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Consistent use of vegetation indices (VIs) for monitoring rangeland ecosystems in Middle Asia, and particularly Uzbekistan has been limited. In the face of intense rangeland degradation in Uzbekistan, understanding the applicability of VIs is an immediate priority for the assessment of the current state of these rangelands. This article focuses on...
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Citations
... In many countries of the world, rangeland degradation leads to the destruction of ecosystems, the depletion of biological diversity, and endangers vulnerable species (Bedunah et al. 2012). Unfortunately, the degradation of rangeland ecosystems is gaining momentum year after year in Uzbekistan as well (Rakhimova et al. 2018;Rajabov et al. 2020). In the steppe pastures of Uzbekistan, the amount of green mass, especially plants with high nutritional value, is declining. ...
Assessing the current state of rangelands common in the territory of Karakalpak Ustyurt, Uzbekistan is of great
importance in connection with intense land degradation and climate change. The article is devoted to study the main attributes and
indicators for qualitative and quantitative assessment of rangelands including the current state of vegetation, soil cover and use of fodder
resources. The studied types of rangelands are common on gray-brown desert soils, takyrs, and salt marshes, characterized by high
gypsum content. Rangeland vegetation of Ustyurt, composed mainly of Artemisia terrae-albae Krasch., Anabasis salsa (Ledeb.) Benth.
ex Volkens, Xylosalsola arbuscula (Pall.) Tzvelev, Salsola arbusculiformis Drobow, Caroxylon orientale (S.G. Gmel.) Tzvelev,
ephemera, and other plant species, is the main fodder source for Karakul sheep and camels. The nutritional value of rangeland varieties
is quite high in spring, it is characterized by an increased content of digestible protein in this period and decreases towards autumn,
while the above-ground yield of species reaches its maximum growth. Autumn and winter-spring precipitation play the main role in the
fodder productivity of rangelands. The productivity of rangelands depends on the favorable climatic conditions of the year, if more
precipitation falls, the year will be more favorable for the growth and development of plants.
... Valiyev et al. (2023), Jurakulov et al. (2023), Kudratov et al. (2023), Zokirova et al. (2022), and Narzullayev (2022; recorded important information about the composition, distribution, and importance of the flora and fauna of this area as a result of their extensive research. At the same time, the degradation of pastures in arid regions is intensifying, as observed all over the world in recent years (Rajabov et al. 2022). ...
... Research in the Guinea Savanna agroecological zone in Ghana has shown that regular livestock grazing causes negative changes in rangelands (Maxwell et al. 2018). It has been noted by experts that A. diffusa biomass productivity varies depending on climatic parameters and that the variability of biomass productivity of this plant is one of the main criteria in the assessment of pasture degradation (Rajabov et al. 2022). ...
Bazarov B, Rajamuradov Z, Safin M, Rajabov A, Khayitov D, Kuziev M, Aminjonov S, Ismayilova M, Kudratov J, Khujabekov M, Khaydarov D. 2023. The productivity, chemical composition and nutritional value of pastures dominated by Artemisia diffusa and Cousinia resinosa in arid lands of southwestern Uzbekistan. Biodiversitas 24: 3916-3923. In recent years, extensive degradation of pastures has been observed all over the world as a result of drastic changes in climate and the increase of anthropogenic factors. As a result, the biological diversity of plant communities in pastures decreases, and specific changes occur in dry mass productivity, nutritional value, and other indicators of plant biomass. Therefore, studies aimed at assessing the condition of the vegetation in pastures are important. This research is one of the first studies of this type aimed at determining the biomass yield of pastures dominated by Artemisia diffusa Krasch. ex Poljako and Cousinia resinosa Juz. at varying elevations in arid areas of the southwestern regions of Uzbekistan, analyzing the chemical composition and nutritional value contained in the plants and evaluating the yield and quality of milk of goats fed with such plants. The results showed that dry mass yield, chemical composition, amount of substance, and nutritional value of the biomass produced by the plants in the pastures were directly influenced by the type of plants that make up the pasture, the elevation of the pastures, and climate factors (i.e., season). Our analysis also showed that the resiproductivity, chemical composition, and nutritional parameters were the highest in the mountain pastures compared to those in the hill and desert pastures. Goats fed by grazing in the pastures produced a higher yield and quality of milk compared to goats fed with conventional rations. The findings of this study explain the diversity of the productivity, chemical composition, nutritional value, and potential of the biomass produced by plants in pastures with dominant species A. diffusa and C. resinosa in increasing goat milk production in arid regions.
... Rangeland ecosystems play an important role in biodiversity conservation and food security among other natural ecosystems of Uzbekistan (1). In recent years, overgrazing in natural rangeland has consistently reduced the productivity of vegetation cover, as well as damaged the structure and functions of the rangeland ecosystem (2,3). ...
