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Cationic polyacrylamide (PAD) is synthesized and used as decolorizing agent for polymer-sulphonated drilling wastewater. Compared with other widely used decolorizing agents the wastewater processed by PAD results in a higher decolorizetion speed, lower chromaticity, and less flocs. It also adapts to polymer-sulphonated drilling wastewater with diff...
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... Sulphonated phenolic resin and sulphonated lignite which have high chromaticity and most widely used at present were found to mainly affect chromaticity of wastewater. The main structures of sulphonated pheno- lic resin and sulphonated lignite are seen in Figures 1 and 2, respectively. ...
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Citations
... Nanoemulsions are usually thermodynamically stable isotropic dispersions of oil, water, surfactants, and cosurfactants spontaneously formed. Figure 4 is the model of nanoemulsion structure [23]. From the microscopic principle analysis, the nanoemulsion is a heterogeneous dispersion, which consists of a continuous aqueous phase and a polymer dispersed in water in a microsphere form. ...
Nanoemulsions have been widely used as additives for drilling fluids in recent years. With the development of nanotechnology, multifunctional nanomaterials have been added to nanoemulsions. The improvement of wettability of the surfaces, alteration of oil-wet on shale rock surfaces, and environmentally friendly conditions are considered as the future development directions of nanoemulsions. In this work, a novel nanoemulsion was prepared by using hydrocarbon-based polyoxyethylene ether, oil (hydrocarbon), distilled water, and formation crude oil as the main raw materials. The shale rocks before and after immersion with as-prepared nanoemulsion were characterized by contact angle measurement, atomic force microscope (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). It is clearly observed that the nanoemulsion greatly improved the wettability of the sandstone and rock surface by forming a layer of active agent film on the surface of the rock. The as-prepared nanoemulsion had good ability to curb the anticollapse and lubricate and protect the oil and gas layer.
... [2][3][4] Degradation of toxic organic pollutants in water has received considerable attention over recent years. To ease the pressure of environmental pollution, many approaches have been provided to deal with pollutants, such as biological treatment with enzyme 5 or microorganism, 6 physical treatment of wastewater with flocculating agent, 7 and photocatalytic treatment with catalysts. 8 However, due to the harsh working conditions of biological treatment, especially microbial and enzyme on the environment (such as temperature, pH, and so on), small changes can inactivate enzymes or microorganisms to loss of their activity, which limits their application scope. ...
In this work, the hybrid carbon nanofibers (Cu2O/CNFs) containing cuprous oxide (Cu2O) nanoparticles were prepared by a convenient electrospinning method and following a carbonization treatment. The morphology, composition, and microstructure of the Cu2O/CNFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometer. The as-prepared Cu2O/CNFs exhibited a stronger absorption in the range of 250-700 nm. The band gap energy of the Cu2O/CNFs was estimated to be 2.0 eV. Due to the synergistic effect between photocatalytic activity of Cu2O and excellent adsorption capacity of CNFs, the obtained Cu2O/CNFs exhibited excellent photocatalytic activity for degradation of rhodamine B (RhB) and phenol. The possible mechanism for degradation of RhB and phenol degradation were also discussed. The resultant hybrid carbon composites offer the significant advantages, such as low dosage, high catalytic activity, easy recycling, and excellent stability. We hope that the resultant hybrid composite Cu2O/CNFs could be applied as catalytic materials for further application in the future.
