Figure 3 - available via license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
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Structure of gambogic acid (GA) and cytotoxicity ranges reported against breast cancer (BC) cell lines. IC 50 : half-maximal inhibitory concentration.
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Cancer is one of the major causes of death worldwide, and breast cancer is the most prevalent and deadly type among women. Despite the side effects and the phenomena of chemoresistance associated with the drugs involved, chemotherapy remains the main therapeutic strategy to combat and control breast cancer. Therefore, several new classes of compoun...
Contexts in source publication
Context 1
... specifically, GA can be extracted from the resin of these two species, which is traditionally used in folk medicine in Southeastern Asia. This compound exhibits a highly peculiar structure, composed of the three fused rings (A, B, and C, Figure 3) characterizing its xanthone moiety, which bears an additional caged ring on ring C. 9,86 GA has been identified as a promising agent against breast cancer, after having shown low-micromolar cytotoxicity in vitro against diverse breast cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T47D, and ZR751 ( Figure 3). [87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] GA has been shown to efficiently depolymerize microtubules and increase the phosphorylation levels of both p38 and JNK-1(C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase-1) enzymes in MCF-7 cells, resulting in G2/M cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. ...
Context 2
... specifically, GA can be extracted from the resin of these two species, which is traditionally used in folk medicine in Southeastern Asia. This compound exhibits a highly peculiar structure, composed of the three fused rings (A, B, and C, Figure 3) characterizing its xanthone moiety, which bears an additional caged ring on ring C. 9,86 GA has been identified as a promising agent against breast cancer, after having shown low-micromolar cytotoxicity in vitro against diverse breast cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, T47D, and ZR751 ( Figure 3). [87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97] GA has been shown to efficiently depolymerize microtubules and increase the phosphorylation levels of both p38 and JNK-1(C-Jun N-Terminal Kinase-1) enzymes in MCF-7 cells, resulting in G2/M cycle arrest and apoptosis of breast cancer cells. ...
