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Structure of chromosome, chromatin and nucleosomes. Chromosome is made of condensed pair of sister chromatids. These chromatids contain densely packed chromatin (set of nucleosomes). Nucleosomes are histones wrapped by DNA.
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One of the major hallmarks of cancer is aberrant or uncontrollable cell division, which occurs due to a defective cell cycle process. During the synthesis phase (S-phase) of the cell cycle, before cell division or mitosis phase, the DNA in the cell makes a new copy to pass on genetic information to the daughter cells. Therefore, S-phase is one of t...
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Context 1
... histones are wrapped around with 1.67 turns of DNA containing 146 bases, forming a structure called a nucleosome. Multiple nucleosomes bind together like a chain and form a higher-order chromatin structure ( Figure 6). During cell division, these chromatids get condensed to form a compact structure called chromosomes. ...
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Citations
Biologi adalah ilmu pengetahuan yang memungkinkan kita untuk
memahami bagaimana organisme hidup, bereproduksi, berinteraksi
satu sama lain, dan beradaptasi dengan lingkungan dan ilmu yang
memperkenalkan kita pada kehidupan, dari sel-sel mikroskopis
hingga keragaman makhluk hidup.
Buku ini merupakan sebuah panduan komprehensif untuk
menjelajahi dunia biologi dengan pendekatan yang komprehensif.
Buku ini merangkum elemen-elemen kunci dalam ilmu biologi,
dimulai dengan definisi dasar tentang apa itu biologi dan sejarah
perkembangannya. Pembaca akan dibimbing melalui proses ilmiah
dalam biologi, memahami bagaimana ilmuwan mengembangkan
pengetahuan tentang kehidupan.
Selain itu, buku ini mengulas topik seperti Keanekaragaman Hayati,
menjelaskan keragaman luar biasa makhluk hidup di Bumi, serta
menggali dalam struktur dan fungsi sel, dasar kehidupan. Genetika
juga ditekankan, memberikan pemahaman tentang pewarisan sifat.
Konsep seleksi alam dan evolusi juga diuraikan secara rinci,
mengungkap bagaimana makhluk hidup beradaptasi dengan
lingkungannya. Ekologi, fisiologi, serta isu konservasi dan kepedulian
lingkungan juga menjadi bagian penting dari buku ini,
menggambarkan hubungan erat antara organisme dan
lingkungannya, serta pentingnya menjaga keberlanjutan alam.
