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The use of UV adsorbers included in composition of a polymer film is a promising way of color protecting against effects of light since application of the polymer to the textile material surface is a universal way of providing the textile materials with necessary special properties.
Optical characteristics are the most important indicators of suit...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... dispersion of thermally linking styrene-acrylic copolymer (dry residue: 45 %, pH=7-9, viscosity at 20 °C: <500 mPa•s) was used as a study object and a partially esterified melamine resin was used as a cross-linking agent. Structural formulas of the polymer monomer links and the cross-linking agent are shown in Fig. 1, 2. Structure of the selected UV adsorbers is given in Table 1. The styrene-acrylic polymer composition contains 4 wt. % cross-linking agent. UV adsorbers in a form of aqueous-ethanolic solutions were introduced into polymeric composition in an amount of 2 wt. % in a ratio of ...
Context 2
... example, a polymer matrix film (Fig. 4, film 1) is characterized by light transmission in a range of λ=350-850 nm at a level of 28 %. This indicates the fact that this film does not interfere with the action of UV rays on the dye and is opaque. Addition of a cross-linking agent shifts the marginal minimum of the spectral curve of transmission in the film 2 into the far UV spectrum ...
Context 3
... produced from a polymer matrix (Fig. 4, film 1) and a polymer composition with a cross-linking agent (Fig. 4, film 2) are characterized by high transmission coefficients in the UV region. In view of this, it can be predicted that the said polymer films will not exhibit light-protective properties in relation to the color of textile ...
Citations
... When a sample of the VEMEA-co-VEEG hydrogel that in equilibrium is swollen in water, and is placed in an aqueous solution of CuCl2, it acquires an intense dark blue colour, and the surrounding salt solution becomes discolored, which unambiguously indicates the formation of a complex stabilized by coordination bonds. The conclusion about the formation of such complex was also made earlier [59][60][61][62][63][64][65]; as it is known, the interaction of transition metal ions with poly-ligands is accompanied by the formation of chelate structures. ...
Over the past few decades, formation of polymer hydrogels complexes with metal ions, including transition ones, attracts the steady attention of researchers. The relevance of such study is due to the fact that the kinetics of swelling and contraction of hydrogels in various media has been studied in many works, however, this question remains insufficiently studied. Cationic hydrogels based on copolymer of vinyl ethers of monoethanolamine (VEMEA) and ethylene glycol (VEEG) as the study subject in the present work have been used. The kinetics of interaction cationic hydrogels based on copolymer of vinyl ethers of monoethanolamine and ethylene glycol with copper ions in aqueous solutions has been studied. It was shown that swelling behavior such hydrogel in this process is characterized two stages. At the initial stages of the interaction of the gel with the copper salt solution, the interaction in question is determined mainly by the displacement of water from the swollen mesh, due to the difference in osmotic pressures inside and outside the sample. At this stage, the kinetics of the gel contraction is described by the same laws as for polyelectrolyte hydrogel in the alkali metal solution. At the second stage, the network charge density increases due to the formation of a complex, and the degree of the gel swelling begins to increase with time. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be assumed that in systems of this kind, metastable states with differences in character from truly equilibrium states, persisting for a long time, can be formed.
... Due to the extremely limited reserves of groundwater in river basins, a significant part of the watercourses dries up in summer and the runoff to it resumes only in the spring season of the next year. The rivers runoff, in the feeding of which the groundwater takes a noticeable part, also periodically ceases, but mainly only in winter due to freezing of ripple areas, and sometimes reaches [49][50][51][52][53][54][55]. Low-water period on the Yesil River along its entire length lasts an average of nine months (from July to March). ...
The features of perennial fluctuations in the river runoff of the Yesil Basin Rivers are considered. The
purpose of study is to analyze the spatial and temporal variability of various characteristics of river runoff
in the Yesil river basin. In the presented work, the series of annual and maximum water discharges were
analyzed, as well as the series for the minimum runoff, based on analysis of runoff long-term fluctuations
of the Yesil river basin and the authors' own researches. Hydrological calculations and statistical analysis
were carried out using standard Excel and Statistica packages. Based on the processing of surface-based
observations (1933-2016 years), as well as the analysis of literature data, conclusions were conducted about
the presence of intra-century cycles in the series of the annual river runoff of the Yesil river basin. It was
revealed that the Yesil Basin Rivers are characterized by a cyclic runoff with a period of 15-25 years. As a
result of the analysis of the long-term variation of the values of the maximum water discharge, noticeable
differences in the long-term variation of both the direct values of the maximum discharge and their absolute
variability were revealed; it was revealed that the series of the minimum winter and summer-autumn runoff
at a significant part of the gauging stations of the Yesil river basin are heterogeneous. The heterogeneity of
the runoff series characteristics in the Yesil basin is due to both factors: climatic changes and
anthropogenic pressure.