On the transformed natural rangelands of Karnabchul desert, the natural
Artemisia diffusa studied four different grazing intensities the change in the
amount of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids). It was found that the amount of A. diffusa pigments also increased
with increasing stress levels in livestock grazing. In general, different grazing
intensities had a different impact on the morphological and physiological
traits of plants, especially their photosynthetic pigments.
... Among the natural ecosystems of Uzbekistan natural rangelands are considered important [1]. In recent years, overgrazing of livestock in natural rangelands has been damaging the structure and functions of the ecosystem of rangelands along with a constant decrease in the productivity of plant cover [2,3]. ...
... Given the current situation caused by unsystematic and unregulated grazing, this problem is one of the most pressing problems today [7,8,9]. For this reason, currently, much attention is being paid to research related to livestock grazing and its consequences [1,3]. Such developments are not only of scientific, but also of great practical importance. ...
In the article, natural Artemisia diffusa water regime transpiration characteristics changes were studied. It has been found that transpiration characteristics of A. diffusa also increase with increasing levels of grazing stress.
... The ongoing measures and actions in the Republic of Uzbekistan in regard to the development of the astrakhan industry once again verify the need for measures to strengthen the fodder base of livestock pastures, identify degraded pasture areas and increase the productivity in these areas. Researches on the impact of climate change, as well as degradation of vegetation cover, are carried out in different countries (19)(20)(21), mainly in the desert regions of Uzbekistan (22)(23)(24). Scientifically substantiated practical results are required in assessing the current state of existing pastures for the further development of animal husbandry in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Due to this, in the course of field research from 2020-2021 in Karakalpak Ustyurt, 2 pasture varieties (PV) belonging to the A. salsa pasture type were studied. ...
This article is devoted to the study of the current state of 2 pasture varieties of the biyurgun type: Anabasis salsa with the participation of Caroxylon orientale, Artemisia terrae-albae and A. kemrudica; Anabasis salsa with Caroxylon orientale and Artemisia terra-albae and Convolvulus fruticosus, Lycium ruthenicum, Anabasis brachiata, Nanophyton erinaceum, Nitraria schoberi, Malacocarpus crithmifolius and Xylosalsola chiwensis, with single Crambe edentula specimens distributed across the territory of Karakalpak Ustyurt (Uzbekistan) under the influence of Aral Sea drying. The Anabasis salsa pasture type occupies a larger area than that occupied by the other pasture types in Karakalpak Ustyurt (2 664 774 ha) and accounts for 36.4% of the total territory, which includes 9 pasture varieties. This type is common on takyr, loamy saline soils and, high-gypsum soils. The area of the studied pasture varieties, soil cover nature, projective cover percentage, landscape plant species, species placement, forage yield and recommended seasonality of use were determined. According to our observations the investigated pasture varieties are recommended for use as autumn-winter pastures.
... In this context, the monitoring of pastures through remote sensing techniques, via geoprocessing of satellite images, makes it possible to generate maps of vegetation indices, such as the pasture vegetation coverage index (PVC) proposed by Gao et al. (2006), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI) proposed by Huete (1998) and the leaf area index (LAI) proposed by Allen et al. (2007), in which these indices are widespread in the literature (Chen and Black, 1992;Batista et al., 2020b;Rajabov et al., 2020;Silva et al., 2019Silva et al., , 2020aSilva et al., , 2020b. In this way, it allows the assessment of the degree of susceptibility to degradation of areas under pasture, in addition to the large-scale spatiotemporal survey, minimizing current difficulties in on-site assessments (e.g., difficult access to remote areas, high in situ collection costs, among others) (Silva et al., , 2021Zhang et al., 2021;Santos et al., 2021). ...
The characterization of land use and land cover (LULC), as well as the identification of its degradation factors, are necessary for the preservation of the agroecosystem and help in decision making. Therefore, the objective of this research was to evaluate the spatial-temporal dynamics of vegetation cover and soil degradation in the Agreste mesoregion of the state of Pernambuco, through the leaf area index (LAI), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), and pasture vegetation cover index (PVC) from Sentinel-2/MSI images from the Multispectral Instrument (MSI) sensor and, develop software for automatic cloud processing on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Were used 8 Sentinel-2/MSI satellite images (2017–2020), processed in GEE, to obtain the SAVI, LAI, and PVC. A pluviometric survey was carried out for the month before the registration of each image, from the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS). The images were subjected to descriptive statistics and principal component analysis (PCA). The months that comprise the highest rainfall exceeded the accumulated 100 mm. The SAVI values ranged from −0.2 to 0.80, of the LAI between 0 and 3 m² m⁻² (with small regions greater than 3). Regions of the low spectral response of LAI and SAVI, correlated with areas of low rainfall in the study region. The total variance showed 100% representativeness and significance of the data for the accumulated in PC2, this denotes how significant the correlations between SAVI, LAI, and PVC are. Because of the new climatic and environmental scenarios, this study presented a relevant contribution to characterizing the potential areas in soil degradation processes, mainly in the Caatinga biome. Between the years 2017–2020, there was the occurrence of soil degradation processes in the Agreste region of Pernambuco, where the state's dairy basin is located, caused by poor management, use of arable land, and long periods of drought.
