods in Marine Protected Areas, these injustices continue to reproduce historic exclusions (Sowman and Sunde 2018). ...
In this article, we centre the knowledge and contributions of environmental justice social movements towards transformations for sustainability in Transdisciplinary Research. Scholar activists within research teams can help bridge networks of scholars with social movement networks to build strongly engaged and relational transdisciplinary research. We draw on reflections and learnings from the Coastal Justice Network, a scholar activist network working in solidarity with small-scale fishers and other blue justice movements in South Africa. We discuss some of the alignments, possibilities, and tensions inherent in this mode of TD research. Lastly, we suggest approaches for bridging the academic-activist divide within TD ocean research, including the inclusion of scholar activists who have established relationships with social movements in TD teams; ensuring adequate time and learning spaces for developing relational capacities such as reflexivity and solidarity; and embracing and learning from the messy politics of alliance building.
This book delves into municipal governance by examining the relationship between traditional systems and municipal government. It provides a selection of studies and case studies where researchers describe and interrogate a wide variety of issues such as the historical roles and responsibilities of traditional systems, the evolution of the legislative and policy framework since 1994, land use management, the developmental role of municipalities, the challenges operating in traditional areas and the operations of traditional councils and municipalities in traditional areas, including gender relations.