... When a sample of the VEMEA-co-VEEG hydrogel that in equilibrium is swollen in water, and is placed in an aqueous solution of CuCl2, it acquires an intense dark blue colour, and the surrounding salt solution becomes discolored, which unambiguously indicates the formation of a complex stabilized by coordination bonds. The conclusion about the formation of such complex was also made earlier [59][60][61][62][63][64][65]; as it is known, the interaction of transition metal ions with poly-ligands is accompanied by the formation of chelate structures. ...
Over the past few decades, formation of polymer hydrogels complexes with metal ions, including transition ones, attracts the steady attention of researchers. The relevance of such study is due to the fact that the kinetics of swelling and contraction of hydrogels in various media has been studied in many works, however, this question remains insufficiently studied. Cationic hydrogels based on copolymer of vinyl ethers of monoethanolamine (VEMEA) and ethylene glycol (VEEG) as the study subject in the present work have been used. The kinetics of interaction cationic hydrogels based on copolymer of vinyl ethers of monoethanolamine and ethylene glycol with copper ions in aqueous solutions has been studied. It was shown that swelling behavior such hydrogel in this process is characterized two stages. At the initial stages of the interaction of the gel with the copper salt solution, the interaction in question is determined mainly by the displacement of water from the swollen mesh, due to the difference in osmotic pressures inside and outside the sample. At this stage, the kinetics of the gel contraction is described by the same laws as for polyelectrolyte hydrogel in the alkali metal solution. At the second stage, the network charge density increases due to the formation of a complex, and the degree of the gel swelling begins to increase with time. On the basis of the results obtained, it can be assumed that in systems of this kind, metastable states with differences in character from truly equilibrium states, persisting for a long time, can be formed.
... In the hydrotreating unit, hydrotreating process of straight-run gasoline from crude oil distillation occurs. Accordingly, there is increase in oil quality by removing the sulfur from their composition and as well as other harmful compounds and impurities that degrade the performance characteristics of the process equipment and metal units [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75]. Thus, the process of hydrotreating reduces corrosion of metal equipment and pollution of environment and atmosphere. ...
Мета. Підтвердження можливості виготовлення тонкошарових водовідштовхувальних покриттів на основі частинок червоного шламу. Методика. У даній роботі було використано червоний шлам для створення мікротекстури. Процес дезактивації проведено при температурі 950 °С для зниження рН. Гідрофобізаторами було використано стеаринову кислоту, метилтриетоксисилан та октилтриетоксисилан. У якості полімерного зв’язуючого було використано стиролбутилакрилатний полімер. Для отримання даних про розмір частинок було використано лазерний аналізатор частинок. Для отримання фотографій поверхні зразків було використано оптичний мікроскоп і цифрову камеру. Для підтвердження модифікації червоного шламу було використано ІЧ-спектроскопію з використанням таблеток KBr в якості інертного носія. Кути змочування водою було виміряно методом сидячої краплі з використанням гоніометра та цифрової камери. Визначення кутів змочування для гідрофільних матеріалів проведено методом тонкостінного капілярного просочення за Уошбурном. Результати. У роботі було розглянуто один з варіантів утилізації червоного шламу для отримання мікророзмірної основи для водовідштовхувальних покриттів. Показано, що найбільший кут змочування водою складає 143° і досягається при використанні стеаринової кислоти як модифікатора в тонкоплівкових композитах, що збіднені зв’язуючим. Встановлено, що червоний шлам можна розглядати як придатну основу для отримання ієрархічних систем з перспективою досягнення гідрофобного стану поряд із звичайними дисперсними наповнювачами. Наукова новизна. Вперше показано що покриття з високими водовідштовхуючими властивостями можуть бути одержані на основі частинок червоного шламу. Практична значимість. Розроблено методику обробки відходу алюмінієвого виробництва – червоного шламу, яка полягає в спіканні, розсіюванні та гідрофобізації та відповідний склад органо-мінерального покриття на основі підготовлених частинок, який має рівномірну водовідштовхуючу поверхню.
Organic dyes such as methyl orange (MO) and methylene blue (MB) are widely used in different industries and have become one of the leading emerging water contaminants. The purpose of the current research is to develop new polymer nanocomposite filters for the effective elimination of the dyes, which are non-biodegradable and not efficiently removed by traditional treatment methods. New padded and covered filters were produced applying polystyrene-acrylic/ZnO nanocomposite on the polyester surface by blade coating and one-bath pad methods. Principal results determined by SEM analysis confirm that functionalised layer can create unprecedented function of filter textile material depending on the way of treatment. Due to the modification, the surface area increased from 5.9 for untreated polyester to 85.2 (padded), 44.6 (covered) m ² /g. The measured pore size of produced filters is around 3.4 nm, which corresponds to the mesoporous structure. Our study reported effective filters with the rate of MB and MO removal efficiencies up to 60%. Moreover, a colourless reduced form of MB—leuco-methylene blue (LMB) could be created. The functionalised layer of the developed filters through hydrogen bonding between the –OH groups of styrene-acrylic molecules and the –N(CH 3 ) 2 groups on LMB can stabilise LMB.