... Республикамиз чўл ва ярим чўл ҳудудларидаги яйловларда чорва молларининг муттасил боқилиши оқибатида инқирозга учраган майдонларнинг кўлами кескин ортиб бормоқда [12,13]. Бунинг оқибатида қурғоқчил ҳудудлардаги 50-70 фоиз яйловларнинг табиий ўсимликлар қоплами ва унинг структуравий тузилиши жиддий т р а н с ф о р м а ц и я г а у ч р а г а н [ 1 4 ] . ...
Изменение почвенных условий пустынных пастбищ под влиянием выпаса животных
Ражабов Т.Ф.1, Ортиков Т.К.1, Рахимова Т.2, Валиев Ш.А.1, Абдурахмонов З.Ф.1, Аллаяров М.Х.1
1Самаркандский государственный университет, 2Институт ботаники Академии наук Республики Узбекистан,
Ташкент
Установлено, что бессистемный выпас скота на пастбищах полупустыни Карнабчуль, расположенной на юго-западе
Узбекистана, влияет не только на состав и структуру фитоценоза, но и на его почвенные свойства. Выпас скота на
начальном этапе привел к изменению физических свойств серо-бурых почв и светлых сероземов. Эти физические
изменения повлияли на химические процессы в почве, особенно на нитрификацию, аммонификацию и гумификацию. С
увеличением степени деградации пастбищ наблюдалось повышение количества минерального азота (от 14,4 мг/кг до
21,8 мг/кг) и уменьшение подвижного фосфора (от 10,8 мг/кг до 8,8 мг/кг) в светлых сероземах, тогда как в серо-бурых
почвах изменение этих показателей имело обратный характер. Это объясняется тем, что под влиянием выпаса
происходит своеобразное изменение физических свойств почв в зависимости от их механического состава.
Rangelands, as critical components of terrestrial ecosystems, play a pivotal role in supporting biodiversity and providing essential ecosystem services. The relationship between grazing activities and vegetation dynamics is a topic of ongoing research, with a focus on understanding how these interactions in luence key physiological processes in dominant plant species. This study investigated the changes in photosynthetic pigments of rangeland Artemisia diffusa under varying sheep grazing intensities. Four different grazing intensities were imposed: initial, low, medium, and high. Sampling took place at regular intervals over the 2021-2022 year spring sezon to assess the temporal dynamics of photosynthetic pigments. The study focused on measuring changes in the concentration of key photosynthetic pigments, including chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, and carotenoids, in selected Artemisia diffusa species over the grazing period. Our results showed a clear correlation between sheep grazing intensity and changes in photosynthetic pigment concentration. In general, Artemisia diffusa at initial and low intensities showed lower levels of chlorophyll a and b than those at moderate and high intensities. Carotenoid concentrations were also observed to change signi icantly and increase signi icantly at high sheep grazing intensities. Citation: Shuhrat Valiyev, Toshpulot Rajabov, Flora Kabulova, Alisher Khujanov, Sirojiddin Urokov (2024). Changes in the amount of photosynthetic pigments in the native Artemisia diffusa in the semi-desert rangelands of Uzbekistan under the in luence of different sheep grazing intensities and different seasons. Journal of Plant Biota.
The paper presents some of the results of the 2020–2022 studies of 7 communities with the participation of a poorly studied forage and melliferous species, Hulthemia persica, in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The research goal is to identify the phytocenotic confinement of the poorly studied forage and melliferous species H. persica in various environmental conditions in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Phytocoenotic studies in 7 communities have shown that the population numbers of H. persica in the Tashkent Region (Parkentsay) are satisfactory. However, in recent years the strong impact of anthropogenic factors, primarily livestock grazing under natural growing conditions, has affected this species’ abundance, which has gradually disappeared. Large-scale exploration and prospecting, with the development of the oil and gas industry and other technogenic factors, has harmed the state of H. persica; therefore, populations lack young individuals and the cover provided by this species is relatively low. Therefore, it is crucial to strengthen protection measures, which the authors also recommend using for degraded pastures in the desert and foothill regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan. A detailed survey of natural populations and monitoring their condition should be carried out. In particular, H. persica is a promising plant adapted to various environmental conditions and can be used in degraded pastures in desert and foothill regions of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
